# AeroDefense - Full Content > Scalable Drone Detection --- ## Securing our Skies: How Government is Regulating Drone Use .. and How You Can Help URL: https://aerodefense.tech/securing-our-skies-how-government-is-regulating-drone-use-and-how-you-can-help-3/ Rapid advancement of drone technology has led to benefits in various sectors, but it also poses a great threat. Clueless, careless, and criminal drone pilots endanger the public. The most dangerous include espionage, smuggling, terrorism, interference with aircraft, and data breaches. Government officials have not shied away from the discussion of possible legislation, but the future landscape of drone regulation is unclear. This blog will provide information into federal laws which currently regulate drone and drone detection, the possible threats drones pose to people and property, and some measures you can take to keep yourself safe and aid in rapid, reliable responses. ## **Current Drone Regulation** The United States has few laws which regulate the use of drones. Some of these “drone laws” have been passed for multiple years, while others are new. These federal regulations are important to know whether you are a drone pilot, a property owner, or simply a curious individual. Here are the most notable federal drone laws: - ### **USC 44809** - Describes how, when, and where you can fly drones for recreational purposes. - ### **USC 302a** - Prohibits most non-federal entities from manufacturing, importing, shipping, selling, or using devices that fail to comply with FCC regulations regarding devices that can interfere with radio reception, including transmitters designed to block, jam, or interfere with wireless communications. - ### **The Aircraft Sabotage Act** - Criminalizes certain destructive actions with respect to “aircraft,” including damaging, destroying, or disabling those aircraft. - ### **The Wiretap Act** - Prohibits intentionally intercepting the content of any electronic communication, unless done so by court order. - ### **The Pen/Trap Statute** - Criminalizes anything that can record, decode, or capture non-content dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling information. - ### **American Security Drone Act (ASDA)** - Prohibits federal agencies from procuring and operating non-secure drones. - ### **FAA Part 107 Certification ** - Required to be a commercial drone pilot for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) (less than 55 pounds). - Also lays out regulations for non-commercial drone pilots. - ### **FAA Remote ID Drone Broadcast Mandate** - This states that all drones must broadcast a unique ID via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth to receivers - **Penalties for non-compliance are $25,700 per violation for civil charges, up to $250,000 with three years in prison (in addition to any state and local drone violation charges)** - ### **FAA Temporary “No Fly Zone” Restrictions** - The FAA may enforce temporary restrictions to flights, manned or unmanned, in areas due to events such as sporting matches, political events, certain government activities, or other events where threats of crime or terrorism may be high. - Use the FAA’s official app “B4UFLY” to be aware of flight rules and temporary restrictions. - **EXAMPLE**: A man is facing up to four years in federal prison and $350,000 in fines for flying a drone near M&T Bank Stadium during the NFL AFC championship game on January 28th, 2024. The area surrounding the stadium was labeled a “no fly zone” by the FAA in the days leading up to the game. The pilot was not using the B4UFLY app, rather relying on DJI Drone software to tell him where he could and couldn’t fly. - ### **FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024** Extends mitigation waivers to government agencies such as The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Department of Justice (DOJ) allowing them to engage in mitigation tactics. - Designates specific drone test ranges. - Establishes an Unmanned and Autonomous Flight Advisory Committee (UAFAC). - Broadens the FAA’s ability to enact “no-fly-zones”, specifically over large gatherings such as concerts. It is important to note that although these are some of the main federal laws, it is crucial to check the local legislation of both the state and county you reside in regularly for new or unique laws. ## **Drone-Use Threats** Although the laws mentioned above directly regulate drones and how they are used, drone technology has quickly outpaced government regulation. Even while technically obeying all laws in their construction and features, drones can still be used for nefarious or criminal purposes. Just like any helpful tool, when put in the wrong hands can be used for great harm. The following are just a few examples of how drones can be used in threatening and criminal ways: - ### **Voyeurism / “Peeping Tom”** - Drone technology makes it even easier for predators to perform acts of voyeurism, otherwise known as “Peeping Tom”. Some drones use very expensive and high-end cameras that can record from a considerable distance. New drone technology also allows drones to fly quieter than ever before. - ### **Vandalism/Arson** - Whether it is intentional or simply due to a lack of experience, drones can cause substantial damage to property. Especially with the speed new-age drones are capable of and their increased structural ruggedness, drones can be speedy flying battering rams endangering one’s property. - Irrationality and inexperience don’t mix when it comes to drone pilots, often resulting in crashes. These crashes can, in some cases, lead to fires. This was the case back in 2018 when a lithium-ion battery powered drone crashed in Boulder County, Colorado, igniting a blaze that burned more than 50 acres. - ### **Assault** - In extreme cases, drones can get into the hands of someone who truly wishes to cause harm. Most recreational drones have a multi-rotor design, with four durable rotors spinning between 8,000 and 20,000 RPMs. Combine these spinning rotors with a durable design and ground speeds of over 60 mph and you have a controlled dangerous projectile that can cause great bodily harm. - ### **Unauthorized Audio/Video Recordings on Private Property** - Similar to using drones with the malicious intent of voyeurism, drones can be used to spy on and record people in/on their own private property. Drones have the ability to record high-quality audio and video and can do so seemingly undetected. This presents a real danger and invasion of privacy. - ### **Harassment** - Just as a stalker may follow one’s movements, verbally abuse them, invade their privacy, and harass them, so can drones. Skilled pilots can fly near individuals at high speeds and with great precision, causing fear and endangering the individual. - ### **IP Theft** - With new and advanced technology, it is possible for drones to enter your area and help steal valuable data from your employees, networks and servers. This poses the threat of a large data breach that can shut down companies, infrastructure, and lead to many other things such as the selling of personal information on the black market. ## **Preventative Measures You Can Take** How do you prevent, protect, or quickly respond to these ever-increasing drone threats? Although government officials have enacted some regulation, it is up to you to help enforce those laws. Below is a list of ways that you can: - ### **Critical Infrastructure** - If you manage critical infrastructure in the United States, there is already a federal law in place that prohibits drone use on those properties. However, signs around property limits need to be erected to properly educate the public and help in possibly enacting the law against offenders. - ### **No Fly Zones** - In cooperation with the FAA and government officials, a few unique locations that are deemed high value targets and go through a lengthy approval process can set up laws that create “no fly zones” around key properties. This is a difficult route to go, but is possible with enough public traction and time. Sometimes these “no fly zones” are only temporarily enforced, as was the case in Las Vegas for Super Bowl LVIII. - ### **Drone Detection Systems** - Another measure you can take to protect yourself and ensure quick response by law enforcement is by installing or using a drone detection system. These systems establish zones around properties that monitor for drone activity. An example of this technology is the AirWarden™ Drone Detection System. It uses advanced RF spectrum sensing technology that scans specific frequencies most commonly used by drones. It can then exactly locate the drone, its direction, and locate the pilot which aids in quick response to illegal or dangerous drone activity. - Drone detection systems also help find and persecute those who break the law. One can take a copy of their drone detection system broadcast to authorities such as the FAA, a LEAP (Law Enforcement Assistance Program) Agent, or even the FBI who can then use the broadcast to help track down pilots. - ### **Securing Your Network** - If a drone comes close enough to your property, it may be able to access your wireless networks and extract data. Making sure your Wi-Fi is secured and password protected will help prevent this illegal activity. - Drones can be used to fly in rogue access points that mimic your networks to collect information from employees who connect to it accidently. ## **Conclusion** Drones can be a tool for great good and increase our quality of life. However, they can also be used for great harm and to cause incredible amounts of damage. It is important to know what laws are currently in place that help regulate drones and drone detection, but it’s even more important to know what you can do to help enforce these laws. Take action today, because drones are here to stay. --- ## DJI Geofencing Removal: What It Means for Drone Pilots and Airspace Safety URL: https://aerodefense.tech/dji-geofencing-removal/ DJI, a leading drone company, has decided to remove its geofencing system for drone users. DJI geofencing stopped drones from flying over sensitive locations like prisons, airports, power plants and the White House. As of January 13, 2025, DJI drones no longer block these flights. Instead, the DJI app will give pilots warnings that they can easily bypass. Drone operators must now take full responsibility to know and follow airspace rules. ## What is DJI Geofencing and Why Did They Get Rid of It? Geofencing creates invisible boundaries in the air using GPS technology. Previously, the DJI geofencing system would stop drones and warn pilots when entering restricted areas. DJI geofencing improved safety by preventing drones from flying into harmful locations. DJI has now removed that strong geofence, no longer stopping drones from entering restricted areas. Instead, the app notifies pilots but does not prevent them from flying. DJI says removing geofencing responds to changes in drone rules and pilot awareness. They believe that the Federal Aviation Administration Remote Identification (Remote ID) rule ensures safe drone flights. The Remote ID rule requires drones to send out information about their location and who is flying them. This helps anyone with the technology to receive the Remote ID broadcast signal keep an eye on drone activity without DJI’s built-in restrictions. Many drone pilots find DJI geofencing frustrating because it sometimes prevents legal flights. Emergency responders, utility inspectors, and other professionals have said that geofencing makes it harder to do their jobs. By removing these restrictions, DJI gives pilots more freedom but still encourages safe flying through warnings and guidelines. For more information on Remote ID, check out our Quick Guide to Remote ID Drone Detection. ## Why the Timing of DJI’s Geofencing Decision Matters Some people are questioning why DJI made this decision now. It comes at a time when DJI and other Chinese technology companies are facing increased scrutiny in the U.S. With discussions about banning DJI drones in government use, this change could be an attempt to shift focus away from regulations that could limit DJI’s business. Also, this decision follows two major drone incidents. In California, a drone crashed into a firefighting airplane, causing concern about drones interfering with emergency efforts. In New Jersey, multiple reports of unidentified drones caused panic about possible security threats. These events have sparked debates about whether removing geofencing will make drone safety harder to enforce. ## The Need for Drone Detection Systems Since DJI drones are no longer automatically restricted, the need for drone detection systems to track both drones and their pilots has increased. Places like prisons, airports, and other sensitive areas have already seen more drone flights—some legally, and some not, but either way it can cause safety and security concerns. A drone detection system that receives Remote ID signals is important for safety. Remote ID information shows where a drone and its pilot are in real time. This helps security teams find the pilot quickly and make sure the drone lands safely. If a drone flies near a prison, airport, or power plant, knowing where the pilot is helps stop problems before they happen. Without this information, it’s much harder to respond to drone threats and keep people safe. For more information on Remote ID and why you still need a drone detection system, check out our article “Do I Still Need Drone Detection?”. ## Conclusion DJI’s removal of geofencing is a major change for drone pilots and airspace security. While it gives more freedom to drone operators, it also increases both the responsibility of the pilot and the organizations that previously had geofences. Without DJI geofencing, pilots must stay informed about where they fly and follow FAA rules carefully. Organizations that previously relied on DJI geofencing must now find new methods and tools, such as drone detection systems with Remote ID, to protect against unrestricted drones. As drones continue to become more common, drone detection systems that receive Remote ID information are even more essential in maintaining safe airspace.   --- ## The Ultimate Guide to Drone Detection URL: https://aerodefense.tech/the-ultimate-guide-to-drone-detection/ Drones aren’t going away. Neither is the need to reliably detect and track them. You may be asking yourself, what is drone detection? How do drone detection systems work? What kind of threats do drones pose? Who is threatened by drones? How do I know if me or my property are at risk? We have compiled many resources to share the ins and outs of drone detection we’ve seen learned over the past decade. The five key topics include: - How do drones pose a risk? - What is drone detection and how does it work? - Are there laws regulating drones and drone detection? - How to select a drone detection system that matches your risk level? Education is key to understanding this industry, so we hope this guide helps you stay informed. ## #1. How Do Drones Pose A Risk? Although drone technology has greatly enhanced and advanced society, drones carry a great deal of power. This power, when put in the hands of clueless, careless, or criminal individuals, can carry lots of risk. Let's outline a couple different scenarios of the threat drones pose when operated incorrectly. ### **Stadiums** Drone flights and disruptions at stadiums have become a cause for concern. They pose risks to both public safety and event integrity. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) prohibit drone flights within three nautical miles of certain stadiums before and after events, but their applicability is limited. Most stadiums and events are not covered by these restrictions. Examples of drones interfering with operations at stadiums are growing rapidly. During a key NFL playoff game in 2025, play stopped in the third quarter because of a drone nearby. The pause that disrupted momentum, frustrated fans, and raised security concerns lasted over five minutes. Despite the drone never actually flying directly over the stadium, it breached the FAA three mile TFR. This prompted a mandatory stoppage of play. This was the third time in two years a drone interfered with an NFL game at that stadium. * ### **Mass Gatherings** At mass gatherings such as fairs, concerts, and protests, hobbyist pilots often fly drones to capture aerial footage of the crowd. However, these events also present additional concerns beyond those seen at stadiums. When protests in 2020 escalated to riots and looting, rioters used drones as surveillance tools. From the sky, they could direct crowds away from police to avoid confrontation or towards them for harassment or attack. They also guided looters to areas without police presence. ### **Prisons/Correctional Facilities** Threats posed by drones at prisons include delivery of contraband such as drugs, weapons, cell phones, and tools to aid in inmate escape. Drones may also be used for surveillance to observe staff routines and identify opportunities for further contraband delivery or other crimes. Even with restricted airspace and specific laws in place, highly fortified correctional facilities are unable to prevent drone infiltration. The FAA has imposed airspace restrictions over many Federal Bureau of Prison facilities. Several states have also enacted laws targeting drone flights over private facilities. However, these measures do not deter contraband pilots probably because they can make so much money off of one drop. Correctional facilities often act as hubs for drug distribution, linking them to local gang activity. Failure to quickly identify and respond to drone activity can lead to facility lockdowns, requiring extensive response efforts. For more information about drone threats at correctional facilities, check out our blog* *“Drone Threats at Correctional Facilities”* * ### **Airports & Sea Ports** At airports, drones pose risks of collisions with aircraft and intentional disruptions or attacks. The FAA has implemented strict regulations regarding drone flights near airports for these safety concerns. Despite these measures, numerous close encounters between drones and aircraft have occurred. When drones appear near airports, officials often halt operations. This results in significant financial losses amounting to millions or possibly billions of dollars. An example occurred at London-Gatwick Airport in 2019. Sightings of drones caused mass chaos and led to a runway shutdown. This disrupted pre-Christmas flights for 33 hours, forcing airlines to cancel or delay numerous flights. The incident caused significant financial losses, with airlines estimating a total cost of £50 million ($64.5 million). Drones can also pose significant risks to sea ports. The potential to disrupt operations, conduct unauthorized surveillance, and bypass authorities and checks proves strong. Drones can also facilitate the delivery of illicit cargo such as drugs or weapons. ### **Corporate Campuses & Data Centers** At corporate campuses, drone risks involve potential intellectual property theft aided by rogue access points dropped onto rooftops. Additionally, unauthorized camera surveillance into sensitive areas like conference rooms poses another large concern. Data centers, which store vast amounts of valuable data, utilize various cyber and physical security measures. However, many have not yet fully addressed the threat posed by drones. Similar to the risks posed to corporate campuses, drones can be used to hack into data centers and steal proprietary information. ### **Critical Infrastructure** The Department of Homeland Security has identified 16 critical infrastructure sectors vital to the United States. All 16 of these suffer from security risks posed by drones.  Most critical infrastructure is not in restricted airspace. For example, only weapons-related nuclear plants are on the 14 CFR 99.7 list (FAA UAS Data Delivery System), meaning drones can legally operate near most power plants, refineries, and even nuclear plants unless in controlled airspace, where standard airspace authorizations apply. Although intentional drone acts such as spying to identify weak spots, intellectual property theft, and possible physical attacks using weaponized drones are devastating, clueless or careless drone activity is more common and can be just as dangerous. These clueless or careless pilots can cause massive amounts of damage to critical infrastructure sites. Hobbyist pilots can easily lose control and crash causing damage to equipment and structures, leading to widespread disruptions to power grids or refinery operations. Recently, the largest drone manufacturer in the world, DJI, removed its software-enforced geofencing around locations such as airports and critical infrastructure sites. Pilots still receive a notification they are flying in sensitive areas, however, there is no longer software prohibiting pilots from flying in these locations. ### **Military/Defense **  Drones have been at the forefront of the Ukraine-Russia war and look to shape the future of warfare. The risk unauthorized drones pose to resources and life is great for the military. For example, a simple multi-copter drone flying over an Air Force base could accidentally cross paths with a plane. This could cause a $100 million jet to crash and put the pilot's life at risk. Drone detection helps prevent this. For more information about drone threats for the military, check out our blog **Military Drone Detection: How the U.S. Armed Forces are Combating Drone Threats* *For more information about drone threats, check out our blog “**Why Are Drones a Safety and Security Concern?**”* *For more information about the recent DJI geofencing removal, check out our blog “**DJI Geofencing Removal: What It Means for Drone Pilots and Airspace Safety”* ## **#2. What is Drone Detection and How Does it Work?** * Drones, also often called Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), are impressive technology. However, they can also pose the risk to property and safety if used incorrectly. Drone detection systems, or Counter Unmanned Aerial Systems (cUAS), have existed in theory since World War II when the military first used radar technology. However, purpose-built drone detection systems didn't exist until the late 1900s. Now, people use cUAS across the globe for many different purposes. Some of these purposes include: - Monitor drone activity at airports - Track drone use over stadiums and other public event centers - Enforce no-fly zones over military or government installations - Locate and track enemy drone deployments over battlefields - Disrupt and ultimately prevent drone borne contraband flights Drone detection systems achieve detection through the use of electronic sensors or receivers and antennas. Just as air traffic control towers use radar to detect and track aircraft flights in airport airspace, drone detection systems monitor and track drones in their designated areas.  One can achieve drone detection through different technologies and methods. - Radio Frequency (RF) Remote ID - Radar - Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) - Acoustic RF technology is the primary way drones communicate with their pilots or controllers, making RF drone detection the only reliable method to locate both the drone and its pilot. RF technology is the backbone to the FAA Remote ID mandate. The Remote ID rule requires all drones between .55 lb and 55 lbs to transmit identification and location information. Similar to a vehicle's unique license plate number, Remote ID acts as a digital license plate for drones. Other parties are then able to receive the identifying information via a Remote ID application or a Remote ID receiver. RADAR is short for Radio Detection and Ranging. RADAR systems emit focused radio waves, which upon encountering an object, bounce back to the sensors. These sensors analyze the reflections to ascertain the object's position and dimensions. Camera Electro-Optical (EO), Camera Infra-Red (IR), along with other visual tracking methods are also common. These methods employ PTZ (Pan, Tilt, and Zoom) cameras for visual tracking of drones. These cameras focus on the drone's GPS coordinates, then follow its movement. This is similar to how a security camera tracks motion in a specific area. Acoustic drone detection systems rely on unique sound signatures produced by the motors of a drone. The detection speed of these systems is mainly limited due to varying types of the drones, their environment, and distance to the acoustic sensors. Drone detection systems use one of or a combination of methods listed above. A system can be as simple yet effective as a singular Remote ID receiver. A complex multi-layered system could use a combination of Remote ID and other RF-based detection, radar, and cameras. You can deploy drone detection systems in multiple different ways. Two common terms for deployment are “mobile drone detection” or “citywide drone detection”. With Mobile drone detection systems, you can quickly relocate the system, allowing for easy set-up and take-down. Some mobile systems even operate while in motion. This allows detection from vehicles such as cars or boats or from individuals on foot. Citywide is a term used to describe a full ecosystem of drone detection sensors. These networks of sensors work together to cover an entire urban zone or wide-geographic area. When paired with fusion centers or incident command centers, monitoring of the system is handled remotely and enables the rapid passing of key information to law enforcement or other agencies/partners. For more information on drone detection, check out our blog “**What is Drone Detection**”* *For information on type of drones and how to detect them, check out our blog “**Common Types of Drones and How to Detect Them**”* *For more common drone detection terms, check out our blog “**Drone Detection/Counter-UAS Terms and Definitions**”* *For information on FAA Remote ID, check out our blogs “**A Quick Guide to Remote ID Drone Detection”** &* *“Remote ID App vs Remote ID Receiver**”* *For more information on RF drone detection, check out our blog “**10 RF Drone Detection Misconceptions**”* *For information concerning mobile drone detection, check out our blog “**The World of Mobile Drone Detection**”* *For information concerning citywide drone detection, check out our blog “**Citywide Drone Detection: A National, Regional and Targeted Approach**”* *For information on military drone detection systems, check out our blog “**Military Drone Detection**”* ## **#3. Are There Laws Regulating Drones and Drone Detection?** * Government lawmakers and regulators see the possible threats and risks of using drones. They also recognize that certain drone detection technology may put privacy at risk. In the last 10 years there have been an abundance of new national bills proposed, however few of these bills pass and become laws. This is the same story for local governments. Many lawmakers have proposed bills, but lengthy and unclear processes cause most to fall by the wayside.  The FAA’s updated fact sheet clarifies that the federal government has exclusive authority over aviation safety and airspace efficiency, which includes drones. State and local governments can regulate outside these areas—such as privacy or property concerns—as long as their laws don’t conflict with FAA regulations. FAA Fact Sheet on State and Local Regulation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)  Multiple laws greatly regulate the use of drones and specify where they can operate. Similarly, many laws limit when and how drone detection systems are able to acquire information. Below is a table of some national laws that are currently in place which regulate drone and drone detection use. USC 44809 Describes how, when, and where you can fly drones for recreational purposes. USC 302a Prohibits most non-federal entities from manufacturing, importing, shipping, selling, or using devices that fail to comply with FCC regulations regarding devices that can interfere with radio reception, including transmitters designed to block, jam, or interfere with wireless communications. The Aircraft Sabotage Act Criminalizes certain destructive actions with respect to “aircraft,” including damaging, destroying, or disabling those aircraft. The Wiretap Act Prohibits intentionally intercepting the content of any electronic communication, unless done so by court order. The Pen/Trap Statute Criminalizes anything that can record, decode, or capture non-content dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling information. American Security Drone Act (ASDA) Prohibits federal agencies from procuring and operating drones manufactured or assembled by certain foreign entities, including those subject to the influence or control of China. FAA Part 107 Certification Required to be a commercial drone pilot for small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) (less than 55 pounds). Also lays out regulations for non-commercial drone pilots. FAA Remote ID Drone Broadcast Mandate This states that all drones must broadcast a unique ID via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth to receivers. Penalties for non-compliance are $25,700 per violation for civil charges, up to $250,000 with three years in prison (in addition to any state and local drone violation charges) FAA Temporary Flight Restrictions (No Fly Zones) The FAA may enforce temporary restrictions to flights, manned or unmanned, in areas due to events such as sporting matches, political events, certain government activities, or other events where threats of crime or terrorism may be high. Use the FAA’s official app “B4UFLY” to be aware of flight rules and temporary restrictions. FAA Reauthorization Act Originally passed in 2018, this act gave broad guidelines to many different aspects of drone use. Mitigation waivers and “no-fly-zones” were also outlined In May 2024, the act was revised with slight additions and clarifications. It was passed and is valid through 2028. Although these are the most noteworthy national laws, local laws and regulations often go more in-depth or broaden the scope of national laws. It is always recommended to check with local governments to see what laws they have that regulate drone and drone detection use. ### **Mitigation and 124n** One topic of constant discussion is drone mitigation. Mitigation is taking any action that interferes with the signal of the drone or physically interferes with its flight.  As of writing this article, mitigation is illegal for all drone detection systems operating in the United States. The only way to legally use mitigation tactics is to apply for and receive a 124n waiver. 124n is a government law that allows a few government agencies to mitigate and intercept, bypassing wiretapping laws. This means that Uncle Joe shooting down a drone over his property is illegal. It also means limitations apply to how systems collect data from drones, as they can’t decrypt any signals. It’s important to know the right questions to ask when evaluating drone detection to ensure you are choosing the right system for your needs while staying compliant with current laws.   The government has extended these 124n waivers multiple times. Most recently, the government renewed these waivers for those select agencies for another five (5) years beginning in May 2024.  In the future, if these waivers aren’t renewed those few government agencies would be required to follow the same regulations as consumers. The 124n waiver application process takes a long time and is quite complex. Only four government agencies have received approval. This leaves the majority of those looking for a drone solution needing to explore systems with detection, not mitigation. One of our first clients once said, “Pilot location is a form of mitigation.” The pilot is the source of the drone in the air that presents a potential problem. If you have a drone detection system that allows you to locate the pilot, you can determine their intent and ask for their cooperation to safely land their drone.  For more information about drone laws and regulations, check out our blog “**Securing our Skies: How Government is Regulating Drone Use **”* *For more information about drone mitigation, check out our blog “**To Mitigate, or Not to Mitigate Drones…Should That Be the Question?**”* *For more information about mitigation waivers and 124n, check out our blog “**Waiver to Operate Drone Detection and Mitigation Systems: 124n**”* ## **#4. How Do I Choose A Drone Detection System?** By now, you may be wondering, "I understand drone risks and drone detection, but how do I choose a drone detection system that’s right for me?".  For most organizations, a Remote ID receiver is all that’s needed to detect nearby drones and identify who’s flying them. It provides real-time insight, helping you monitor activity and respond appropriately without overcomplicating things. But if you begin to notice suspicious drone activity with no Remote ID signal, it could be a sign of a bigger concern—at that point, a more advanced detection system may be worth considering. Book a time with us to go through your specific use case and concerns.  *   For more information about choosing a drone detection system, check out our blog “**7 Must-Ask Questions When Choosing a Drone Detection System**”* ## **Conclusion** This is the end of the Ultimate Guide to Drone Detection. You now have a great basic knowledge of the industry of drone detection. You should feel confident in the future and what you can do to protect yourself and your property. Here are a few key takeaways: - Drones can pose a variety of risks to all industries. Even simple, unaware drone trespassing can have safety and security implications. These include sporting event delays, airport disruption, or even catastrophic loss of life. - Drone detection systems help protect you and your property from the growing misuse of drones. This misuse can be either intentional or un-intentional. - Drone operations are governed by a mix of federal, state, and local laws, while the use of drone detection systems is regulated solely at the federal level. Only four (4) government agencies can mitigate or interfere with drones. Drone detection systems that allow you to locate the pilot so you can safely land the drone is the best course of action. - To choose a drone detection system, assess your risk level. A Remote ID receiver is typically enough for most organizations to monitor drones and identify pilots. However, if drones are spotted without broadcasting Remote ID, it may signal a larger threat—warranting a more advanced detection system. Keep up to date with all drone and drone detection news and information. Follow us on LinkedIn, Facebook, and X. --- ## Military Drone Detection: How the U.S. Armed Forces are Combating Drone Threats URL: https://aerodefense.tech/military-drone-detection-how-the-u-s-armed-forces-are-combating-drone-threats/ The US military has recognized the threat from small drones, often referred to as sUAS (small un-crewed aircraft systems), for several years now. In 2021 Marine General Kenneth McKenzie, CENTCOM leader, said small, cheap sUAS were the “most concerning tactical development” since the rise of the Improvised Explosive Device (IED).  From the threat of clueless/careless pilots flying over an Air Force base risking collision with other aircraft to sUAS with explosives being dropped on a target, the dangers are here and now, and military drone detection technology continues to rapidly improve. You may have heard the phrase “army of drones” in the context of the Ukraine/Russia conflict. Both sides have demonstrated tremendous success using sUAS for surveillance and explosive payloads in combat. ## The Growing Threat from Above Not all sUAS threats come against the military in foreign states or in conflict zones. The United States and other governments are reporting increased numbers of unauthorized sUAS traveling through restricted airspace over military bases and government installations. Although most of these incidents can be blamed on clueless sUAS pilots unaware of restrictions, they are not all benign. Unaware pilots who fly their sUAS in the path of aircraft or aerial equipment at a military base risk damage and possibly death to not only pilots but to those on the ground. Mike Canada, head of the Un-crewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) program at Prescott’s Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, said this of the threat unauthorized sUAS pose to pilots specifically “I think it’s akin to a bird strike. I mean, you hit it at the right place on the fuselage or the cockpit area, yeah, you could bring down the aircraft.” Adversary sUAS pilots use sUAS to track troop movement, study tactics, and drop explosives. One solution the government and military have adopted is the detection and tracking of unauthorized sUAS and their pilots. To achieve this they have turned to using purpose-built military drone/sUAS detection systems that utilize a variety of technologies and tactics, such as RF sensing, to quickly detect sUAS and alert personnel. sUAS detection systems are a reliable way to help thwart the threat, but it is also worth noting the need for the United States Department of Defense (DOD) to fight differently to keep a step ahead of rapidly advancing sUAS technology and nefarious actors. For example, DJI recently made a move to encrypt their UAV signals making its sUAS detection product obsolete without the addition of a USB dongle. Furthermore, some sUAS detection systems are limited by product libraries which leaves a gap in defenses. If a sUAS detection system does not innovate and protect against things like spoofing, criminals will find gaps in the coverage. ## Personnel on the Move Protection of government and military installations is vitally important, but ultimately it is the personnel that matter the most, and personnel are not stagnant. Government officials and military troops are constantly on the move inside and outside of their installations. The area of protection can change at a moment’s notice which highlights the need for mobile defenses. Military drone detection systems are often extremely large, heavy, and expensive. Some look like the picture above, requiring an entire vehicle to be devoted to carrying them. This removes any element of discreteness and draws attention which traveling personnel greatly want to avoid. Another complication to mobility is the need for internet connection when setting up a system. This is why it’s important to consider all use cases when evaluating sUAS detection systems.You may need a system that can operate via mesh network. There are products on the market that solve these issues. Priced at much less, much more discrete, and solving the set-up internet issue, these products condense what takes the military an entire truck load into a small package that can be installed on any size vehicle, boat, or other transportation device. ## Legal Landscape of Drone Detection Systems You may think the US military can use any drone/sUAS detection system they want any time, any where. Since 2018, government organizations including the DOD have had to apply for waivers allowing them to “crack the packet” or use mitigation systems. This means that these government departments were allowed to go around the Wiretap Act, the Pen/Trap Statute, and other laws governing the interference with sUAS. The process to obtain these waivers is rather time consuming, and a new waiver must be obtained when the sUAS detection system is moved from one location to another . These waivers are set to expire on October 1st, 2024 per the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024. There are many questions as to the future and if there will be expansion of these waivers to more recipients. Government recognizes the need to regulate commercial sUAS technology but legislation often takes much longer than needed. Most recently, the FAA announced that all sUAS are required to have a Remote ID, similar to the unique number registered to airplanes. This can help monitor sUAS activity and track down those responsible for illegal sUAS use. But is Remote ID too little too late? A large issue, and the key reason the DOD thinks Remote ID is inadequate as a sole solution in high risk situations like combat, is that enforcement of adding Remote ID to all sUAS made before the law was enacted is a monumental task. For that reason alone, military and government agencies are not relying only on Remote ID. Rather, they are adopting multi-layered systems including other forms of detection such as spectrum sensing or radar. SHARE   Published by AeroDefense May 9, 2024 --- ## DJI’s Drone Encryption Move: How it Affects Aeroscopes, Many Drone Detection Systems, and National Security URL: https://aerodefense.tech/djis-drone-encryption-move-how-it-affects-aeroscopes-many-drone-detection-systems-and-national-security/ In recent developments within the drone industry, drone manufacturer DJI, renowned globally as the largest drone manufacturer, has begun encrypting its Aeroscope Remote Identification broadcasts. This strategic move significantly impacts various drone detection systems, notably affecting systems like Aeroscope, which rely on intercepting once unencrypted DJI broadcasts for functionality.This encryption implementation marks a significant shift in the dynamics of drone technology and airspace security. Previously, drone detection systems that intercepted DJI signals were instrumental in identifying and monitoring DJI drones, including popular models like the Mavic and Mini series drones. However, DJI’s encryption renders many of these systems ineffective in detecting and tracking DJI drone signals. Since the signals are now encrypted, there is no question as to the legality of decrypting them, leaving their systems unusable to detect DJI drones. ## DJI Proposes USB Dongle to Reactivate Aeroscopes DJI recently introduced a USB dongle designed to be inserted into existing Aeroscope drone detection systems, enabling them to detect encrypted DJI drone signals. While this solution appears to restore functionality, it raises complex issues concerning conflicts of interest and potential national security risks, particularly regarding the involvement of the Chinese government. From malware to more extreme scenarios, there are very important reasons to be wary of utilizing USB devices. DJI’s alleged collaborations with the Chinese government and its allies, coupled with its dominant position in the global drone market, raise concerns about the possibility of government access or influence over DJI’s encryption and Aeroscope detection systems. The utilization of the USB dongle in an Aeroscope system prompts questions about its integrity and independence, both major red flags for systems that have been used for national security and critical infrastructure protection. The need for Aeroscope systems to use DJI’s USB dongle also raises the concern over dependence. Aeroscope already depends on DJI as its original manufacture. With the required additional aftermarket hardware, it proves even more just how reliant Aeroscope is on DJI and how susceptible Aeroscope users are to DJI decision making. Since DJI is requiring aftermarket parts for Aeroscope now, what is to say the same won’t be required again in the future. Additionally, any issues with the USB dongle, whether accidental or deliberate, could render the system ineffective and compromise security in the area. The implications of DJI’s encryption strategy extend beyond technical functionalities to encompass broader geopolitical and security considerations. The risk of malicious software exploiting vulnerabilities in systems in which the USB dongle is inserted, potential data breaches, and compromised airspace security underscores the urgent need for transparent and robust solutions in the drone detection landscape. For more technical information on Aeroscope systems and how they function, see our blog.   ## DJI Encryption Effects on Other Drone Detection Systems What if your system isn’t an Aeroscope and the use of the DJI USB dongle doesn’t apply to you? Are you home free? Definitely not. The effects of DJI’s drone encryption reaches far beyond only Aeroscope detection systems. Any system that previously took advantage of illegally intercepting DJI’s once-open transmissions must now decrypt and decode the drone/controller signal, which is a more clear wiretap violation and could lead to large fines and jail time. With DJI’s move to encrypting Aeroscope Remote Identification broadcasts of more than 70% of the world’s drone market, systems which rely on signal interception will become ineffective without hacking the signals which is no small feat. Other systems that rely on physical signal detection methods will maintain their ability to detect DJI and non-DJI drones, regardless of encryption.   ## Conclusion DJI’s decision to encrypt its drone signals, which claims to enhance privacy and security, and to require Aeroscope users to purchase and utilize DJI’s own aftermarket USB dongle, has triggered significant disruptions in the drone detection ecosystem. This move poses tangible national security risks such as unknowingly installing spyware/malware, interference from foreign parties, possible leaking of classified information from inside the system, and manipulation of detection zones. The encryption also renders many systems unusable that previously relied on intercepting the unencrypted drone signals. Stay proactive in safeguarding your airspace amidst DJI’s encryption of Aeroscope Remote Identification broadcasts. With many existing drone detection systems facing challenges, it’s crucial to explore solutions that aren’t affected by DJI’s encryption. By staying informed and taking action, you can avoid the risks associated with DJI’s encryption strategy and protect your business and property from potential threats. Learn more about systems that aren’t affected by DJI encryption. SHARE   Published by AeroDefense April 10, 2024 --- ## The World of Mobile Drone Detection URL: https://aerodefense.tech/the-world-of-mobile-drone-detection/   In an age where the sky is no longer the limit, our airspace has become a hub not just for traditional aircraft, but for drones as well. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have presented a unique set of challenges and opportunities across all industries. Among the most crucial responses to these challenges is the development of drone detection technology. The innovations of these systems ensure safety, security, and compliance in a world increasingly dotted with these high-tech flyers. ## **The Evolution of Airspace Security** To appreciate the significance of mobile drone detection, one must understand the landscape of aerial innovation and the corresponding need for regulation and oversight. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been pivotal in shaping the guidelines that keep the skies safe. Their recent Remote ID rule mandates drones in flight to broadcast identification and location information that anyone can receive. This rule is a game-changer for drone detection technology, ensuring that drones are not anonymous entities but identifiable and trackable machines. ## **What is Mobile Drone Detection?** At its core, mobile drone detection is a security solution that dynamically locates and identifies drones and their operators in real-time. Mobile drone detection technologies are key in a world where threats can come from anywhere at any time. While most systems are designed to be transported and then set up for static operation, the most advanced solutions, such as the AirWarden™ Mobile Sensor, offer the distinct capability to operate effectively while in motion. Detection in motion enables surveillance and provides real-time updates whether the system is mounted on a moving vehicle or carried by personnel and ensures continuous monitoring and protection during movement between locations or across wide areas. This continuous operation during motion is what sets apart the leading technologies in the field, offering an elevated level of security for critical missions. ## **The Technical Underpinnings** Mobile drone detection systems leverage an array of technological tools, from Radio Frequency (RF) analysis to advanced software that can differentiate between drone signals and other RF noise. These systems are designed to be rapidly deployable, with some setups taking just minutes to activate. They ensure that drones that are compliant with the FAA’s Remote ID rules, as well as those that may not broadcast as required or try to spoof their signals – are detected promptly, which provides a comprehensive security perimeter for these spry flyers. ## **Use Cases: Where Mobile Detection Makes a Difference** The FAA’s Remote ID rule is not a mere suggestion; it’s an imperative measure for airspace safety. Drone detection solutions that incorporate this rule can receive and interpret these ID broadcasts, offering a first line of defense against potential threats. These regulations help mobile drone detection systems to provide actionable intelligence, ensuring that drones are readily tracked. The versatility of mobile drone detection systems means they can be applied in an array of environments and industries. Here are some critical use cases where these systems prove indispensable: - ### **Public Safety and Event Security** From concerts to parades, large public events attract crowds — and potentially, unwanted drone activity. Whether to protect from a careless hobbyist’s faulty drone or a nefarious actor’s rogue drone, mobile drone detection systems can be set up to create a geofence around these events, ensuring any drone entering the space is immediately identified. - ### **Airport and Airspace Management** Worldwide, airports are no strangers to the chaos that a rogue UAV can cause, and arguably one of the most necessary areas for these technologies. With a fixed system acting as a first line of defense, mobile systems can be integrated into the already existing security to monitor for UAVs, ensuring they do not interfere with commercial flight paths and put passenger aircraft at risk. With some airports now even monitoring bird flight paths, you can be sure UAVs necessitate vigorous tracking, and mobile, on-the-move technologies can ensure this. - ### **Law Enforcement and Border Control** Law enforcement agencies and border control units face the task of monitoring expansive and often remote areas. Mobile drone detection allows for a more cost-efficient, expansive, and thorough tracking of drones used in illegal activities such as smuggling or surveillance. - ### **Wildlife and Environmental Monitoring** In the realm of wildlife and environmental protection, mobile drone detection systems are not only instrumental in combating illegal activities like poaching or unauthorized land exploitation but also play an important role in managing natural disasters such as wildfires. Drones, while useful for monitoring fire spread, can inadvertently interfere with aerial firefighting efforts if not properly coordinated. Mobile detection systems can swiftly identify and locate unauthorized drones that might disrupt firefighting aircraft, ensuring that these operations can proceed best to protect natural landscapes and wildlife from the ravages of uncontrolled fires. - ### **Critical Infrastructure Protection** Critical infrastructure, like power plants, water treatment facilities, and telecommunications hubs, are the backbone of national security and public welfare. Permanently installed fixed drone detection systems are becoming a needed standard for such high-security areas due to their constant monitoring capability and reliability. The added integration of mobile sensors can enhance these systems even more by covering blind spots and extending coverage – especially in areas difficult to monitor due to size and/or complexity. Mobile units can also quickly be deployed to address temporary needs – making security dynamic and fluid, ensuring protection from any drone-related threats of espionage, unauthorized surveillance, or sabotage. - ### **Urban Environment Drone Detection** Urban environments, with their unique landscape of high-rise buildings and dense RF noise, necessitate specialized drone detection solutions. RF technology, due to its ability to cut through urban interference without requiring a direct line of sight, is often the method of choice. Strategic sensor placement—on rooftops and intersections—optimizes coverage. Typically, a network of four to five sensors will suffice for a city block, but the exact number may vary with the area’s layout. For areas difficult to cover with fixed sensors, mobile units provide additional, flexible surveillance, adapting to the urban terrain and enhancing detection capabilities.   ## **Characteristics of Effective Mobile Drone Detection Technology** So, what makes effective mobile drone detection technology? Well, this tech should align with regulatory measures such as the FAA’s Remote ID rule, ensuring enhanced safety and security protocols. Then, if the drone is not compliant with the FAA’s Remote ID rule, still give the user the ability to locate and track. The badge of a proficient system lies in its intuitive operation, granting security teams access to a user-friendly interface coupled with a comprehensive toolkit for data analysis. Real-time tracking capabilities are paramount to state-of-the-art drone detection technologies. This feature allows security personnel to monitor the whereabouts of drones and their pilots through a centralized command console, with a data stream that can be archived and replayed for post-incident review, offering critical insights into security breaches and assisting with strategic security enhancements. Just as a music festival and a private residence have different security needs, a versatile mobile drone detection system also has a range of deployment options. From permanent installations for continuous monitoring to vehicles for event-specific use (such as boats), the system’s flexibility of being able to operate in motion allows it to be customized to the security needs of different arenas, just like the ones we spoke of above. Adaptability is essential in keeping pace with the dynamic and evolving nature of drone technology. The excellence of these technologies is measured by their promptness in detecting drones, analyzing, and filtering signals to confirm drone status, and accurately pinpointing their locations. When it comes to airspace security, premium drone detection technologies must be crafted to seamlessly incorporate into existing security frameworks to guarantee this. However, these drone security technologies should also be able to stand strong on their own – as independent operational capacity is what proves a system’s comprehensive nature. ## **The Future of Mobile Drone Detection** As the airspace becomes more populated with drones – regulations and ethics ebb and flow, and the need for drone detection systems only grows. Innovations in the field are rapidly evolving. Future developments in mobile drone detection are likely to focus on enhancing situational awareness even further. This could involve more sophisticated algorithms for distinguishing between different types of drones, improved integration with other security systems, and perhaps even AI-driven predictive analytics to anticipate unauthorized drone activity before it happens. As the technology matures, new use cases for mobile drone detection will emerge. This could range from environmental research, where drones are used to collect data on climate change, to urban planning, where UAVs may monitor traffic patterns and infrastructure development. In each case, mobile drone detection will serve as a guardian of the skies, ensuring these beneficial uses are not overshadowed by bad actors. ## **Preparing for Tomorrow’s Skies Today** Wrapping up our exploration of mobile drone detection, it’s clear that the right drone detection technology must not only tackle today’s challenges but also adapt to tomorrow’s regulations and threats. It must be agile, robust, and future-proof. The recent FAA Remote ID mandate is a leap forward for airspace safety, and it sets a benchmark for what effective drone detection should incorporate. A system that responds to this change proactively, offering real-time insights and versatile deployment, is not just meeting the current needs but is also geared for the future. In an airspace increasingly shared with drones, maintaining security is a dynamic challenge. Solutions that combine real-time detection and location tracking, compliance with regulatory mandates like the FAA’s Remote ID rule, and the flexibility to integrate with various security layers are vital. The goal is not just to keep up with the pace, but to set it – assuring that safety and security are never left to catch up. For those looking to stay ahead of the curve, discover how these technologies can secure your skies on our mobile drone detection system page. --- ## Common Types of Drones and How to Detect Them URL: https://aerodefense.tech/common-types-of-drones-and-how-to-detect-them/ Education is the first step in understanding drones and protecting yourself against possible misuses of this complex technology. In this guide, we will discuss the most common types of drones flown recreationally and commercially. We will provide benefits and disadvantages and give common uses for each. We will also talk about ways you can detect and track drones to help prevent accidents or even deter those with malicious intent from using this technology for harm.  ## **Types of Drones**  ### **Multi-Rotor** ###    The most common type of recreationally used drone, multi-rotor drones are an easy grab-and-fly option. Also known as rotary-wing drones, they are a favorite among novice pilots due to their versatility and stability. Usually one of the cheapest and most portable drone options, many use them for photography or land surveying.    Due to their multi-rotor design, these drones tend to consumer energy quicker than other drone types, leading to a shorter battery life (often less than 1 hour flight time). They also suffer from poor stability in windy conditions, slower top speeds, and lighter payload capacity due to their smaller and lighter frame.   ### **Fixed-Wing**  Fixed-wing drones have a more airplane-like design and flight path. A major advantage over multi-rotor drones is that fixed-wings are much more aerodynamic, allowing them to reach higher speeds and elevations. They are also much more stable in windy conditions and can carry larger payloads. These drones are most commonly used for large-scale aerial mapping, surveillance, and agriculture. Drawbacks to fixed-wings are their cost and complexity in piloting, requiring more precision and training. Due to their single or double rotor setup fixed to the rear, these drones also lose the capability of VTOL (Vertical Take Off and Landing), can’t hover, and require more space or runway for takeoff. ## **Single-Rotor Helicopter** ## These drones have much in common with actual helicopters, featuring one top-mounted rotor and a tail for stability. Single-rotor helicopter drones take many of the benefits of multi-rotor drones while increasing payload capacity, flight time, and speed. These drones often use gas-power motors instead of battery-powered, again leading to an increase in power. Single-rotor helicopter drones are usually used for Aerial LiDAR laser scanning.  Single-rotor helicopter drones are difficult to fly, often requiring pilots to be professionally trained. They also can be very expensive, especially gas-powered examples. They are also more dangerous than multi-rotor drones due to their heavier builds and more complex controls.  ### **Fixed-Wing Hybrid VTOL**  Last are fixed-wing hybrid Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) drones. These drones were designed to eliminate the drawback of fixed-wing drones needing a longer runway by incorporating technology from multi-rotors. Essentially a fixed-wing with VTOL capability, fixed-wing hybrid VTOL drones have incredibly long flight times, fast speeds, and have heavy maximum payload capacities. They are most often used for aerial mapping, utility inspection, and agriculture but might also be used for surveillance and search & rescue.  Although combining the benefits of multi-rotors and fixed-wings, a major drawback to fixed-wing hybrid VTOL drones is that they require extensive amounts of training and experience. Only the best of pilots can fly these complex UAVs. They are also often the most expensive drones on market.  ## **How to Detect Drones**  ### **1. Radio Frequency (RF) Technology**  RF technology is the most common way drones communicate with their operators. RF sensors listen for transmissions between the communication link of the drone and the pilot (controller), enabling the determination of both the drone’s location and the pilot’s whereabouts.  AeroDefense’s AirWarden™ uses an advanced version of RF spectrum sensing technology that scans the specific frequencies used by common commercial drones. Rather than analyze the drone/controller signal, AeroDefense’s AirWarden detects physical energy generated by frequency-hopping drones/controllers much like a Geiger-counter detects the presence of radioactive material.  ### **2. Radar**  Short for Radio Detection and Ranging, RADAR is similar to radio frequency technology. RADAR uses concentrated radio waves sent out that, when coming in contact with an object, are reflected back to the sensors. These sensors interpret the reflections to track the location and size of the object.  ### **3. Visual Tracking**  One of the weaker and more flawed drone detection methods, visual tracking uses PTZ cameras to locate and track drones visually. These cameras lock onto the GPS location of the drone and then follow it, similar to how a security camera might follow movement detected in an area. This drone detection method becomes flawed when anything in the environment changes, such as inclement weather or even time of day. ### 4. **Acoustic** This technology of drone detection is equally as flawed as visual tracking, and in some cases even more. Acoustic drone detection systems use high-powered microphones to pick up the sound emitted from drone engines/propellors. This data is then used to track the location and direction of travel of the drone. This method can be greatly impacted by environmental forces such as wind or rain. It also does not produce reliably accurate results in tracking the direction of travel of drones.  --- ## What is Drone Detection? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/what-is-drone-detection/ In a previous blog we covered why drones are such a big concern across many industries. The next logical question is what can be done about the threat and is it possible to prevent drone incursions? As the name suggests, drone detection is a technology designed to identify and pinpoint the presence of a drone or Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) through the utilization of electronic sensors and antennas. Various technologies contribute to this capability, such as Radio Frequency (RF), radar, Electro-Optical/Infrared(EO/IR), or acoustic systems. ## What About the Pilot/Controller? Most commercial Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) (the drone and its controller), including custom and kit drones, utilize various wireless communication protocols such as Wi-Fi, Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Wideband FM (WBFM), or proprietary methods. These communications primarily take place over Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands, with some operating in Amateur radio bands or LTE bands. In the typical communication flow, a drone controller transmits an uplink with control commands to the UAV. In response, the UAV sends a downlink carrying video and telemetry data back to the controller or connected device. This makes RF-based UAS detection technologies highly reliable and serves as the only method for detecting the pilot/controller as they can effectively detect both the uplink and downlink of UAS. Certain RF-based systems use the approach of decoding and demodulating the UAV’s downlink to pinpoint the location of both the UAV and the pilot. Watch: 3 Problems with Drone Detection Systems that Decode and Demodulate in 1 Minute   Alternatively, other RF-based systems employ location methods that adhere to Federal wiretapping laws, such as spectrum sensing, to identify the presence of both the UAV and its controller. In any case, since the pilot is the origin of potential threats, it becomes crucial to consistently and accurately detect and locate the pilot before their drone takes flight whenever possible. ## How Quickly Can A Drone Detection System Detect? #### RF-Based Systems: An RF-based system exhibits rapid detection, identifying the UAV and pilot controller as soon as they are activated, indicating the presence of the uplink, downlink, or both. Unlike other systems dependent on line of sight, the RF system operates effectively even without direct visibility to the target. However, it is noteworthy that environmental RF interference may potentially impede the speed of detection. #### Radar: Radar systems operate by detecting Radar Cross-Section (RCS), generated when the drone encounters RF pulses emitted by the radar. This necessitates the drone to be within the line of sight of the radar and continuously moving in one direction (typically approaching or departing). While radar systems swiftly detect the presence of a drone once it’s up in the air and moving, the time taken to determine its legitimacy is longer compared to RF-based systems. Advanced radar technologies leverage micro-doppler signatures from the rotating propellers of specific drone types, such as quadcopters. #### Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR): Similar to radar systems, an Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) system requires the drone to be within the line of sight. Environmental factors like extreme temperature, fog, or rain can influence the detection speed and reliability of an EO/IR system. #### Acoustic: Acoustic drone detection systems rely on unique sound signatures produced by the motors of a drone. The detection speed is mainly limited by the type of the drone, its environment and distance to the acoustic sensors. ## What Is The Range of A Drone Detection System? #### RF-Based Systems: The detection range of an RF-based system can be anywhere from several kilometers to tens of miles and is influenced by various factors, including the maximum signal strength of the UAV and its controller, frequency of the signal, surrounding RF environments and the specific RF technology deployed. Generally, a demodulation and decoding-based RF system is more susceptible to negative impacts from interference, resulting in a reduced range compared to a spectrum sensing-based RF system. Taking the DJI Phantom 4 as an example, a spectrum sensing based system can detect it at a range of approximately 5 km in a low-interference environment. In high-interference areas, such as urban settings, this range might decrease to 2-3 km for a spectrum sensing RF system. However, in such challenging conditions, the demodulation and decoding-based RF system will likely experience more substantial range loss, potentially leading to detection failures. #### Radar: Radar systems can effectively detect drones at distances ranging from hundreds of meters to several kilometers. The specific range achieved depends on variables like the size, material, and speed of the drone. Using the DJI Phantom 4 as a reference, a radar system usually has a detection range of around 1.5 km. #### Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR): The detection range of EO/IR systems is typically more limited compared to RF and radar systems, influenced by factors such as camera quality and prevailing weather conditions. A mid-range EO/IR drone detection system often has a detection range of 1.5 km. #### Acoustic: Acoustic sensors offer a maximum detection range less than 1 km, providing coverage within a constrained distance compared to other systems. The effectiveness of an acoustic sensor array can be impacted by factors such as background noise and wind direction, which may reduce the practical range in certain conditions. ## What Kind of Information Can A Drone Detection System Provide? #### RF-Based Systems: Be aware that some RF-based systems infringe on privacy laws by decoding and demodulating private UAV signals to extract sensitive information like the serial number or exact GPS coordinates, which violates Federal wiretapping laws. Legitimate RF-based systems compliant with regulations can provide the following information: - Target GPS estimation of UAV and controller - Speed - Heading - Distance - Bearing - Target manufacturer and model Since September 2022, drone manufacturers are required to comply with Remote ID, broadcasting identification messages from takeoff to shutdown, including but not limited to: - A unique identifier, - unmanned aircraft and control station coordinates - Their altitude, and velocity #### Radar: A radar-based system typically offers: - Position - Speed - Size estimation - Bearing - Altitude information of a drone Newer radar technologies may leverage micro-Doppler signatures, unique radar reflections caused by rotating drone components like propellers, providing additional insights into the type of drone. ### Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR): EO/IR systems primarily offer visual confirmation of a drone. To enhance capabilities, they are often integrated with other systems like RF or radar. These systems capture visual data enabling identification of: - Shape and size of the drone - Make/model - Payload - Flight pattern - Drone behaviors ### Acoustic: Acoustic drone detection systems provide azimuthal information on the incoming drone’s direction and its distance. Depending on unique sound signatures, they might also offer information on size or model. ## Should I Purchase a Layered System? The choice of drone detection technology depends on several factors, including your specific use case, the level of threat you’re addressing, budget considerations, and your acceptable risk tolerance. For detecting a majority of off-the-shelf drones and their controllers, an RF-based system proves highly effective. However, it’s important to note that some RF-based systems may rely on a product library that requires manual updates as new drones enter the market or might be limited to detecting drones from specific manufacturers. The acceptance of such limitations plays a crucial role in determining your risk tolerance. If your requirement extends to detecting radio-silent, fully autonomous drones, a combination of RF and radar systems is recommended. Additionally, integrating an Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) system can enhance the overall detection capabilities by providing visual information on the detected drone or the pilot located by the other systems. This multi-layered approach ensures a more comprehensive and adaptable drone detection solution tailored to diverse threat scenarios and operational needs. --- ## Drone Detection/Counter-UAS Terms and Definitions URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-counter-uas-terms-and-definitions/ Welcome to our quick guide on drone detection terminologies and definitions—a roadmap to navigate the evolving landscape of aerial security. As drones become increasingly ubiquitous, understanding the terminology surrounding their detection is crucial for ensuring safety, privacy, and security. From radar systems to acoustic sensors, this guide aims to demystify the jargon, providing clarity on the technologies and methodologies used to detect and mitigate potential drone threats in various environments. Whether you’re a security professional, a technologist, or someone intrigued by the fascinating world of drone detection, this compilation of terms will serve as an invaluable resource in deciphering this complex field. 124n System The Preventing Emerging Threats Act of 2018 provides DOJ and DHS with tailored legal waivers for DOJ, DHS, DOE and DOD (codified by US Code 6 Section 124n)  to mitigate credible drone threats to designated facilities and assets which would otherwise be prohibited by various federal laws. The Act was extended from original expiration of 9/30/2023 until 10/01/2024 Systems that require such authorization are considered 124n systems. Acoustic Sensor A sensor which is composed of a microphone and a processor to sense physical sound waves and determine if the sounds match sound patterns attributed to drones. Camera Electro-Optical (EO) A sensor which is composed of electronics to receive electromagnetic waves in the *visible* light spectrum. The light may be measured and evaluated if it matches patterns attributed to drones. Camera Infra-Red (IR) A sensor which is composed of electronics to receive electromagnetic waves in the *infrared* light spectrum. The light may be measured and evaluated if it matches patterns attributed to drones. Counter-UAS The term “counter-UAS” refers to the capability to lawfully and safely disable, disrupt, or seize control of an unmanned aircraft (UA) or unmanned aircraft system (UAS). Demodulation Demodulation is the process of extracting information contained within a modulated carrier wave. Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection systems that detect and track UAS by monitoring the communications passed between a UAS and its ground control station may implicate the Pen/Trap Statute and Wiretap Act. Drone Detection The general term which speaks to a technology or solution(s) that offer capabilities to detect, track, and/or identify a drone. FAA Remote ID broadcast The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Remote Identification (Remote ID) rule provides for identifying drones in flight and the location of their control stations, reducing the risk of them interfering with other aircraft or posing a risk to people and property on the ground. The rule provides crucial information to security, law enforcement, and other agencies charged with ensuring public safety. The rule applies to all drones that require FAA registration. The information required to be broadcast includes but is not limited to drone I.D. (serial number), drone location and altitude, pilot location, speed, and time mark. FAA enforcement for pre-existing drones to 12/16/2022 was extended from 9/16/2023 until 3/16/2024. Remote ID utilizes ASTM’s F3411-19 standard. Fixed Sensor A drone detection sensor that is permanently installed at a location. Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) A method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly changing the carrier frequency among many frequencies occupying a large spectral band. The changes are controlled by a code known to both transmitter and receiver. Many UAVs adopt frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technology to efficiently and securely communicate with their radio controllers (RCs) where the signal follows a hopping pattern to prevent harmful interference. Library based If a system relies on a product library, it must be manually updated when new drones hit the market and may not detect kit, custom drones used by nefarious actors. Mobile Sensor A drone detection sensor that can be moved from one location to another.  The sensor might operate while stationary, in-motion, or both. Omni-directional Commonly referring to transmitting signals in, or receiving signals from, any and all directions. (e.g., an omnidirectional antenna that disperses equal radio power in all directions). Radar Radar systems work by emitting short pulses of signal. Objects in the radar signal path reflect back to the radar antenna where they are measured to identify the nature of the object Radio Frequency (RF) An RF sensor works by passively listening to the Radio Frequency spectrums in which drones communicate with their controller. The most common bands of communication are the 2.4 GHz and the 5.8 GHz bands. RF Direction Finding Radio receiver and antenna systems for determining the direction of the source of a radio signal. Sensor Network A network of sensors which work together to detect, track, and/or identify drones. The sensors may be the same or different types. small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) The Department of Defense often refers to commercial type drones as sUAS to differentiate between larger drone types. Spectrum Sensing Spectrum sensing is a technique for monitoring the local electromagnetic spectrum. This can be used by RF sensors to monitor the environment for changes and determine if the spectrum is being utilized by signals associated with drones. Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Also known as a drone, refers to a combination of components such as an unmanned aircraft, a ground-based controller, and a system of communication between the two. These systems can be remotely piloted or autonomous, and they often carry sensors, cameras, or other payloads for various purposes like surveillance, data collection, photography, or even delivery. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) A specific type of aircraft that operates without a human pilot onboard. Often referred to as a drone, UAVs can be remotely controlled by a human operator or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or dynamic automation systems. --- ## Drone Remote ID App vs Remote ID Receiver URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-remote-id-app-vs-remote-id-receiver/ In this blog, AeroDefense Chief Operating Officer, Taylor Sinatra, answers a few questions about the differences between a Remote ID app and a Remote ID receiver. If you are unfamiliar with the Federal Aviation Administration’s Remote Identification (Remote ID) rule, check out our quick guide blog. ## **Are there apps for Remote ID drone detection?** A few Remote ID detection apps available as of October 2023 produced mixed test results. Generally the Remote ID apps failed to pick up my test drones (Mavic Pro 3 and Parrot Anafi) when they flew a few feet away from the phone with a clear line of sight. I was able to get an occasional detection when I hovered at my takeoff point only a couple feet away from my phone. The apps available are all rated very poorly with consistent reviews stating the apps simply don’t work. ## **Will Remote ID Apps tell me everything I need to know?** Most apps claim to display all the Remote ID data in a live stream with minor variations amongst apps. The refresh rate never seemed to meet the Remote ID broadcast standard of 1Hz, or one broadcast per second. I observed mostly failure to detect, with occasional detection delays as I tested using a Pixel 6 with no other apps in use. Essentially I tested the Remote ID apps specifically, not how they performed if I multitasked and used the phone for other purposes as well. The user interfaces in the apps varied in performance and ease of use (I relied on screenshots from the app description for those that failed completely). Fundamentally, they claim to tell you when a drone is in the area, though I did not fully test the range nor their capacity to detect and track multiple drones simultaneously as none actually performed as advertised. ## **What use cases are a good fit for Remote ID apps?** Remote ID apps are a good fit for lab or field tests and to ensure your own drone is Remote ID compliant, though I wouldn’t necessarily say it’s non-compliant if the apps don’t detect it. Remote ID apps can validate the drone data transmission and accuracy. ## **What are the benefits of using a dedicated Remote ID receiver over an app?** ***Speed and Range:*** When the app detected a drone, it required the app to be active on my phone, exhibited noticeable delays and lost data. The phone app fails at critical points if it were to be used for security purposes. Operators’ phones detection ranges and results will vary by manufacturer and on where the phone is located, plus they didn’t detect reliably even in ideal conditions. For example, a patrol vehicle operator who drives around a facility will experience reduced performance because the vehicle itself interferes with reception. Better apps can and will likely be made that don’t require the operator to actively use the app at all times and are compatible with enough personal devices to be viable. However, they can never correct for the fact that these devices were not designed for long range WiFi and Bluetooth connections which is how the Remote ID broadcasts work. Cell phones’ smaller integrated antennas will be near the person using it and typically aren’t designed for 24/7 outdoor use. *Line of Sight & Persistence:* The phone will never have reliable clear line of sight for optimal detection range, nor will they be operating 24/7. For true security needs, a dedicated receiver mounted on top of nearby infrastructure will substantially and consistently outperform a cell phone with a Remote ID app. --- ## A Quick Guide to Remote ID Drone Detection URL: https://aerodefense.tech/a-quick-guide-to-remote-id-drone-detection/ In this Quick Guide to Remote ID Drone Detection we’ll get you up to speed on what Remote ID is and how Remote ID is changing the drone detection game. ## **What is Remote ID? ** To enhance airspace security, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) mandated Remote Identification (ID) which requires all drones in flight to provide identification and location information that can be received by other parties. Remote ID is essentially a drone license plate, but the drone’s owner may not be directly listed in the information broadcast. To protect the privacy of the drone operator, either a serial number or session ID is broadcast. Authorized individuals from public safety organizations can contact the FAA to get the pilot’s information. At the time this article was published there is no additional information on who is considered an authorized individual. ## **When Does Remote ID Take Effect? ** Drones manufactured after December 16, 2022 must include Remote ID capability. Existing drones must be compliant either through updates or broadcast modules by September 16, 2023. Any drones under 250 grams do not currently need to comply with Remote ID requirements ## **What Are the Types of Remote ID?** **Standard** Standard Remote ID is when the capability is built into the drone from the manufacturer. Standard Remote ID drones should not be able to fly when the Remote ID transmission is not functioning. **Broadcast** Broadcast is a drone that has an external broadcast module equipped to be Remote ID compliant. For example, this could be an older drone which cannot simply receive a software update to become compliant. There are operating limitations when using this style of Remote ID when compared to standard. Those limitations are surrounding Operations Over People (OOP) and beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS). Broadcast drones are not allowed to operate Beyond Visual Line Of Sight, whereas standard Remote ID drones can apply for a waiver for BVLOS operations. Drones with broadcast modules can only meet some aspects of the OOP categories therefore they are limited in their ability for operations over people. Drones with the broadcast module are typically able to function when Remote ID is not functioning properly. These types of drones might be a popular choice among nefarious drone pilots. **FRIA** FAA Recognized Identification Areas (FRIA) are the only legal locations to operate drones without Remote ID broadcasting elements. An example of this would be a local field that is designated for radio-controlled flight. These are in low risk areas and a known spot where planes and drones are operated. The FAA estimates that there will be 4000 FRIAs across the US. ## ***What Information is Broadcast?*** Standard Remote ID drones broadcast the Drone ID, Location, Altitude, Velocity, Control station Location and elevation, Time Mark, and Emergency Status. Drones with a Remote ID Broadcast Module Drone ID, Location, Altitude, Velocity, Takeoff Location and Elevation, and Time Mark. The primary difference between the standard Remote ID and broadcast Remote ID is the controller location. Standard Remote ID dynamically updates the location of the Ground Control Station (GCS) during the flight, whereas a broadcast module will only broadcast the location from which the drone took off. While this is usually the location of the controller, it will be different if the pilot moves while operating the drone. Drone ID is a unique identifier for the drone. Standard Remote ID Drones may choose whether to use the drone’s serial number or a session ID while Broadcast modules broadcast the module’s serial number. The drone’s serial number can be used to identify the make and model of the drone through the FAA Declaration of Compliance list. Currently the FAA says, “The session ID will be uniquely identifiable such that law enforcement and the FAA can correlate each session ID to a specific drone’s serial number, but this ability will not be publicly available. The FAA is developing a strategy for assignment of session ID to drone pilots and will consider existing policies when developing the session ID policy. In addition, the FAA will seek public comment on the session ID policy prior to finalizing it.” When registering a Remote ID enabled drone on the FAA Drone Zone you are prompted to enter the Remote ID serial number, which will allow for tracking who is piloting which drone through the FAAs database. It has not been determined whether this will be public information or only available upon request to the FAA. ### ***Who Can Receive It?*** Anyone can receive the Remote ID broadcast. It is publicly available and can be seen with a receiver. Looking up drone IDs and session IDs to identify the name of the pilot must be done by a “person of authority” and by contacting the FAA. Again, what constitutes a “person of authority” has not yet been clearly defined. ## **What Drones & Devices are Currently Capable of Transmitting on Remote ID?** The list of drones and modules that are in compliance with the FAA Remote ID requirements can be found here. As new drones are manufactured, they are added to the list. Some drones currently on that list are DJI Mavic 3 series, DJI Avita, DJI Agras T30 & T40, Autel Dragonfish Series, Autel Evo II series, Parrot Anifi AI. Some Broadcast modules are Drone Tag, Bluemark DB200 and others. These modules can be integrated with drones to make older drones compliant with Remote ID. ## **Is Remote ID a Replacement for More Advanced RF Drone Detection?** With Remote ID now in effect, a majority of drone-related issues are expected to stem from pilots who are broadcasting a Remote ID signal. This makes Remote ID drone detection a highly effective solution for organizations. By identifying and tracking these drones, organizations can quickly address potential security risks and enforce compliance. Any organization who is seeing drones overhead not broadcasting Remote ID might have a deeper issue and require more advanced systems. ## **How does Remote ID Change AeroDefense’s AirWarden System?** All AirWarden systems receive Remote ID broadcasts. AeroDefense offers drone detection solutions that not only receive Remote ID broadcasts but also detect drones not broadcasting a Remote ID signal. [   --- ## Drone Response Tactics for Correctional Facilities URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-response-tactics-for-correctional-facilities/ One of the primary objectives of a drone detection system is to prevent contraband deliveries by drone. But this doesn’t happen without swift and consistent personnel response to system alerts to serve as a deterrent. Arriving at your response tactics is a process. Drone detection objectives and desired outcomes should be fully explored before technology deployment because they will drive how the technology should be configured and deployed. ## Is it more important to locate the pilot or the drone? When a facility detects drone and/or controller (pilot) signals, is the priority to find and confiscate the drone and its payload or to apprehend the pilot? The immediate need to prevent the contraband from entering the facility must be balanced with the need to disrupt the larger contraband supply chain. Whatever the priority, the facility must determine how and which personnel will respond to drone incidents. ## Should response tactics always be the same? Response tactics may vary by time of day. For example, if there is an incident while inmates are outside in the yard, the warden may put the facility on lockdown until a search including rooftops has been completed. Facilities may vary response tactics and add resources if there is advance intel that a drone drop is scheduled. Drone pilots tend to operate as far away from the facility as possible and often test facility response when they know drone detection systems are in place. With advance knowledge, mobile drone detection assets can be deployed to track pilots outside the system’s detection range. ## Who responds to drone incidents? Once the response priorities are set, a facility examines the resources available and determines who is best to respond under what circumstances. If the facility has a response or special operations team available 24/7, it is important to evaluate whether their typical response time is within the window to react to drone incidents. Some drone deliveries may be quick single-drone, single deliveries while others may be sophisticated operations with lookout and decoy drones running multiple large-scale deliveries. Some correctional facility staff are peace officers and can arrest contraband pilots themselves while others need to rely on local law enforcement to find and apprehend the pilots. Facilities with K-9 teams may dispatch the dogs to track the drugs and a separate team to track and apprehend the pilot. There is no one-size-fits-all response strategy. Each facility must consider different scenarios, determine their goals and objectives, and then configure the system to support accordingly. ## Who gets access to the system? While who gets access to the system seems a simple decision, several complexities drive the final decision. If the facility staff is suspected of corruption, the drone detection system presence may not even be made known to staff. Or if a facility is severely under-staffed, as many are these days, alerts can be instead provided to the warden, a trusted employee, a regional command, or even local law enforcement. Secondary alerts ensure the system cannot be “turned off” temporarily for a drone delivery. Facilities may opt to provide direct law enforcement notifications, or the facilities may want their staff to investigate and call in law enforcement when necessary. ## What to do when a drone is detected? When a drone detection alert is received, whoever is responsible to dispatch a response team should carefully review the system to assess the threat situation. For example, if the drone has not crossed into the facility property, they may want to simply monitor. A facility’s pan, tilt, zoom cameras can be used to visually confirm the drone and/or pilot location to help guide the response team dispatched by the command center. During initial system deployment it is critical to work closely with the team who monitors the system to establish a process to investigate signals before a response team is dispatched. Facilities located in suburban neighborhoods where kids or realtors fly drones, near farmers who fly drones to check on crops or even near a recreational flight club should establish at what distance from the facility they want to receive drone detection alerts. Drones are notoriously difficult to see with the human eye so just because staff cannot see a drone, they should not assume it is not there. At night, contraband drone pilots often tape the lights to avoid visual detection which makes them all the more difficult to see. ## What information should I collect as evidence? A drone detection system will automatically collect and store information such as the date and time both devices were detected and where they traveled. According to a federal advisory on drone detection technology use, systems cannot extract the drone’s make/model and serial number as this violates federal wiretapping laws. A drone detection system that records the User Interface during an incursion and collects information that can be evaluated and used in reporting afterwards is beneficial in many ways. - An export of the playback video in a non-proprietary format may be needed for court proceedings. - Incident reports can be crucial for prosecution and response planning improvement. - Other reports can be used to discover trends such as common days/times for attempted contraband deliveries. We are not legal experts on drone and pilot confiscation/apprehension. The actions you can take will vary by state and local laws and where your facility is located. You need to consider whether you can legally confiscate the drone once it has been recovered. ## In summary Facilities that deployed drone detection coupled with solid response tactics that have led to disrupted drone deliveries have seen complete cessation of drone contraband deliveries. Drone pilots have been arrested with regular delivery route books which indicates that rather than risk contraband confiscation and arrest, they can simply avoid facilities that have deployed drone detection systems. A drone detection system is the foundation to prevent contraband deliveries. However, prevention relies on a solid process that includes proper configuration, calibration and response tactics. Do not wait to determine how you will respond to drone detection system alerts after you have already deployed a technology. Drone detection objectives may vary by facility, region, relationship with local law enforcement, and other factors. Priorities, tactics, and response protocols for pilot/controller apprehension also will drive how technology should be configured and deployed. --- ## Drone Threats at Correctional Facilities URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-threats-at-correctional-facilities/ Correctional institutions face a constant battle to limit the flow of contraband into their facilities. Traditionally, contraband has been smuggled into prisons by corrections staff, visitors, “throw-overs” and through the mail. As soon as one delivery method is stopped, criminal organizations immediately find new methods and technologies to meet illicit demand. As a result, drones are used more than ever before to deliver large amounts of contraband directly to inmates because they are cost effective, efficient, and offer the pilot/offender a chance of anonymity. Since state and local corrections departments are not legally authorized to mitigate or intercept drones, their efforts to stem the tide of contraband must rely on consistent identification of, and swift response to, drone incursions. Contraband introduced into prisons ranges from nuisance items such as radios, pornography and cash to dangerous items such as drugs, phones, escape tools and weapons that comprise inmate and corrections officer safety. The use of drones to deliver contraband is a fairly straightforward endeavor. Sometimes drone pilots will actually advertise themselves on Craigslist. A drone is purchased and outfitted with a payload release mechanism which is easily purchased online for less than $40. The attachment consists of a simple mechanism that retains the package until the unit’s remote control is activated to release the payload. The amount of contraband that can be delivered depends on the specific drone’s payload capacity, flight distance and flight conditions. Mini drones such as the DJI Mini 2 have a payload of .5 pounds and a stated battery life of 31 minutes.  In reality, however, the flight time drops to around 5 minutes when flown at full speed. Hobby drones are the next size up and range in payload capacities of 2 pounds for the DJI Mavic Pro to 9 pounds for the DJI Inspire 2. Professional drones move closer to the heavy lift category. For example, the DJI Matrice 600 Pro and OnyxStar HYDRA-12 can exceed payload capacities of 15 pounds. Once the desired payload has been determined, the operator simply calculates the capacity and flight time to ensure a successful contraband drop. More often this is done with test flights. A Glock 42 polymer .380 handgun weighs 12 ounces unloaded. Add 6 rounds in the magazine and 1 in the barrel and the guns tip the scales at 14.4 ounces.  If the criminal is using a DJI Phantom 4 drone, they can reasonably deliver a Glock 42, a Unihertz Jelly Pro 4G phone with charger and 2 pounds of marijuana, rolling papers and lighters for a $2,000 investment in the drone equipment. With extra batteries the operator can fly multiple missions in an hour. The operator will position themselves in an inconspicuous location near the correctional facility that will support the number of deliveries desired, ensure the battery won’t die mid-operation, and of course, provide a fast exit route if discovered. Where the operator drops the contraband inside the facility will be coordinated with the inmate in charge of the operation. Operators can drop the package in a remote corner of the yard at night, and the intended inmate or corrupt staff will know to go straight there. Corrections officers conduct sweeps before inmate release, but those patrols have varying efficacy. If the intended recipient does not get to the contraband first, then fights may ensue to control the contraband’s distribution within the facility. With well-trained pilots, drone deliveries can also be coordinated to drop the package directly into an inmate’s hands in broad daylight to ensure accurate delivery. While the premise of drone-borne contraband is simple, the mechanics of flying a garbage bag full of contraband by drone is actually quite challenging. The added weight causes erratic drone behavior especially if there is wind and drains the battery faster than a pilot may anticipate which can cause drone and payload crashes onto roofs, into fences or, in some instances, they never make it out of the woods in which they are operating because the payload becomes tangled in a tree branch. If successful, the drone operator positions the drop over the delivery area, releases the contraband and flies back for a rapid getaway or additional delivery flights. Operations may include multiple drone pilots for simultaneous or consecutive deliveries or decoy or lookout drones to watch for response unit activity on-site or even at the warden’s residence or local law enforcement offices. A few clever pilots who know that some drone detection systems only detect DJI drones have taken to flying waterproof drones which they land in a nearby pond after the drop for later recovery. It’s simply not enough to rely on training corrections officers to spot incoming drones. The truth is drones are often confused as birds, planes, or other aircraft and can pretty quickly introduce harmful contraband. Furthermore, drone operators may try to overwhelm corrections staff by flying multiple drones at a time, and pilot(s) are likely to return if not caught on the first attempt. One of the primary objectives of a drone detection system is to prevent contraband deliveries. A system that offers a high-confidence level alert of drone and pilot location, no matter the manufacturer or type and when the devices are still at ground-level, can prompt appropriate prison actions such as prison lockdowns. Swift and consistent response serves as a deterrent for criminals attempting contraband deliveries. --- ## Corrections Drone Detection: How to Prevent Drone-Borne Contraband URL: https://aerodefense.tech/corrections-drone-detection-how-to-prevent-drone-borne-contraband/ Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, pose a significant threat to our nation’s correctional facilities because they enable criminals to circumvent screening processes and deliver contraband to inmates over prison walls. Drone detection solutions deliver early warning of drone activity and provide actionable intelligence that corrections staff and law enforcement can use to respond quickly and effectively to drone threats. The objective of this series is to educate corrections leadership and staff to the ways criminal organizations are leveraging the latest technologies and best practices to introduce contraband into secure environments. The threat is growing, and corrections leaders and investigators must adopt the most effective countermeasures if they hope to turn the tide. --- ## Drone Detection Technology for Correctional Facilities URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-technology-for-correctional-facilities/ Before evaluating or purchasing drone detection technology, it’s important to define needs. Different facilities face different risks, and a single facility’s risk can change with as little as an inmate population change. Drone detection sensor type and configuration depends in large part on the risk assessment for each facility but let’s face it, budget is always a challenge. For example, super-max facilities housing the most violent offenders present a different, much higher risk profile related to drone-borne contraband deliveries than low, medium or juvenile facilities. Because of the super-max facility’s heightened security concerns, they may determine they need a permanently installed full coverage, radio frequency, radar with integrated pan-tilt-zoom camera multi-layer deployment that extends pretty far beyond the prison grounds. Lower level facilities may only need airspace awareness and a proximity alert that a drone has crossed the boundary into the facility. The drone contraband risk profile for a low or medium housing facility can vary by the inmate population itself which can change quickly when a high-level gang member transfers into a facility. A low-medium facility’s ***need*** ***may*** ***switch*** from simple airspace awareness when a drone crosses the facility boundary to the need to detect and locate multiple drones and pilots. ## **Drone Detection Sensor Types** The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) divides the four (4) drone detection sensor types into two (2) categories: Primary and Secondary. According to the FAA, “Primary detection sources are those sensors that have a greater level of system autonomy, providing alerts to be generated upon a detection, prompting further investigation by the detection system operator.” In other words, primary sensors are able to detect drones with high enough accuracy and low enough false alarm rates to operate as standalone solutions. That is, they do not require data from other sensor types in order to validate their detections. ### Primary Sensors - Radar - Radio Frequency (RF) Secondary sensors need additional data from other sensor types in order to accurately detect drone threats. These additional sensor types can be used to enhance the accuracy of – or provide more detail about – drone threats, but they should not be used as a standalone system. ### Secondary Sensors - Acoustic - Camera/infrared **Sensor Type** **Pros** **Cons** Camera/IR (Secondary) - Easily acquire visual evidence - Must be combined with another detection method to guide camera angle - Requires line of sight Acoustic (Secondary) - Does not require line of sight - Must be combined with another detection method - High false positive rate in noisy urban environments - Very short range due to ambient noise Radar (Primary) - Detects radio-silent drones - Detects anything that moves, therefore a high false positive rate in a busy environment - Requires line of sight RF (Primary) - Only solution that can reliably detect both controller and drone - Does not require line of sight - Systems must be configured to filter out ambient RF signals - Can have high false alarm rate in busy environments #### Camera/IR (Secondary) Because drones are so difficult to see, most cameras have a fairly short range of under 300 meters and require some primary alert system to notify the operator of drone presence. Cameras coupled with Artificial Intelligence to detect drones work well on a blue-sky clear background. Once the drone moves to a cluttered background such as trees or buildings, the systems struggle substantially. Weather and lighting conditions can adversely affect camera operations. Once the sun goes down, infrared camera capability would be required to see anything typically outside a prison boundary. Inside, of course, it’s still bright enough to see day or night. Since most existing camera networks are pointed to the ground, they will not be very helpful to see drones in the air and should not be used as a standalone drone detection system. One way to leverage existing camera networks to get eyes on the pilot is for an RF or radar drone detection sensor to automatically tell a Pan, Tilt, and Zoom (PTZ) camera where to point to see both the drone and the pilot either in real-time or video review. #### **Acoustic (Secondary)** Trains, buses, jack-hammers and everything in between generate noise that hides drone sounds. Even in quiet areas the acoustic detection range is very short, so the technology does not seem feasible for drone detection at a corrections facility. #### **Radar (Primary)** Radar detects non-RF drones. While the vast majority of drones on the market use RF, some drones can operate without RF communication, and well-informed contraband delivery operators may use shields to attempt to mask the RF signals. Radar detection is a transmitting technology so facilities must ensure the radars will not interfere with any other equipment. The facility must apply for the proper authorizations to deploy transmitting radar technology. Radar requires line of sight which can make sensor placement at a corrections facility a challenge. Birds, plastic bags and even wind that makes tree branches move and flags fly briskly can be a source for radar false alarms. When radar and RF are combined, they can complement each other. Radar can detect non-RF drones and the RF system can detect and locate the pilot and drones potentially before take-off. Each system can validate the other’s detections to reduce false positives. #### **RF (Primary)** RF sensors emerged as the leading drone detection technology because they are the only type that reliably detects both the controller and drone, require little maintenance and operate in all weather conditions. Since RF-based systems operate in different ways, there are several important considerations to determine which system will be the best fit for your facility. Here are a few key questions to help you evaluate: Drone and Controller Detection Information - **Can the system detect and locate multiple drones and pilots simultaneously?** Sophisticated contraband delivery operations use lookout and decoy drones while the delivery is underway. - What kinds of drone manufacturers does the system detect? Facilities can no longer assume all drone pilots fly DJI drones. According to a recent report, DJI continues to lose market share and now only claims 54%, 15 points less than the previous year. - **Does the system rely on a product library?** If a system relies on a product library, it must be manually updated when new drones hit the market and will not detect kit, custom drones used by nefarious actors. Alerts - **How quickly will the system alert me to drone activity?** Some RF-based drone detection systems can alert as soon as the drone is turned on and establishes a connection with the controller to provide security teams maximum response time. If a response team acts quickly enough, they may be able to stop the operation before it even happens. Some contraband pilots will test security responses ahead of time which presents an opportunity to deter them away from a facility. - **Can I change my alert zone to only alert my facility when drones/controllers are within a certain distance?** Some facilities may not want to know when the farmer nearby is flying their drone. A system configurable alert zone offers flexibility. - **How many false alarms can I expect?** Some RF-based systems have high false alarm rates that can lead to staff desensitization. For an RF-based system to be effective it must filter out ambient RF signals. Vendors should work closely with a facility before, during, and after the system is deployed to help properly calibrate the system. Deployment - **Are the sensor electronics and antenna separated?** If the sensor and antenna are not separated, deployment options are limited and could be more costly. Heavy equipment mounted at the top of poles causes wind load concerns. - **Does the system use one sensor type to detect and locate or one sensor that detects and another that locates?** Systems that use disparate sensor types suffer from a single point of failure if the single detector sensor type is disabled or goes offline. Legality - Will the system give me the drone’s serial number? While this is not the only question regarding system legality, it is the easiest way to determine if a drone detection system violates federal surveillance laws today. Currently, no drone detection system can legally extract this information from the drone signal. When the FAA’s Remote ID rule compliance date arrives, a unique identifier for the drone, among other device information, will be publicly broadcast. But it is unlikely contraband pilots will use drones that comply. --- ## To Mitigate, or Not to Mitigate Drones…Should That Be the Question? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/to-mitigate-or-not-to-mitigate-dronesshould-that-be-the-question/ If you’re reading this then you’re most likely in one of two camps when it comes to drone mitigation (taking a drone out the sky). Either you want to get your hands on this technology or you want absolutely nothing to do with it. Mitigation technology is commonly referred to as counter Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (cUAS) technology. Most who want to use cUAS technology to mitigate drones don’t have and cannot obtain the authority to do so. One of the first things I hear when speaking with state, local, and private entities who are not informed on the current regulatory environment is that they will just shoot the drone down or wait for the laws to change. While this stance often gets a few chuckles, mitigation risk in most environments explains why state, local, and private entities cannot mitigate and likely won’t be able to do so any time soon. Read on to learn more about kinetic and non-kinetic mitigation technology and a safer, more effective approach to drone mitigation. ## Kinetic Mitigation A small number of Federal agencies can apply for legal waivers to destroy or take over drone control during national security interest level events or specific critical infrastructure locations. Kinetic mitigation, or physical interdiction, is one of the most expensive and least effective methods as drones are small, agile targets and extremely hard to hit with ballistics or capture with nets. Kinetic mitigation usually involves a ballistic resource being used to damage or destroy the drone, i.e. bullets, missiles, other drones fired at the target drone. With ballistic intervention, the drone is unpredictable and can crash, explode, or attempt to return to launch when hit. Ballistics can create collateral damage whether they hit their target or not. The kinetic mitigation scenario uncertainty creates an extremely risky situation, especially as the person who mitigates the drone becomes liable for any damage or harm caused by the mitigation. Another form of kinetic mitigation is capture. Many capture systems attempt to ensnare the drone’s propellers to disable but not destroy. These snares can be launched from a gun,    suspended from a drone, or shot from a gun on a drone. Typically, the idea is to capture the drone for evidence and quickly disarm it as a threat. From my experience at multiple government-organized test events, the net capture method is far from reliable and doesn’t alleviate mitigation liability concerns. ## Non-Kinetic Mitigation Since kinetic mitigation is reserved for a select few Federal agencies and even those with authority can only exercise it in certain circumstances, you may be wondering about non-kinetic mitigation. Some non-kinetic mitigation techniques share similar collateral damage concerns with kinetic mitigation, and just as many concerns about what happens after you mitigate the drone. The more extreme non-kinetic options, lasers and electromagnetic pulses (EMPs), are being tested even though their usage carries serious consequences. While jamming a drone’s control signal to send it back to its launch point is less extreme than launching missiles or lasers at it, liability concerns remain. When someone jams or hacks into a drone signal to take control, that person, the remote pilot in command, assumes responsibility for the drone’s actions and consequences. Because most technologies that can jam a drone can also interfere with emergency calls, networks and first responder equipment they are prohibited in the US. ## A Safer Form of Mitigation For many legitimate safety reasons, no one besides four federal agencies can mitigate a drone in flight. The liability if a civilian were injured or killed by a “mitigated” drone is too great. This may come as a surprise because security teams and law enforcement need a way to combat increasing drone threats. The good news is they can. The safest, and arguably most effective way to mitigate drone threats is to prevent them in the first place by finding the pilot before takeoff to prevent incidents. Drone detection systems provide security teams and law enforcement an incoming drone early warning and additional situational awareness with actionable information about the pilot’s location. Most drone pilots are not aware they are a threat since they are most likely clueless or careless and just need to be asked to land their drone. Those pilots with ill intent will likely not attempt an attack without practice or a dry run days or weeks in advance to determine the best attack plan and to gauge the security response. When security forces don’t respond, the nefarious pilot may feel inspired and confident their attack will succeed. When a drone detection system enables security teams to rapidly and consistently respond, a nefarious pilot who passes themselves off as clueless, harmless pilots, may be discouraged and cancel their plans altogether. Of course, due diligence and background checks on the individuals is an easy tool for law enforcement to evaluate who is who. When security personnel can find the pilot and mitigate the person, preventing the drone from launching, they won’t need to worry about kinetic/non-kinetic mitigation techniques. So, “To Mitigate, Or Not To Mitigate Drones” shouldn’t really be the question unless 1) you are one of the four Federal agencies with the authority to request legal waivers to do so or 2) you consider mitigation in the sense of finding the drone’s pilot. --- ## A Technical Perspective on DJI’s Aeroscope Drone Detection Solution URL: https://aerodefense.tech/a-technical-perspective-on-djis-aeroscope-drone-detection-solution/ The Aeroscope Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection solution is a product of Da Jiang Innovation (DJI), a popular drone manufacturer headquartered in Shenzhen, China. DJI as a company faces much controversy in the US dating back several years. In August 2017, the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency said it suspected DJI was “providing US critical infrastructure and law enforcement data to the Chinese government.” That same month the US Army banned its troops from using DJI drones due to cybersecurity concerns. Over the years more bans and warnings on DJI drones from federal agencies followed. US critical infrastructure sites who have deployed China’s Aeroscope attempt to reduce their cyber-risk in various ways we will explore in this article. ## How does the Aeroscope drone detection system work? The Aeroscope decodes and demodulates RF signals in the area and reads the drone’s signal content. Communications between specific DJI model drones and their controllers are reported to the end user via the User Interface (UI). Information such as serial number, GPS location, and altitude of the drone are read directly from the signal and rely on the accuracy of the drone in order to be accurate. The demodulation approach violates federal surveillance laws. ## What do vendors mean when they say they “replace”  Aeroscope drone detection software? Detection systems contain two software layer types: 1) detection/location functions and 2) UI/alerts. Many Aeroscope resellers in the market customize the Aeroscope UI to give a different user experience to end customers than what they would see on an Aeroscope purchased from a different reseller. When a vendor “replaces” Aeroscope software, they replace the UI layer and leave key components written by DJI untouched, such as the detectors and the code that reads signal content. If the detector code is modified by the reseller, that modification will likely violate any privacy agreement between the drone pilot and DJI that resellers claim excludes them from legal action for reading private communications without authorization. Frankly, if the reseller can write drone detection code, why do they require Chinese hardware to demodulate the signals rather than readily available hardware from non-adversarial countries? Before deploying an Aeroscope, it would be wise to involve your legal team since DJI directly states on their website, “Drone identification technologies are nascent and may be subject to various laws and regulations that continue to evolve. It is the customer’s responsibility to comply with any applicable laws concerning the use of Aeroscope within the jurisdiction(s) of operation.” ## How accurately does Aeroscope track drones? Aeroscope tracking accuracy varies significantly from none available to very accurate tracking information depending upon the drone and the flight environment in question. Aeroscope requires a few criteria to be met before it can provide the location of a drone. The drone must: - Be made by DJI - Be equipped with a GPS - Have a stable GPS signal lock - Be continuously transmitting its GPS coordinates There are a few problems with these criteria, respectively: - DJI’s market share continues to decline in favor of brands like Autel and Skydio, especially in the US. - The locationing capabilities of the system rely on the drone’s GPS accuracy. If the drone does not have a GPS, Aeroscope cannot track it. - GPS signal lock is required for the drone to know where it is. Aeroscope defaults to lat/long of 0/0 which places devices just off the Nigerian coast. - The drone must continuously transmit its GPS coordinates for Aeroscope to track it. Many things affect the GPS accuracy on the drone such as the physical environment, hardware and current RF noise. Additionally, it’s not difficult to stop or modify the transmitted GPS location of the drone which presents disinformation to the end user. ## Are the signals encrypted? In the midst of controversy about Aeroscope use in the Ukraine-Russia war, a DJI spokesperson revealed that Aeroscope signals aren’t actually encrypted. The spokesperson said his research and development contacts in China repeatedly told him the signals were encrypted, but when he pressed DJI senior managers, they admitted the signals are not actually encrypted. DJI has since halted shipments of all products to Russia and Ukraine. ## How can Aeroscope Drone Detection be defeated? The simplest way to defeat an Aeroscope is to fly any drone that isn’t manufactured by DJI. With the recent media attention surrounding the use of Aeroscope in the Ukraine-Russia war, there is a heightened awareness that the Aeroscope only detects DJI drones. The title of an article on DroneDJ’s website says it all – Could Russian use of Aeroscope drive Ukraine pilots from DJI drones? What about nefarious drone pilots in the US? Well, AeroDefense sees delivery pilots choose drones like Autel when they think or know a correctional facility installed an Aeroscope. Never underestimate a bad actor. To defeat Aeroscope’s DJI drone detection, pilots can disable their GPS transmission to adjust the drone location transmission to default location to GPS location in Africa. Pilots can also change their drone signal’s protocols/encryption which can completely avoid detection since the Aeroscope relies on reading signal content in order to determine if a drone is in the area. Aeroscope is also susceptible to the worst kind of defeat, disinformation, where the pilot actively misleads the Aeroscope end user. Pilots can make their drone appear to be in one location while actually flying in a different location. For example, a pilot can fly in from the south of a facility and have their GPS appear to be in the north. This may trigger a security response to the north, reducing the security personnel in the actual target area. Aeroscope can also be easily spoofed to report false detections when there aren’t any drones in the area. Security responses for detecting many drones at once may overwhelm, confuse, or distract security personnel creating an opening for attack by another vector. ## Conclusion Aside from the potential cybersecurity concerns at critical infrastructure sites, the Aeroscope system only detects one drone manufacturer, is subject to spoofing and manipulation, uses a detection and location method that violates federal wiretapping laws, and struggles in high RF environments like cities and stadiums. But people buy it because like DJI drones, it’s relatively cheap. You must ask yourself if accepting all of these risks is worth the lower cost. The answer will be clear when (not if) a non-DJI drone causes a major catastrophe in the US. *Disclaimer: AeroDefense is not an expert on Aeroscope drone detection technology, and we are not legal experts. This article is based on research, industry experience and knowledge, and information gained from government supervised head-to-head testing and evaluation where AeroDefense’s AirWarden system and the Aeroscope system were both present.* --- ## Webinar Series Recap: Integrating Drone Detection Into Your Existing Technology Ecosystem URL: https://aerodefense.tech/webinar-series-recap-integrating-drone-detection-into-your-existing-technology-ecosystem/ In the second session of our Airspace Security Is A Process, Not a Technology webinar series, Scott Frigaard with Convergint covered the value of integrating drone detection with other security systems, use cases for integration, and questions to ask about integration when evaluating drone detection systems. Here are some highlights from his presentation. ## **Drone Detection – What It *IS* and *ISN’T* ** There are several different types of drone detection technologies from radar to Radio Frequency (RF) to acoustic to camera and IR. But the goal of any drone detection solution is to identify a drone within the protected airspace as early as possible, ideally with advanced warning of a drone launch, and identify the pilot’s location before they are able to cause harm, either accidentally or intentionally. The pilot is the key to safely and quickly getting the drone out of the protected airspace. **Drone Detection is NOT mitigation**, meaning unless you are one of the 4 federal agencies granted authority, you currently can not mitigate a drone by affecting its flight path or communications. The White House published its Fact Sheet on The Domestic Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) National Action Plan which seeks to expand the tools and actors that can employ UAS countermeasures, but those changes are a ways off, and they don’t impact the way you deal with drone threats today. **Drone detection is NOT a magic bullet, **meaning just having a drone detection system in place, without the appropriate policies, procedures and training, will not reduce the number of incursions into your airspace. So if the goal of drone detection is incident prevention, and it’s not the be all end all solution by itself, then we really need to look at methods for enhancing a drone detection systems’ effectiveness and that is through integration with other systems. The goals of those integrations are: - Greater situational awareness for a more complete picture of the threat a drone poses - Reduced false alarms so that resources aren’t wasted in the response and operators don’t start ignoring alarms - And faster, more appropriate responses based on the data ## **Important Data Points to Pull from Drone Detection Systems ** Drone location- this can either be as soon as the drone is powered up if using an RF-based solution, or as soon as it reaches a detection altitude for radar Pilot/Controller location- this is really only provided by an RF-based solution and can’t be stressed enough as the most important aspect of drone detection Flight path and heading- so that operators can track the drone’s movements to visually verify what happens when it crosses into protected airspace Speed- which, coupled with the flight path, provides the Time to Target ## **Which Systems to Integrate? ** The five most common systems that enhance drone detection are: - Surveillance cameras - Radar -  Incident Management/Case Management - Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management (UTM) - Situational Awareness Platforms The reality is that criminals are so quick to adapt their tactics to security responses that we don’t know what the next potential integration will be. But we should constantly expect to use every available system and resource to combat this threat. ### **USE CASE: Video Management System ** ****Regarding surveillance cameras, drone detection alerts can be integrated into some video management software applications. With this integration, a drone alert is automatically presented along with live video of cameras associated with the drone’s location and flight path. If there are Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) cameras, they can be automatically commanded to move to the drone’s location. That is the extent of the automation afforded by a video management system. Response personnel are still required to manually follow standard operating procedures (SOPs) for a drone detection alert which should include at a minimum: - Confirm the alert - Provide any additional context about the incident - Notify the appropriate personnel for dispatch to both the drone and the pilot’s location - Post incident reporting The outcome of this integration is faster alert confirmation since the operator can potentially see the drone on a camera and greater situational awareness through the live video regarding the drone’s activity in the protected airspace. ### **USE CASE: Radar** ****When a radar system is integrated into an RF drone detection system there are several benefits: - Radar systems enhance the alert detail by providing the drone’s altitude. While this doesn’t affect the response tactic, you still need to get eyes on the drone and investigate. Altitude does provide greater detail on the drone’s position relative to the facility or target. - Radar can also validate an RF system’s drone detection alert, and visa versa, reducing false drone alarms. - Radar is unique in that it can detect radio-silent drones which can be invisible to RF detection systems. The workflows are still manual in that the operator must take the right actions in the right order and make the right decisions. But the outcomes of increased accuracy, enhanced detection detail and the ability to detect all drones in an airspace, including radio-silent drones, are considerable benefits of radar integration. However, these benefits are usually only realized by entities that already have radar systems in place, since adding radar drone detection to complement an RF-based drone detection system (only type that can locate the pilot) could as much as double the cost of the drone detection program. ### **USE CASE: Incident Management** **** The third integration of Incident and Case Management is most relevant to prison environments and corrections intelligence analysts. If the Special Operations or Investigations teams do not receive live drone detection alerts for their facilities, then they won’t be aware of drone incursions in real time. Integration with the incident or case management systems will enable the drone detection system to automatically create incidents or cases in those investigations tools. This automates data entry and ensures that investigators are aware of all attempts to deliver drugs, weapons, cell phones and other contraband into the prison. Analysts are better able to detect patterns in the data based on time of day or contraband types to aid in their investigations into what organizations are behind the deliveries. And the data becomes more powerful when more prisons are enrolled in this level of integration. ### **USE CASE: **Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management (UTM) The fourth potential system to integrate with drone detection is UTM. Drones are technically aircraft according to the Federal Aviation Administration, so it is a natural progression that drones would need air traffic management. UTM is a new capability that is widespread in Europe and is moving to the US as more drones are utilized for more missions. UTM enables airspace management and drone flight approvals but does not have drone detection capabilities built in so it can not identify or validate when drones are in protected airspace. Combining UTM with drone detection enables agencies to detect, identify and differentiate all air traffic within airports, critical infrastructures and other airspaces. Integrated drone detection data fills in the gaps of UTM data with RF signal characteristics and flight paths and provides situational awareness of all drones in an area. The alerting process is automated and so are the response SOPs. The outcomes of this integration are: -  Greater airspace awareness of actual drones in an area -  And instant identification of potential threats in a crowded airspace ###  **USE CASE: Situational Awareness Platform (SAP)** ****The final use case for an SAP is a little more complex. These platforms, often identified as Physical Security Information Management systems or PSIMs, exist in Security Operations Centers and Real Time Crime Centers and serve to integrate all safety, security and operational applications into a single interface to minimize operator tasks, streamline workflows and enhance response capabilities. They typically follow a workflow where all alerts and incoming calls for service are received on the central monitor. Then when an operator handles an alert, the detail from numerous systems relevant to an incident including live video, sensor data, maps, resources and assets is presented on the left monitor. And then the operator is passed to the right monitor to conduct longer investigations and search activities. Not all SAPs look like this, some have only 1 or 2 monitors, but this is a typical incident workflow. We’ll focus on the incident detail on the left monitor. When drone detection data is integrated into a situational awareness platform, it is correlated with all other relevant systems. This can include the different systems we’ve talked about all presented in a single interface with all available data to confirm the alert and provide the greatest situational awareness perspective possible. All workflows can and should be automated from alert confirmation to communications to reporting so that the time between detection and response is minimized and the right resources are brought to bear on the incident. This is by far the most comprehensive integration, and it also delivers the greatest return on investment. ## **Questions to Ask About Integration ** If you already have a drone detection solution in place and have an integrator with the ability to lead these integration efforts, then you’re in a great spot. If you are evaluating which drone detection system to implement, consider adding these questions to your evaluation criteria to ensure you select a system that enables the desired integrations: Can the drone detection solution easily integrate with other systems? Ask the manufacturer how they would pass data to other systems and what the costs would be. Can the drone detection solution receive data from other systems? This will determine the level of customization that can be supported by that system to adapt to new threats and SOPs. You should also understand the costs associated with custom development. How will the integrations be supported? You should expect a 3-year lifespan at the minimum for drone detection, so the Integrations should be supported for the life of the drone detection system. Find out if the integrations will be performed by the manufacturer or an integrator. Am I introducing a cybersecurity vulnerability? There are some commonly sold drone detection systems made in China. While this presents a known cybersecurity vulnerability, organizations who buy these systems will claim they’ve mitigated this risk by air gapping or keeping the system on a separate network. That may be, but as soon as you integrate with cameras or a PSIM, you’ve placed that system on your network and introduced a significant potential cybersecurity risk from an adversarial nation. The DoD and other federal government agencies have numerous position papers stating the threats Chinese-made systems have on national security so caveat emptor with Chinese solutions and integrations. ## **CONCLUSION** - The purpose of drone detection is incident prevention - Regardless of bells and whistles or low price points, the solution has to deliver fast identification of all airborne threats for immediate response - The faster you can locate the pilot/controller, the faster you can get the threat out of your airspace -  Integration of drone detection data with other systems is critical to delivering: - Greater situational awareness - Greater detection accuracy - Faster, more informed responses --- ## Webinar Series Recap: Drone Threat Risk Management Strategy & Response Planning URL: https://aerodefense.tech/webinar-series-recap-drone-threat-risk-management-strategy-response-planning/ On April 21st AeroDefense kicked off a three part webinar series. The overall topic – Airspace Security Is A Process, Not a Technology. In a nutshell, in order to effectively combat drone threats you need more than just technology. Throughout the series we discussed the critical aspects of that “process.” In our first session, Adam Schenkel with Deloitte’s US Drone Services practice covered drone threat risk management strategy, the regulatory environment surrounding drone detection and mitigation technology, and response planning best practices. Here are some highlights from Adam’s presentation. ## **Why risk management for drone threats is so important** Risk management can be defined as the process for identifying, planning, responding, and monitoring risks to an organization. Risk management can help you answer the question – *why do I need a drone detection or counter Uncrewed Aerial System (cUAS) system*? Understanding the reasoning behind a decision to acquire a capability to counter drone threats should be firmly based on the realistic risk posed to the organization by drones themselves. Risk can take many forms, such as the threat of harm to people, disruption to economic activities such as at sports events or airports or the use of drones to conduct unwanted remote monitoring activity. Lastly, pulling together an understanding of why a drone detection system is needed and correlating that understanding with a realistic understanding of drone threats will enable organizations to identify the right system to meet their risk profile and requirements. As an example, acquiring systems with capabilities which far exceed an organization’s risk profile from drone threats may be an unnecessary expense. ## **A** **Risk Management Approach** There is a five-step process to understand and assess risk and to also provide for the continuous monitoring and management of risk once identified. **Step 1** As with many processes and frameworks, the first step should normally be planning and ensuring there is an understanding of the key components of the framework. One important item in the planning phase is identifying and defining the scope of the risk management identification process. When analyzing risk to an organization it can be easy to move outside the bounds of the initially identified scope, such as drone threats. **Step 2** The second step in the framework involves the identification of risk which can include different processes such as a SWOT analysis and should also be captured in a document such as a risk register. **Step 3** Once risks are identified it is time to analyze those risks through both a qualitative and quantitative lens. Risk analysis can include prioritization of the risks and weighting risk based on threat potential, likelihood of occurrence, or other defined metrics. **Step 4** Upon completion of the identification and analysis of drone threat risks, it is now time to plan an appropriate risk response which matches the organization’s requirements. Risk response can take many forms, such as policy changes, the acquisition of new hardware capabilities, or physical changes to an organization’s physical security posture. **Step 5** To close out this framework, it is also critical to routinely identify and analyze new risks to ensure an organization is current with its risk management posture. This is done through continuous monitoring and evaluation of drone related risk, on a routine basis which is appropriate for the organization’s threat level. ## **Legal/Regulatory Environment** Drone detection and mitigation technologies are governed by U.S. federal law and informed by important policy considerations such as air safety, national security, and privacy. Multiple US federal agencies jointly-published the Federal Advisory on the Application of Federal Laws to the Acquisition and Use of Technology to Detect and Mitigate Unmanned Aircraft Systems in August of 2020. The intent of the Advisory is to assist organizations as they navigate US law and regulations relevant to drone detection and cUAS systems. The advisory addresses two categories of federal laws that apply to drone detection and mitigation: -         Provisions of the US criminal code enforced by Department of Justice (DOJ) -         Federal laws and regulations from Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) To assist the DOJ and DHS in combating drone threats, Congress passed the Preventing Emerging Threats Act of 2018 (codified at 6 U.S.C. § 124n) (“the Act”). The Act provides DOJ and DHS with a tailored grant of authority for authorized Department components to take certain counter-drone actions to mitigate credible drone threats to designated facilities and assets. DOJ guidance clearly provides instructions for an authorized Department to operate protective measures without being prevented by provisions of law, namely 49 U.S.C. § 46502 (aircraft piracy), 18 U.S.C. § 32 (destruction of aircraft), 18 U.S.C. § 1030 (computer fraud), 18 U.S.C. § 1367 (interference with the operation of a satellite), and chapters 119 (interception of communications) and 206 (pen registers and trap and trace devices) of Title 18. If an authorized Department component seeks to have a facility or asset designated as a covered facility or asset and deploy protective measures, the component head must submit a written request for approval to the Deputy Attorney General (the “Approving Official”). If an authorized Department component wishes to make a significant change to a previously designated covered facility or asset or a previously authorized protective measure, it must submit a request to the Approving Official updating the information previously provided. Changes to cUAS system settings must be coordinated in advance with the FAA and, when relevant, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration. There is a significant level of effort required to deploy a mitigation and detection system at a covered facility, with minimal flexibility for system modifications. Organizations should consider if it may be more efficient to deploy RF-based drone detection systems not governed by 124n depending on the specific organizational security requirements and threat profile. ## **Response Planning** So how can an organization pull together a new drone detection or cUAS capability into their overall threat response planning framework? We’ve just reviewed risk management and acquiring systems which fit into the legal and regulatory bounds of an organization. The logical next step is to integrate the new capability into an organization’s response planning, much in the same way as a fire evacuation or medical emergency plan are normal parts of prudent response planning. The graphic below outlines an approach to a continuous capability development cycle which can be used when integrating drone detection or cUAS capabilities into an existing or newly developed response plan. Developing a training program to ensure operators are familiar with a new system capability and the associated procedures for using a system is important to ensure the successful deployment of a new capability. Training also provides an opportunity to discuss capabilities and limitations of a new system and to help manage expectations about what a system can and can not do to a drone threat. Looking at the right side of the graphic, a wargame event or tabletop exercise (TTX) can be designed to formalize and validate drone cUAS detection response procedures, coordination, and reporting through the use of realistic scenarios tailored to an organization’s operating environment. A war game and TTX methodology ensures optimal technology configuration and deployment to match an organization’s drone threat response strategies and can also bring together stakeholders both internal and external to an organization which may be involved with a drone threat response. As with a good risk management plan, response planning also requires continuous monitoring and refinement to ensure new threats are adequately accounted for with an organization’s processes and procedures. These processes and procedures are normally codified in a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) or other governing document to provide guidance on what to do in the event of a drone threat situation. ### **Response Planning Framework** The importance of having a framework can not be understated with Risk Management, and the same philosophy applies to building a drone detection response planning capability. The four step response planning framework outlined above of Define, Design, Produce, and Execute & Evaluate is designed to encompass all steps necessary to adequately integrate a drone detection or counter-UAS capability at an organization. These steps can be used in the development of wargame or TTX events, applied specifically to drone threats and the associated appropriate responses. Integrating the response planning framework into wargame and TTX design will ensure a properly planned and executed event takes place and adequate value is achieved for all stakeholders who participate. --- ## Airspace Security Is More Than a Technology – It’s a Process URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airspace-security-is-more-than-a-technology-its-a-process/ When it comes to unwanted drones in your airspace, security is a *process* not a technology. However, this does not mean technology doesn’t play a critical role. After all, you need reliable intelligence to act on in the first place, right? Not all drone detection technology is created equal. Some systems only tell you where the drone is. Others also provide the pilot’s location so you can take action in the moment and stop the threat. Surprisingly, some can’t track multiple manufacturers’ devices at the same time. 7 Factors to Consider When Selecting a Drone Detection System Drone detection technology represents a substantial investment that must match your risk level, tolerance and goals. Organizations should evaluate their current threat level and understand the drone detection regulatory environment before they begin technology evaluations. But to reiterate, technology is only one part of the process. What you do with that technology is more important. As you begin your drone threat mitigation journey, contemplate the following question early and often: “The system detected a drone. Now what?” early and often. Don’t wait until the system has been installed to consider operations and training. The answers may affect your deployment strategy. The larger security ecosystem is so critical we have gathered subject matter experts from different organizations who will speak about each critical area of the drone detection technology process in an educational webinar series. ## Airspace Security Webinar Series April 21, 2:00-2:45pm ET Drone Threat Risk Management Strategy and Response Planning Speaker: Adam Schenkel, Specialist Master – Deloitte US Drone Services In this session you will learn about: - Drone threat risk management approach including a framework - Drone detection/mitigation legal and regulatory environment - Response planning best practices Register   April 28, 2:00-2:45pm ET Integrating Drone Detection Into Your Existing Technology Ecosystem Speaker: Scott Frigaard, Digital Transformations: Data Fusion & AI Initiatives – Convergint In this session you will learn about: - The value of integrating drone detection into Security Operations Centers - Questions you should ask to ensure proper integration - Support requirements Register   May 5, 2:00-2:45pm ET The Importance of Training and Operations for Airspace Security Speaker: Charles Marino, CEO – Sentinel Security Solutions In this session you will learn about: - How and when to conduct personnel training for drone detection system - The often overlooked side of drone detection – operations Register --- ## Threats from The Sky: Why Are Drones a Safety and Security Concern? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/threats-from-the-sky-why-are-drones-a-safety-and-security-concern/ Let’s define what a drone is. An Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV), more commonly referred to as a drone, is an aircraft under the control of a remote pilot controller sometimes referred to as the Ground Control Station (GCS). The whole system that allows the drone to fly is referred to as an Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS). Without getting too technical, a drone communicates with its controller on the ground via radio signals. The GCS tells the drone things like the direction, speed and height to fly, and the drone sends back confirmation and video. For clarification, in this article we will discuss drones that can be purchased off-the-shelf, not military drones. * ## Highly Regulated, Difficult to Enforce The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the division of the Department of Transportation that regulates US airspace, categorizes drone flight as either commercial or recreational. What constitutes a commercial flight leaves some room for interpretation, but recreational flights are purely for enjoyment. Commercial drone flights have made a substantial positive impact in areas like agriculture, law enforcement, and construction. But as with all good technology, someone will use it irresponsibly or figure out a way to exploit it. In the last decade drones have become cheaper and more readily available, and while the FAA continues to educate the public on safe drone use, the clueless and careless recreational/hobbyist pilots continue to represent the bulk of drone-related incidents in the US today. One significant concern is that a drone weighing 5-55 pounds falling from hundreds of feet in the air can injure or kill someone and cause property damage. In most of the hobbyist-caused incidents the drone pilot is never identified. ## The Darker Side In July 2020 a drone pilot attached nylon cords and a copper wire to their device and flew it over a Pennsylvania electrical substation. The drone crashed before it could disrupt operations or cause structural damage, and the pilot has not been identified. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Federal Bureau of Investigation, and National Counterterrorism Center issued a Joint Intelligence Bulletin to raise awareness about the incident and the general threat of drones to critical infrastructure. Security experts advise it’s a matter of time before weaponized drones like the ones used by terrorist groups and cartels appear on the homeland. Ukraine’s success with commercial grade drones to attack and monitor Russian forces demonstrates just how effectively drones can be used in an attack situation. Drones are not just a physical security threat, though. Demonstrations by cybersecurity experts have shown that drones can aid in cyber attacks. In 2020 the RAND Corporation, a popular global policy think tank that provides research and analysis to the US Armed Forces, published a research report titled How to Analyze the Cyber Threat from Drones*. In it they explain the different ways drones can be used in cyber attacks. To summarize, drones pose some level of threat pretty much everywhere that’s not an open field with no people or property, and the threat should be considered in organizations’ physical and cybersecurity plans. Here is a breakdown, by industry, that further explores the question posed in the title of this blog – “Why are Drones a Security and Safety Concern? ### **Drones at Stadiums** Stadium security managers have the enormous responsibility to regularly protect tens of thousands of people at one time. For MLB, NFL, and some NCAA and NASCAR events, the FAA imposes a do not fly restriction within three nautical miles of the stadium starting one hour before an event’s scheduled time and ending one hour after. However, this is often ignored. Drone threats at stadiums include: - Mass panic if anything dropped over a crowd - Accidental drone crash - Event disruption if drone flies over the stadium walls - Unauthorized event recording - Malicious event/attack with a weaponized drone(s) ### Drones at Mass Gatherings/Protests Drones are often flown at mass gatherings like fairs and protests to get aerial shots and footage of the crowd which often ends up on YouTube. So mass gatherings share the Stadium concerns plus a few more nefarious concerns. As we saw in 2020, protests can quickly escalate to riots and looting when nefarious participants engage. Drones can be used as “eyes in the sky” to direct: - crowds to where the police are not to avoid confrontation - angry mobs to where the police are for harassment or attack purposes - looters to where the police are not ### Drones at Prisons Highly fortified Correctional facilities cannot keep drones out. The FAA restricted airspace over 109 Federal Bureau of Prison facilities, and several states passed laws specific to drone flight over private facilities. But this doesn’t stop contraband pilots. Correctional facilities can serve as drug distribution hubs that correlate with local gang activity. Because drone contraband traffic can follow a senior gang leader inmate, a low-drone-traffic facility today may become a high-traffic facility with the transfer of a single inmate. If drone activity isn’t identified quickly enough to respond and prevent an incursion, a facility may go on lockdown that can require a time-consuming and resource-intensive response effort. Drone threats at prisons include: - Contraband delivery (drugs, weapons, cell phones, tools to assist in inmate escape) - Surveillance to determine staff routines and contraband delivery opportunities ### Drones at Airports The FAA imposed strict regulations about drone flights near an airport for obvious safety reasons. Still there have been countless close calls between drones and aircrafts. Any time a drone is spotted near an airport, operations are often shut down which can lead to many millions in financial losses. Drone threats at airports include: - Accidental drone collision with manned aircraft - Malicious event/attack ### Drones at Corporate Campuses and Data Centers Corporate campuses that house incredible amounts of high value data to a nefarious actor employ many cyber and physical security measures to keep nefarious actors out both physically and electronically. However, most have not considered the threat three-dimensionally. Drone threats at corporate campuses include: - Intellectual property theft through rogue access points dropped onto rooftops - Malicious event/attack on critical infrastructure and high value personnel/customers - Unauthorized camera surveillance into conference rooms or other sensitive areas ### Drones at Other Critical Infrastructure DHS recognizes 16 critical infrastructure sectors “whose assets, systems, and networks, whether physical or virtual, are considered so vital to the United States that their incapacitation or destruction would have a debilitating effect on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination thereof.” Most if not all of them are vulnerable to drone threats. Drone threats at other critical infrastructure include: - Accidental drone crash by hobbyist pilot - Intellectual property theft - Unauthorized video posted publicly - Surveillance to identify weaknesses to plan a future attack - Physical attack with weaponized drones ### Drones in the Military In a 2021 statement Marine General Kenneth McKenzie said the rise in popularity of cheap, small drones around the world is the “most concerning tactical development” since the improvised explosive device in Iraq. He continued, “I’m not just talking about large unmanned platforms, which are the size of a conventional fighter jet that we can see and deal with by normal air defense means. I’m talking about ones you can go out and buy at Costco right now for $1,000.” The Ukrainian military’s request for citizens to donate their drones to experienced drone pilots in the war against Russia and Finland’s donation of 140 Mavic mini drones to Ukraine prove that small drones can and are used in combat situations. US troops must be prepared to defend against these tactics used by adversaries when necessary. Source: Twitter Consumer-grade drone threats in the military include: - Drop hand grenades or IEDs onto troops - Surveil troop locations/movement - Direct insurgents during a conflict The next logical question is what can I do about these threats? In the coming weeks we will post a series of articles that will help you arrive at the answer that’s right for you and your organization. --- ## 10 RF Drone Detection Misconceptions URL: https://aerodefense.tech/10-rf-drone-detection-misconceptions/ Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection systems emerged as the leading technology for organizations to identify and respond to drone threats because RF is the only type that can detect both drone and pilot. This actionable intelligence is critical for the majority without mitigation authority (ability to take a drone out of the sky) but also has applications for federal agencies granted this authority. Because RF drone detection is one of the only viable solutions across industries/use cases and many vendors have rushed into the market as a result, misconceptions run amuck. With this blog, we hope to set the record straight and leave any RF drone detection misconceptions behind. ### 1. **Drone detection gear is too bulky and unsightly.** Military-grade detection/mitigation systems are often very large and impractical anywhere outside of the desert. Some commercial systems can be on the bulky side as well but not always. However, Drone detection systems designed to be unobtrusive do exist. If bulky gear isn’t on your exclusion list, you may want to reconsider. A smart nefarious actor who wants to carry out an attack is probably first going to look for all the security equipment that would stop them and disable or destroy it. Some city planners and building owners will not allow bulky equipment on their buildings because they don’t want their buildings to become targets. Others are concerned about aesthetics so they won’t approve permanent placement. Furthermore, the ability to mount sensor electronics high enough to achieve the desired line of sight may be limited for bulky equipment. Safety regulations and common sense prevent large bulky equipment subject to wind load issues from being mounted near building edges needed for clear line of sight.  Wind load concern increases the higher the equipment is mounted on poles. ### 2. **Reading signal content is the best RF detection/location method.** This might be the easiest method for developers of RF detection systems, and many end users want this information. But there are a few problems here. - Reading signal content from the drone’s communication channel without proper authorization violates federal surveillance laws referred to in the Department of Justice (DOJ), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Issue Advisory on Use of Technology to Detect and Mitigate Unmanned Aircraft Systems. When the DOJ refers to “content” in Section 605(a) of Title 47, they mean any information inside the drone signal. This information for phone and email communications cannot be captured without legal court authorization per 18 US Code Chapter 206 §3121. For drone detection, only four (4) Federal Agencies are even eligible to apply for 124n authorization required to use a drone detection system that demodulates and decodes all drone signals, not just a particular one covered by a court order. - Not all drones have an onboard GPS. Without a GPS, systems that read the signal content have no way to locate the drone or controller. - Drones struggle to establish GPS lock in heavy RF environments like cities and stadiums. RF drone detection systems that rely on reading the drone’s GPS signal to locate will be unable to place the devices unless the drone flies above the RF noise. Now you’ve got a lemon. - The detection system will require a regularly updated library. If a drone signal is not in the library, then the detection system will not be able to read the signal content. This means the system cannot detect or locate the drone or controller. ### 3. **RF systems generate too many false alarms to be a viable solution.** The areas and sites where drone detection systems are most needed like urban environments, stadiums, airports, and other critical infrastructure do in fact challenge RF systems with competing RF noise. Unavoidable technology like electrical equipment, cell phones, dash cams, etc. emit RF signals. However, if an RF drone detection system can filter out ambient RF noise and employ other tactics including thorough calibration processes, it will provide reliable drone and pilot location information. It’s important for drone detection technology providers to work closely with their end users to assess the RF environment pre- and post-deployment. False alarms are inevitable, but they should be minimal so that response personnel aren’t desensitized to system alerts. A low false alarm rate is also important if you are using drone detection technology to assess your threat level. If a system tells you there are 100 drones flown in your area every day or even a month, more likely than not this is a result of the system’s ineffectiveness and not a true representation of your threat level. This inflated data could be used against you to sell more product. ### 4. **Systems can provide a serial number or unique identifiers for all drones without reading signal content.** Today, RF detection systems providing a serial number or any other unique identifier of drones and their controllers through reading the signal content violates federal surveillance laws. In 2022, the FAA’s Remote ID (RID) rule took effect. All drones must publicly transmit the following information: - A unique identifier for the drone; - The drone’s latitude, longitude, geometric altitude, and velocity; - An indication of the latitude, longitude, and geometric altitude of control station (standard) or take-off location (broadcast module); - A time mark; and - Emergency status (Standard Remote ID Drone only) Drone detection systems are able to ingest this information and provide it to the end user without breaking any laws. **5. A single drone detection sensor is a one size fits all solution.** One drone detection sensor that does not read signal content is probably not going to provide the coverage you need. It can be a great tool for airspace awareness at a small site and to help determine if you have a drone problem. We wrote a whole blog about why a single sensor approach won’t work in an urban environment. ### 6. I can get authorization to use a system that mitigates or reads signal content. No private entity, not even a law enforcement agency, can obtain authorization to use a system that mitigates or reads signal content. Through the Preventing Emerging Threats Act of 2018 (codified at 6 U.S.C. § 124n), DOE, DOD, DOJ and DHS can apply for authorization to use such systems in the United States. However, the process, as explained here, is arduous and once the equipment is placed it cannot be moved without re-application. ### 7. All RF drone detection relies on a product library of drone manufacturers/models. Many RF detection systems do rely solely on a product library of drone manufacturers/models. This means that any time a new drone hits the market, someone has to manually add that drone to the library so it will be detected. Given the increasing popularity of drones, you see the challenge here. Also, this library will not include DIY drones that are a popular choice among nefarious actors. But some RF detection systems don’t need a product library to be effective. For example, our system utilizes spectrum sensing to monitor the RF environment for the presence of drone signals. This means it can detect all drone manufacturers as well as DIY devices without the need for a product library. ### 8. RF drone detection systems must be mounted in a stationary method. Fortunately this is untrue as it is one of the key tools to solve urban environment challenges. High-rise buildings create urban canyons that block lines of sight needed by detection tools. Vehicle or marine vessel mounted in-motion sensors that can automatically connect to elevated sensors help to “see” around corners and down the urban canyons by extending the system’s detection range. However, many RF drone detection systems do not have mobile drone detection capability. Your use case will determine whether you need this functionality. ### 9. RF drone detection systems can’t locate the pilot. Some drone detection systems can’t locate the pilot. Without mitigation authority, a system that cannot provide pilot location information does not offer you much. When you know where the pilot is, you can stop the flight and determine their intentions. If you interrupt a nefarious pilot during their pre-operational flights, you just took your site’s name off of their target list and avoided a whole host of safety, financial, operations, and public relations nightmares. ### 10. RF drone detection systems can’t detect, track, and locate multiple drones and pilots. This is true for many RF drone detection systems but not all. For example, our system operates with no theoretical maximum number of drone signal detections and has been tested to detect at least fifteen (15) simultaneous drone signals. --- ## The Truth about Citywide Drone Defense URL: https://aerodefense.tech/the-truth-about-citywide-drone-defense/ # The Truth about Citywide Drone Defense “Citywide Drone Defense with a Few Sensors” is gaining popularity. It sounds great doesn’t it? There’s more than meets the eye here. Let’s dive into what we mean. ## **Mostly physics will prevent “Citywide Drone Defense with a Few Sensors” from working well.** Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection systems typically work better with line of sight while radar/optical detection systems rely completely on line of sight to operate effectively. To gain the best line of sight in a citywide deployment with a low number of sensors, the sensors must be placed on the tallest buildings around the city perimeter. Note that if the system is particularly bulky, buyers may have a difficult time obtaining approval from the building managers to mount the equipment for aesthetic reasons but also because the building owners do not want their properties to become targets. Low-flying drones will be blocked by buildings between them and the sensors placed on tall buildings. Drones transmit signals down to their controllers so detection systems will struggle to detect them until they are as high or higher than sensors. ## **There will be too many alerts.** Since drones can be flown legally in many urban areas, too many alerts for friendly drones will desensitize security teams to true threats. ## **Drone mitigation is not an option, and the pilot will not be located without supplemental ground-based sensors or breaking the law.** Mitigation It is too dangerous to disable a drone over an urban area where clueless/careless hobbyist flights are prevalent. A two-pound object falling from a few hundred feet in the air will cause significant people/property damage on the ground. When it comes to nefarious actors, it’s worth noting that the pilot could set their Return-to-Home location to be their target if the drone’s signal is jammed so it’s super-important to find the pilot. Locating the Pilot One AeroDefense customer says that watching a drone fly around over your property is like watching a fly buzz around your house. You need to know where the pilot is so security forces can do something about it. Therefore the safest mitigation tactic is to find the pilot before the incident, whether intentional or accidental. The problem with sensors mounted on the tallest buildings is that controllers will almost always be blocked from the sensors by other buildings, so it will be difficult to locate the offending pilot without supplemental ground-based sensors. The only reliable way these super-elevated sensors can find the pilot without ground-based sensors is to extract signal information from the drone’s communications channel which violates Federal surveillance and privacy laws. Customers should not be put at risk for equipment confiscation, jail time and financial penalties by their vendor. ## Is Citywide Drone Defense Possible? The answer is yes, with the right deployment configuration. AeroDefense agrees that citywide drone defense is necessary. Entities should deploy permanent drone detection sensors, especially at critical infrastructure locations. In order to supplement the airspace awareness that permanent sensors provide and help locate the pilot, security teams and/or local law enforcement can utilize drone-detection equipped response vehicles/marine vessels. As far as legality, no one should be allowed to deploy a system that demodulates private WiFi signals and lessens the public’s right to privacy, especially citywide! Our spectrum sensing methodology for detection does not extract signal information and utilizes publicly broadcast WiFi information just like a cell phone sees WiFi networks or a GPS system uses WiFi for location accuracy. --- ## Waiver to Operate Drone Detection and Mitigation Systems: 124n URL: https://aerodefense.tech/waiver-to-operate-drone-detection-and-mitigation-systems-124n/ Due to public safety and liability concerns as well as related laws and regulations, waivers to operate some drone detection or mitigation systems are hard to come by, even for the federal government. To assist the Department of Justice (DOJ), Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Energy (DOE), and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in combating drone threats, Congress passed the Preventing Emerging Threats Act of 2018 (codified at 6 U.S.C. § 124n) (“the Act”). The Act provides DOJ and DHS with tailored legal waivers for authorized Department components to mitigate credible drone threats to designated facilities and assets which would otherwise be prohibited by various federal laws. Extended until October 1st, 2024 DOJ guidance clearly provides instructions for an authorized Department to operate protective measures without being prevented by any of the following laws: - Aircraft piracy (49 U.S.C. § 46502) - Destruction of aircraft (18 U.S.C. § 32) (destruction of aircraft), - Computer fraud (18 U.S.C. § 1030) - Interference with the operation of a satellite (18 U.S.C. § 1367) - Interception of communications (Title 18 chapter 119) - Pen registers and trap and trace devices (Title 18 Chapter 206). But they must first go through an approval process. ## An Arduous Approval Process for 124n Covered Equipment If an authorized Department component seeks to have a facility or asset designated as a covered facility or asset and to deploy protective measures at such a facility or asset, the component head will submit a written request for approval to the Deputy Attorney General (the “Approving Official”). If an authorized Department component wishes to make a significant change to a previously designated covered facility or asset or a previously authorized protective measure, it will submit a request to the Approving Official updating the information previously provided. All changes to system settings, however, must be coordinated in advance with the FAA and, when relevant, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (“NTIA”) which may create a burdensome work effort. The application process prescribes twenty pages of detail regarding the following components of an request including but not limited to: - Written request submitted no less than thirty (30) days before the date on which protective measures would be deployed or modification to such measures would go into effect - Description of the facility or protected asset - Relationship to the mission authorized in 124n - Airspace restrictions The request will describe whether the facility or asset is covered by airspace to which access is restricted, such as airspace subject to temporary flight restrictions imposed by the FAA - Protective measures description - Risk-based assessment - Role of other entities under the Act or otherwise, technology to mitigate drone threats - Requests from States or territories The request will state whether the chief executive officer of a State or territory has requested the protective measures under extreme circumstances - Coordination with FAA, NTIA or other entities - Legal review summary from component counsel’s legal assessment of the request - And finally, Approval Learn more about drone detection legality --- ## Integrating Drone Detection into Security Operations Centers URL: https://aerodefense.tech/integrating-drone-detection-into-security-operations-centers/ Security Operations Centers (SOC) must become more intelligent, more proactive and more collaborative in response to the growing volume and types of threats. SOCs can no longer be reactive, security-centric environments that are dependent on operators to identify issues and events and take the right actions. Instead, SOCs must grow beyond their current boundaries to capture more data, convert it into actionable intelligence and then collaborate with stakeholders across the enterprise to generate greater returns on the organization’s investment in security. SOCs become more intelligent by integrating more systems, sensors and data sources into the management platform.  This integration results in greater situational awareness of threats so that operators can make better informed, data driven decisions.  One of the sensor platforms that is increasingly of value to situational awareness is drone detection. Organizations of all kinds are facing new threats from aerial drones, and while intrusion and perimeter protection systems focused on perimeter security were once sufficient, today airspace security is equally important to the protection of many facilities. Malicious uses of drones include criminal activism, competitive surveillance, espionage, cyber-attacks and event security breaches, which are compounded by the surge in careless hobbyists.  These hobbyist and nefarious drones pose risks to people, property, and operations. Integrating drone detection systems into the SOC enables Security staff to be instantly alerted when a drone is activated outside their perimeter, before it even becomes airborne and can begin to cause damage.  Airspace intrusion alerts should be integrated into a situational awareness platform along with other perimeter security alerts so that operators are presented with the critical context of the location of the drone and most importantly the controller, number of devices and other pertinent information like the drone’s speed and ETA. In a Corrections environment, for example, the instant awareness of when a drone is powered on, would enable Corrections staff to dispatch a patrol, or notify local law enforcement, of the location of the controller for the fastest resolution.  This would also enable Corrections staff to clear the prison yard before the drone can drop contraband (drugs, phone, money, weapon) to the inmates. At a large corporate campus, drones can be used to conduct surveillance with their high-definition cameras or aid in a cyber-attack for intellectual property theft. Time is of the essence in these situations that can be extremely damaging to the business, so airspace awareness and alerts that include the pilot’s location are critical. Bottom line, SOCs must be fully inclusive of all security alerting systems.  The advanced warning provided by integrating the drone detection system into the SOC enables Security staff to adopt a more proactive posture and provide additional time to coordinate efforts for a more effective response. --- ## How Many Drone Detection Sensors Do I Need in An Urban Environment? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/how-many-drone-detection-sensors-do-i-need-in-an-urban-environment/ Drones pose a potential threat to public safety in any environment, each with its own challenges for their pilots. For example, in rural or desert-like conditions, drones can typically fly much farther from their controllers than in an urban setting because of the wide open space.       In urban conditions, the range is significantly reduced by the buildings causing reflections, Line of Sight (LOS) restrictions, and increased Radio Frequency (RF) transmissions due to things like WiFi access points and cell phones. While these are challenges for drone pilots, they also impose similar restrictions on drone detection solutions.     ## ***Which Type* of Drone Detection Sensor is Best in Urban Areas?**     According to the Federal Aviation Administration, there are two primary technologies for detecting drones, **Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR)** and **RF**. **Acoustic** and **camera **technologies are considered secondary and are very limited in an urban environment. **Acoustic (Secondary)** **Camera (Secondary)** **Acoustic** sensors struggle to deal with the constantly changing noise level and traffic patterns. **Cameras** are restricted by LOS and typically require many in order to cover an area. Existing camera infrastructure tends to be aimed downwards to monitor ground activities which doesn’t account for the aerial threat of a drone. **RADAR (Primary)**** ** **RADAR** also operates by LOS, meaning it cannot detect through or around objects in the environment. In this case, the RADAR system must be installed so that it has an unobstructed view of the target coverage area, usually at the top of tall buildings in a city. RADAR typically transmits in a cone. For example, a RADAR antenna may only look at a 60 degree inclination, meaning it looks up 30 degrees and down 30 degrees, or maybe it’s tilted to look up for the drones and it looks up 40 degrees and down 20 degrees. However, this means something can fly above or below the RADAR coverage area and evade detection. Typically the blind angles are mitigated by the long range of the RADAR, but in an urban environment, elevated sensor installations plus surrounding tall buildings and various obstructions restrict the range of the RADAR, only enhancing one of its biggest weaknesses. **RF (Primary)** **RF detection technology** is very well suited for urban drone detection. There are still many challenges for RF detection within urban environments, however they can be overcome. RF detection does not require LOS, though like RADAR, it will not detect through large buildings. Therefore it can detect through much of the ground clutter and traffic expected within urban settings. RF drone detection systems will have to compensate for the increased amount of RF traffic in a city which is very feasible as long as the system is designed to do so and was not built and/or tested in rural/desert operation only. Another challenge is the signal reflections off of buildings and various objects within the environment, also known as multipath. Some RF systems can compensate for multipath if they are designed for urban use.** **   ## ***How Many* Drone Detection Sensors are Best in Urban Areas?**     Since RF is better suited for urban environments than RADAR, the next major question is how many RF sensors does it take? To answer this, it’s important to understand where sensors should be placed.     - Typically elevated positions with clear LOS to the coverage area are preferred. The sensors can be anywhere from ground level to the tops of the buildings. Areas like street corners or intersections provide decent LOS in many directions. Sensors should not be installed in places with extremely high RF emissions such as a city hall rooftop with the city’s emergency communications equipment.         - Additionally, it’s important to make sure the installation location meets the sensor’s needs such as available power and network connectivity. Bulky, power hungry sensors may be difficult to deploy physically, and building owners may not allow them for aesthetic reasons. Furthermore, many tall buildings in cities are above the LTE coverage, as that network is transmitted down towards the ground.         - The final consideration for the amount of sensors required is the size and shape of the coverage area. For this it’s best to work with a trusted manufacturer to get a clear understanding of how many sensors cover a set area. As a rule of thumb, the sensors should be laid out in their preferred spacing from each other as best as possible with the installation restrictions. A remote site survey and onsite survey to confirm sensor placements should be a part of any installation process.     For permanent coverage of an area within a city block, four or five fixed sensors is likely sufficient, ***but this is highly dependent on the use case and topology of the area***. If the coverage area is large or strangely shaped, more sensors will be needed.     Systems that claim to only need one sensor in the same environment are very likely violating federal privacy laws by decoding and demodulating (commonly known as “hacking”) the signal between the drone and controller to extract information. Even simply reading the GPS from the drones will likely require more than one sensor due to blind spots and obstructions in urban environments.     If the coverage area includes urban canyons that cannot be easily covered with the fixed sensor installation, a mobile sensor is an extremely useful option. The mobile sensor can work in conjunction with the fixed sensors and dynamically adjust the system’s coverage as needed. Because RF does not require LOS, systems will likely alert (with reduced accuracy) even if devices are within a “blind spot” and a vehicle-based sensor can be dispatched to mitigate the “blind spot” and accurately detect and locate the device. AeroDefense AirWarden Temporary/Portable Unit set up during NYC materiel experiment Last October the US ARMY Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) and New York Police Department (NYPD) invited AeroDefense to provide its mobile drone detection capabilities during their Subterranean/Dense Urban Community of Practice: Counter Unmanned Aircraft System Materiel Experiment in Lower Manhattan. The experiment took place over the course of two (2) days. The host agencies flew several different types of drones which varied in size to see how the participating vendors’ systems would perform in the tough urban environment. Flight paths varied in attempts to evade detection. The agencies produced a report describing challenges of deploying in an urban environment, lessons learned and more.   **If you are a member of a US federal, state, or local government agency, fill out the short form below or email sales@aerodefense.tech, and we will request a copy of the report on your behalf. ****Business email addresses only.**   --- ## Drone Detection FAQs URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-faqs/ Most people aren’t engineers with years of experience studying and working with drones and drone detection technology. And that is perfectly okay because that’s what we’re here for. Since the inner workings of such technology can be somewhat nuanced, we compiled a list of drone detection FAQs we received over the years, with answers, to help you navigate the complexities. Some are **general **in nature and other are specific to the **AeroDefense AirWarden™ system.**   ## **General Drone Detection FAQs** ### **1. What are the differences between Radio Frequency (RF) and Radar drone detection?** **Radio Frequency (RF) Detection** **Radar Detection** RF-based detection sensors can be passive or active. In the passive type, the sensor receives the signal and then detects the controller/drone based on the signal’s physical characteristics (if no demodulation involved) or based on the signal content (if demodulation is involved). In the active type, after the sensor detects a controller/drone, it attempts to either jam the controller/drone signal or take control over the drone. Private entities are forbidden from using active sensors, and passive sensors that demodulate drone/controller signals violate federal surveillance laws. The radar sends pulses of RF signals in different directions. If there is a drone in the area, the transmitted pulse is reflected from the drone back to the radar that detects the reflected signal. **Pros (for passive, non-demodulating sensors):**** 1. RF detection is the only method that can reliably detect both the drone and controller. This is important for the majority without the authority to interfere with a drone flight.2. Does not require line of sight Pros:**** 1. Very long range Cons:**** 1. System must be configured to filter out ambient RF signals Cons:**** 1. Detects anything that moves (like birds for example) which leads to a high false positive rate in a busy environment2. Requires line of sight ### 2. What are “frequency” hopping drones?** Drones and controllers can transmit their signal (data) over multiple frequency channels. In order to minimize interference and maintain security, some drones and controllers change their frequency channel of operation (i.e. frequency hopping) to transmit their signals.   ### **3. How can a drone be traced back to the person piloting it?** Most drones and their controllers use a mutual communication system to transmit signals. Therefore, it’s usually safe to assume the controller location is also where the pilot is.       ### **4. What are the most effective anti-drone technologies?** There is no “silver bullet” when it comes to anti-drone technologies. The effectiveness of a system depends on the type of drone and use case. For example, RF detection technologies can detect drone controllers (pilots) while other technologies cannot, and these systems can operate effectively in urban areas. On the other hand, radar struggles against small drones flying at low altitude but excels against large drones with high speed in open airspace. Camera systems are limited by weather and line of sight but can recognize different types of drones and provide visual tracking on the target.     ### **5. What are the key laws concerning drone detection technologies?** Last August, the Department of Justice (DOJ), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) issued an advisory guidance document to help non-federal public and private entities navigate the laws and regulations related to drone mitigation and detection technology. The advisory references various federal provisions and laws that could render many RF-based drone detection technologies illegal to use. The key laws mentioned in the detection capabilities section are The Pen/Trap Statute and The Wiretap Act which only apply to RF-based technologies. RF-based detection technologies that demodulate and decode drone and controller signals or read any signal content violate these laws.         ### **6. Why can’t I just shoot down a drone?** The FAA considers drones as aircrafts. Therefore, FAA laws prohibit any interference with that flight. In addition, if you shoot down a drone, you will likely be liable for any resulting damage to property or injury to innocent bystanders. Feel free to check out our eBook on this subject!     ### **7. Can commercial off-the-shelf drones be weaponized?** Since drones have payloads, nefarious actors can easily weaponize them to carry guns, explosives, and harmful chemical or biological materials.   ### **8. Why do I need to worry about drones? I’m not a stadium or a refinery.** For safety, security, and privacy reasons. Drones can conduct surveillance and aid in cyber attacks. Furthermore, clueless and careless hobbyist pilots often lose control of their devices and sometimes cause property damage or injury.   ### **9. Is a layered drone detection technology system truly needed to be effective?** This depends on your use case, budget, and acceptable risk tolerance. If your main objective is to detect a majority of off-the-shelf drones, then an RF-based system is highly effective. But be aware that some RF-based systems are dependent on a product library or only detect certain manufacturer’s drones (this is where your acceptable risk tolerance comes in). If you need to detect radio silent fully autonomous drones, then we suggest a combination of RF and radar.     ### **10. Should I buy drone detection now or wait for legislation to change and buy a mitigation system?** Taking a drone out of the sky is extremely risky, especially over a crowd of people. That’s why only federal entities can take this action in very specific cases and finding the drone pilot is the safest form of mitigation. The ability to locate the drone pilot can actually prevent attacks when the drone pilot conducts test flights to gauge the security response. There are drone detection systems available today that can provide drone and pilot location information and operate within federal regulations, so our suggestion would be to seek those out as it’s the safer option anyway. Given current tests to deliver transplant organs and transport people by drones, the FAA will likely be very hesitant to widely deploy devices capable of affecting drone flights.     ### **11. Are all RF detection systems the same?** No, some RF-based detection systems require authorization to operate if they jam/intercept or demodulate/decode the drone and/or controller signals. A sure sign of a system that requires authorization is its ability to identify a specific drone such as with its serial number. RF detection systems that operate legally may differ in the effectiveness of their hardware, software, algorithms, and technology. This shows in their performance and ability to detect and locate drones and/or controllers simultaneously and in complex environments.   ## **AeroDefense AirWarden™ Drone Detection FAQs** ### **1. How long has AeroDefense been in business?** AeroDefense launched the business in 2015 and completed its first commercial deployment of the AirWarden system in 2017.     ### **2. Is the system legal?** Yes. The AirWarden system can operate 24/7 without the need for prior legal authorization. The system passively monitors the local RF environment for drone and controller signals (RF spectrum sensing). It does not demodulate and decode drone signals. As of Q1 2022, the AirWarden system is the first and only drone detection solution to receive the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Support Anti-Terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies (SAFETY) Act Developmental Testing and Evaluation Designation. Although the AirWarden system’s SAFETY Act designation does not confirm/deny system legality, it is significant that the description of our technology on the DHS SAFETY Act website states, “The Technology does not include a capability to defeat or interfere with the flight of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) or perform signal analysis functions which would require legal authorization.”         ### **3. Your competitors claim they are also legal, so how is your system different?** Some vendors claim their system is legal because it doesn’t demodulate and decode signals and just reads the content on the outside of the signal (i.e. timestamp or GPS coordinates). However, as stated in the August 2020 Federal Advisory, this information requires a warrant to obtain according to federal surveillance laws. Rather than analyze the drone/controller signal, the AirWarden system detects physical energy generated by frequency-hopping drones/controllers much like a Geiger-counter detects the presence of radioactive material. The underlying technology is considered spectrum sensing. For WiFi drones, AirWarden’s spectrum sensing technology utilizes publicly broadcast WiFi information just like a cell phone sees WiFi networks or a GPS system uses WiFi for location accuracy.     ### **4. What are some features or capabilities that are unique to AirWarden?**     - The AirWarden system detects multiple drones and pilots (controllers) simultaneously. Emerging technologies like spectrum sensing and machine learning make the AirWarden sensors highly resistant to RF noises and interference. This results in accurate detection and location information in the harshest RF environments such as Times Square/NYC where the AirWarden system tested successfully under government supervision as well as MetLife Stadium where it is commercially deployed. The system has a low false alarm rate in rural, desert, and urban areas. - Because the AirWarden system utilizes spectrum sensing and does not examine any signal content, it can operate 24/7 without prior legal authorization. - The AirWarden system does not rely on a product library like many other systems, so it can detect home-made “kit” drones and drones the system hasn’t seen before. - AeroDefense offers drone detection in-motion for patrol vehicles and other flexible deployment options. This includes the ability to store sensor electronics in a data center many kilometers away from the AirWarden detection antenna via fiber connection. - The AirWarden system is the first and, so far only, drone detection technology to receive a Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act designation.         ### **5. What is the range of the AirWarden system?**     Detection range depends on a drone and controller’s ability to connect and fly in a specific operating environment (open field vs. urban setting with high RF noise). The AirWarden system detects RF-based drones at a distance from a sensor that highly correlates to a drones and controller’s two-way connection range. For example, if a drone can fly 1 mile from its controller in an open area, the system detects the drone when it comes within 1 mile of the sensor in the same type of area.         ### **6. What are the procurement paths available? Can your system be purchased with Government Grants or through GSA?**     AeroDefense is a recipient of a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) AFWERX/Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Direct to Phase II grant, has met the competitive requirements, and can be purchased by any Federal Agency as sole source without the need for bid.     The AirWarden system can be purchased on the GSA contract through our partner, Brite, and through a number of other procurement paths including State/Local contracts.     Contact us to learn more.         ### **7. Can your system integrate with our existing security and/or IT infrastructure? Will it interfere with navigational aids and/or communications?**     AeroDefense engineers will work with your team to determine how to integrate with your existing security and/or IT infrastructure.     The AirWarden system will not interfere with navigational aids and/or communications because it is a passive system (i.e. receive-only).         ### **8. What are the deployment and network communication options? Can your system be deployed wirelessly or via fiber optic?**     AeroDefense provides flexible deployment options including fixed (permanent), temporary/portable, and vehicle and marine vessel-mounted for in-motion detection.     Fixed and vehicle/vessel-mounted deployments may utilize fiber connection which allows for storage of sensor electronics many kilometers from the detection antenna.     Sensor data communicated to the server will depend on the specific deployment’s network design. Sensors can communicate over different types of mediums such as Fiber/ethernet, MESH, or Cellular/LTE.         ### **9. Can your system be deployed across a meshed network city-wide or in multiple states or countries?**     Yes, AeroDefense uses fiber, internet, or LTE network to accomplish this.         ### **10. What alert options do you offer? A**re there custom alerts available?     The AirWarden system provides color coded visual alerts in addition to audible cues when a detection event occurs via the AirWarden user interface. If desired, these cues can trigger only when a target is identified within a pre-determined area of interest to minimize unnecessary alerts.     SMS/MMS text and email alerts provide users detection and location information as well as “all clear” and sensor health status. The text and email alerts can be an integral part of alerting key stakeholders associated with the response plan and are configurable by user.         ### **11. Does your system detect other RF signals outside of drones?**     This depends on the use case, but in general, the answer is yes. The AirWarden system is tuned to detect the communication system/signals that behave like a drone or a controller. In some cases the system/signal may not belong to a drone. For example, during a government supervised test in NYC, the AirWarden system detected NYPD’s robotic dog controlled by a remote controller.     The AirWarden system can also detect any unusual RF activity that presents within the monitored area. These signals can be authorized during the calibration process if they are known to be non-threatening.       **NYPD Robotic Dog Detected by AirWarden System**         ### **12. What industries does AeroDefense work with?**     Current AirWarden system users are in the sports, corrections, and military industries. However, AeroDefense can support many use cases in other industries such as critical infrastructure, public safety, and airports. --- ## Remote ID Rule Finalized by FAA – So Do I Still Need Drone Detection? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/remote-id-rule-finalized-by-faa-so-do-i-still-need-drone-detection/ The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recently issued a statement in which they will require all drones or Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) above a certain weight to be compatible with a new standard. They refer to the new rule as UAS Remote Identification (Remote ID) or RID. Remote ID uses radio waves to actively transmit information about an object in order to help track and/or locate the object. **“Remote ID helps the FAA, law enforcement, and other federal agencies find the control station when a drone appears to be flying in an unsafe manner or where it is not allowed to fly. Remote ID also lays the foundation of the safety and security groundwork needed for more complex drone operations.” – FAA Website These RID transmissions will be readily available to the public and easily consumed by existing devices such as cellphones, tablets, or personal computers potentially by Wi-Fi broadcasts. Drone manufacturers have 18 months from the rule’s effective date (which has not been determined) to implement the technology. ## What About the Drone Pilot?** AeroDefense supports the FAA’s new requirement for RID broadcasts in concept. Just as vehicles require license plates to be visible for public safety, drone pilots should be responsible and liable for actions they take. Enforcing something like an RID is a good first step. There are, however, some downsides to consider. The first is a concern for the **privacy of the pilot**. While a license plate is visible on a car, it does not actively transmit its ID and location for all in the area to track and monitor. Some drone pilots may not be comfortable with sharing their location for the world to see. Professional pilots may consider their flight location and times competitive information they don’t want others to know. On another note, the **RID, just like a license plate, only works for drones piloted by people who follow the law**. Anybody can take the license plate off their vehicle just as easily as they can disable the RID on their drone. Police will certainly stop a vehicle driving around without a visible license plate. Drones on the other hand do not have anything visible to the human eye that can monitor if their RID is enabled, something nefarious drone pilots will quickly realize and use to their advantage. ## **Where Does Drone Detection Come In?** A drone detection system like AeroDefense’s AirWarden™ can easily receive these RID broadcasts and verify that drones in the area are actively transmitting valid information. **A system that can verify the RID will be a must for helping security teams distinguish between nefarious and hobbyist drone pilots. ** It’s important to point out that a system designed specifically to ingest these RID, like an app for a cell phone or tablet, as described by the FAA can be easily defeated and is more of a convenience factor than an actual security measure. The RID system will have the same limitations as any drone detection system that is illegally decoding and demodulating signals transmitted by the drones or controllers. Some of the limitations include the fact that the operator can modify these broadcasts to transmit the incorrect GPS coordinates of the device. If the drone doesn’t have a GPS or doesn’t have a stable GPS connection, the drone may not know where it is and therefore cannot broadcast its location. **Someone can easily spoof an RID broadcast confusing the detection app or causing it to think the drone is in a completely different location or that there is a swarm of drones when there aren’t any at all.** AirWarden has the ability to independently verify and track drone and pilot locations without reading signal content, such as GPS, which allows the system to be resilient to RID spoof attacks. ## **Conclusion** Current laws which have been in effect for five years require all drones over about half a pound to be registered with the FAA. The process only takes about five minutes and five dollars to complete. The question is how many people comply with these regulations and how many are blissfully unaware of the requirement altogether? RID will be no exception. All drones that require registration will need RID transmitters. New drones will ship with this capability while existing and home-made ones likely will not meet the standard. The onus and burden are entirely on the owners of existing and home-made drones to seek out, purchase, install, and activate hardware that enables RID transmissions. The addition of another transmitter will increase power consumption and therefore reduce battery life and flight time. Most familiar with drones know that one of the most important factors in a drone’s performance is the flight duration, so some pilots may be willing to take the risk of RID non-compliance. **For all the reasons previously mentioned, RID should not deter your organization from seeking information about drone detection systems if you experience drone threats.** Hobbyist drone pilots can be uninformed or slow to adhere to FAA laws, and nefarious ones will do just about anything to get around the law. Furthermore, we are still a ways out from full implementation, and drone operators have even longer than manufacturers to comply with the regulation – 30 months from the effective date. ## **Interested in drone detection but unaware of the regulations governing the tech?** --- ## Will Less Fans = More Drones? URL: https://aerodefense.tech/will-less-fans-more-drones/ And the hits just keep on comin’ in 2020 don’t they? Last Tuesday, August 4th, an MLB game between the Twins and Pirates at Target Field was delayed. The culprit? An unauthorized drone spotted over the stadium.       **FOX Sports North tweeted, “Save your artsy drone footage of Minneapolis for after the game, please.” Pitchers in the bullpens attempted to take the drone down by throwing baseballs at it but were unsuccessful. In order to not digress, let’s just say this approach is risky and not advisable!         ## Rules for Drones at Stadiums     The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has strict rules to prevent drone activity at stadiums. Pilots cannot fly within a radius of three nautical miles of an MLB stadium. The restriction starts one hour before the game’s start time and lasts until one hour after the game is over. This is also the case for the NFL, some NCAA football games, as well as auto racing events.     But obviously, these rules didn’t stop the pilot at Target Field who may or may not be aware of these restrictions. The pilot has not been caught, so we can’t know for sure what his/her intentions were.     What happened at Target Field is unfortunately not the first time a drone pilot has ignored FAA rules for stadiums. Over the past several years, multiple drone incursions have occurred, some even causing injury to spectators.     That was the case at a 2017 Padres and Diamondbacks game when a drone slammed into a fan. To quote a Sports Illustrated Article by Jon Tayler about the incident, “Behold the perils of attending a sporting event in the 21st century: One moment, you’re in your seat enjoying a leisurely baseball game, and the next, a battery-powered piece of plastic with a bunch of rotors on it is slamming into you out of nowhere.”       During the recent British Grand Prix at Silverstone Circuit, police caught someone attempting to fly a drone over the track. This occurred even though the Civil Aviation Authority of the UK had imposed a flight restriction for the whole weekend of the event.     This year the race had zero fans due to the coronavirus pandemic, when it normally hosts over 140,000.     ## Looking Ahead     We know that hobbyist pilots regularly disregard FAA rules or are unaware of them. But are the incidents at Target Field and Silverstone Circuit the beginning of a new trend for outdoor stadiums and arenas? Some leagues have already made the decision to not allow any fans while some will allow a smaller number. So, will avid fans not allowed to attend their favorite events resort to inadvertently endangering athletes and/or fans by using drones? Or maybe hobbyists assume that the stadiums are empty at this time and think it’s okay to fly.     Given the current global pandemic and related fan restrictions, threats from hobbyist drones at these venues may very well increase. Stadium directors/managers and security teams across the globe should be prepared to identify and respond to such incidents.     First Update: Since this article was written and posted, another MLB game was delayed because of a drone on August 13th. This time it was Fenway Park during a game between the Red Sox and Rays. The drone pilot was a 16-year-old male accompanied by a friend.**     **Second Update: Since the last update, a drone caused yet another delay at an MLB game on September 2nd.** **The Yankees and Rays were playing at Yankee Stadium when the second base umpire noticed the drone flying over the field. The pilot was not found.**     **Third Update: Since the last update, a similar incident on the West Coast occurred. A game between the Dodgers and Rockies was delayed when a drone flew over Dodgers Stadium. The whereabouts of the pilot was not mentioned.**     **Fourth Update: Since the third update, yet another drone delay occurred. This time at Wrigley field during a Cubs/Indians game, and the drone landed on the field. There was no mention of the responsible pilot.**     **Interested in why MetLife Stadium, home of the NY Jets and Giants, needed a drone detection system and why they chose AirWarden?**         --- ## The Real Threat of Drone Cyber Attacks URL: https://aerodefense.tech/the-real-threat-of-drone-cyber-attacks/ Cyber attacks are almost never as straightforward as implied by television and movies. Hackers typically don’t just wake up, sit at their computers, and infiltrate a system or bring it down. For example, hacking into a bank by a completely virtual approach can be quite challenging and time consuming.       On the other hand, getting bank staff to insert a compromised USB device into a computer circumvents many security protocols and allows the hacker direct access to the network. Oftentimes it is easier to trick someone into bypassing the security, referred to as social engineering, than it is to beat the security.     ## **Types of Cyber Attacks by Drone**     While drones are not flying super computers that can easily brute force hack into a secure facility, they do offer hackers another tool to help with the multistage cyber attacks required in today’s cybersecurity conscious world.         * Drones can be used for a plethora of attacks essential to a much larger breach. Network sniffing and network spoofing are two drone cyber attacks that can easily be performed using a small device like a raspberry pi (Figure 1) attached. The sniffer can find out all the information about a wifi network such as the MAC addresses and SSID. These can then be used by the device to pretend to be a known wifi network. Unassuming employees may connect to the fake network. From here hackers can access valuable information. According to the How Secure Is My Password tool, “DroneHacks” takes approximately one month to brute force hack. However, if somebody were to log into a system via the faked network, they would be giving hackers their login credentials. How often do you become suspicious of your “trusted network” when your login credentials don’t work immediately? People are much more likely to blame an email server or restart their computer than to look closely at what network they are connected to. Now that the hacker has login credentials, they don’t need to force their way through security. They can simply log in and begin expanding their footprint.         Drones can also carry other devices to perform local deauthentication attacks, a type of denial-of-service attack that targets communication between a user and a wifi wireless access point. Or the drone carries a device to simply jam wifi or other communications. Disabling WiFi, radios, or cellular devices can lead to confusion and lack of coordinated defenses allowing hackers to carry out other attacks.     The drone cyber attacks described above are certainly not the only threats drones pose. Other attack vectors may not be as direct. A bad actor can use a drone to observe shift changes and gather information on security protocols with the ultimate goal of planning a physical attack. Drones with camera and video capabilities produce incredibly high quality footage these days.     ## **Types of Cyber Attacks to Drones**     If you or your organization employ drones, they are susceptible to cyber attacks themselves. Most drones are designed to optimize battery life and flight time. Little focus has been placed on cybersecurity. As most drones are expected to potentially lose connection to their controllers, they will typically attempt to return to their launch point by default. Many pilots will attest to the fact that these automated responses are far from perfect and depend heavily on the drone type and local environment. Disrupting the video and telemetry feed from the drone is relatively simple, leaving a pilot flying blind. Disrupting the control signal, while more challenging, is also a possibility particularly if the drone operates over wifi.     Departing from the physical consequences of a cyber attack to a drone, if the drone records confidential information such as video of a crime scene, the video itself must be protected. While drones offer a very easy mechanism for recording and retrieving this video, keeping it out of the hands of hackers may be much more challenging. Some drones automatically backup their videos and files to cloud systems. Others may only upload log files of the flights. Either of these can be useful for hackers looking for them.     The RAND Corporation recently published an eBook on How to Analyze the Cyber Threat from Drones that details cybersecurity implications of the explosive popularity of drones. It covers current vulnerabilities hackers can exploit using drones, cyber attacks to drones, as well as future trends.     ## **Combating Cyber Drone Threats**     We recommend that any organization using drone(s) conduct research online about the security of the device before* purchasing and maintain the viability of evidence. Most drones don’t have the option to customize security features.     Whether your business handles or stores sensitive or proprietary information, has a hardened facility with physical security measures, or is an average business trying to keep up with standard cyber security, drones prove to be a real threat in our digital age. We can no longer rely on two-dimensional security strategies to protect facilities from any type of drone threat.     Because mitigation of drones is illegal for non-Federal entities and extremely risky, the best form of mitigation is to find the pilot and either kindly ask them to stop flying or apprehend them (depending on your jurisdiction).     Drone detection systems are a powerful tool for businesses and law enforcement because they provide airspace awareness. But keep in mind not all systems are able to locate the drone and pilot (controller) and do it at the same time. Having information about the pilot’s location as soon as the drone is located is crucial for a faster response to the threat. If you have to guess where the pilot is, you are wasting precious time that could have been spent stopping the attack sooner.     **There are many drone detection systems on the market which makes cutting through the noise challenging.**     **Download our helpful *Top 10 Questions to Ask When Evaluating Drone Detection Systems* checklist**. --- ## Drones and Public Safety: An Interview with a Deputy Chief of Police URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drones-and-public-safety-an-interview-with-a-deputy-chief-of-police/ Drones continue to pose public safety concerns, and law enforcement is taking notice.     In this article we’ll interview Tracy Basterrechea, Deputy Chief of Police (DCOP) for Meridian PD, about drones and public safety best practices.       ## **Minimize Your Risk**     Before we get to the interview though, let’s talk about being proactive when it comes to drone threats. Sometimes we hear people say, “If a drone is going to attack, there is no stopping it.” While this may be true in certain situations, consider this. More often than not, bad actors will prepare for an attack/mission by going to the actual location where they plan to carry it out. They will stake out the surrounding area and practice in whatever way they can. It’s called a dry run.     Particularly with drones, perpetrators want to test flight paths and security team response to drone incursions. We know this is particularly true in the corrections environment with contraband delivery. In this environment, we’ve actually seen drone detection deployment act as a deterrent for future delivery attempts.     *     Whether the dry run is days before a planned attack/mission or on the actual day, this is your opportunity to prevent it altogether. The ability to locate the drone and* pilot, especially in this situation, is absolutely essential.     ## **What is Mobile Drone Detection?**     A mobile drone detection system can have many of the same capabilities as a fixed drone detection system and is particularly useful when it comes to events that draw large crowds.     Several vendors have recently introduced mobile drone detection technology that quite frankly doesn’t look or act the part. Their solutions are either extremely cumbersome or look like military vehicles, not to mention incredibly expensive and usually illegal for non-federal entities. As we mentioned before, bad actors typically conduct dry runs, so one of the goals with mobile drone detection is to be discreet. For example, when high-profile individuals must be protected, going unnoticed is critical.     A major benefit of mobile drone detection is in the name – it’s mobile. It’s important to have the ability to relocate the technology easily as situations unfold or event locations change. The easiest way to deploy is by installing the hardware and software in a command control vehicle or marine vessel, depending on the area to protect. For enhanced location accuracy, more than one vehicle or vessel could be used to create a search grid. Another option is to use a fixed deployment to create a dynamic network with the vehicle or vessel in times of expanded operation.     Law enforcement looking into mobile drone detection need to consider a few things in addition to the movability and appearance of the technology. What kind of location information is needed for the drone? What about the pilot? What regulations do you need to abide by? (FAA, FCC, DOJ, etc.)     ## **DCOP Tracy on Drones & Public Safety**     **1. What are the biggest drone threats on your mind for 2020?**     The biggest concern I have when it comes to drones is the ability for a pilot to film our general police movements and operations, especially SWAT operations. Whether it’s a training event or a live incident, video and live streaming can be an immediate or imminent danger to the safety of our officers and the general public. Drones can also unfortunately get in the way of paramedics trying to save lives.     Another concern I have is drone pilots who use their device to disrupt traffic on highways and other roadways. Fortunately, our department has not had any incidents like this yet. I think it’s not a matter of if but when though.     With a rural environment like Idaho and being on the Canadian border, we have to worry about drones being utilized for drug trafficking purposes.     Also, there are obvious privacy issues with drones. Whether someone is using a drone in a park or over homes or farmers’ property, our department must respond to each call. We use drones in emergency situations, and many police departments use drones to document crime scenes for quicker clean up. The last thing we want is a drone operator taking pictures in those situations.     From a drone technology standpoint, they are only becoming more sophisticated. The ability to operate longer before recharging and load capacities are increasing.     **2. Are there any emerging threats law enforcement has recently become aware of?**     The recent “mystery drones” in Colorado definitely concerned me. It felt like there could have been someone just trying to disrupt a community for no apparent reason.     Situations like that can hurt the reputation of a police department in the community if they are unable to provide concrete answers.     I will mention drone technology again. As drone technology gets better, there will be more threats that emerge.     **3. What are some of the use cases for a mobile drone detection system?**     There are several use cases for a mobile drone detection system. Any time there is a large-scale SWAT operation or event going on, we try to remain aware of the aerial space around us. Having a system that can alert us to drone activity in the area and be easily relocated would be extremely beneficial.     Mobile drone detection systems will continue to become even more important and relevant as drone technology increases in sophistication and the longer drones can stay in the air autonomously.     **4. What are some public safety concerns with drones? What are the concerns with disrupting a drone flight?**     Drones live streaming during highly volatile situations puts officer and civilian lives at risk. As I mentioned earlier, drones attempting to disrupt traffic could put a lot of lives at risk too.     Of course, any time there is a large gathering of people at an event, we have to be mindful of attack scenarios which include an attack by drone.     There is nothing in Idaho law that protects us against taking down drones especially if we were to damage it in the process. Even if it was allowed at the federal level, I would be concerned about state laws.     If drone jamming was legal, we would have to ensure the drone could land without disruption or injuries to a crowd. We would not want to create a greater/more dangerous situation than it is already creating.     **5. What can an officer do if they come into contact with a careless drone pilot vs a nefarious actor (what is allowed by law)?**     The laws around this aren’t extremely clear cut. It would depend on the situation. If it was a careless drone pilot, we could cite them under state code and issue a civil penalty. If the pilot was putting someone’s life in danger, I’m sure we could identify a state or city code that would allow an arrest. We have to get somewhat creative when it comes to a criminal arrest.     If the pilot was moving drugs, we could pretty easily arrest them but would have to provide very detailed evidence of how they were aiding in a criminal act.     If a drone was seen taking photo or video of a person, that person would have to come forward and make a complaint. In this case it would be a civil penalty.     **6. What are the best practices when recovering a drone that has crash landed?**     The first thing would be to photograph the site. Next, we would want to obtain the serial number. Hopefully the drone is registered with the FAA, and we can interview the owner. We would then take the drone back to headquarters and try to obtain any other information.     **7. What drone issues has your department experienced if you can share any?**     We have had several privacy related complaints – people saying that a drone was in their backyard or near their house spying on them or someone in their family. There have been no life-threatening issues up to this point, but I don’t expect that trend to continue unfortunately.     **Follow us on social media for more drone and counter-drone related content!** --- ## A Candid Overview – The Ethics of Drone Detection URL: https://aerodefense.tech/a-candid-overview-the-ethics-of-drone-detection/ Our Founder and CEO, Linda Ziemba, has been working in the technology industry from the very beginning of her career and in 2004 entered the security industry, specifically internet security. Fast forward a bit to 2015 when she saw drones interfere with California firefighters trying to control wildfires and save lives, crash-land in front of Angela Merkel, and end up in the stands of the US Tennis Open. It was then that she had the idea to use internet security techniques against these flying computers to enhance privacy, safety, and security. ## An Evolution In the early days of AeroDefense, the company’s product was a mitigation system. What seemed in the beginning to be an “ethical hack” to protect people from malicious drones and their operators turned out to violate FAA, FCC, and DOJ regulations with penalties of jail time and financial ruin level fines. Ziemba refocused the company’s product to a system that A) has no mitigation capability to affect the flight of a drone (FAA), B) does not interfere with someone else’s radio network (FCC), or C) demodulate or decode a private communication (DOJ). Not only did she want to protect her business, but she also didn’t want to knowingly provide customers an illegal and potentially dangerous solution that could result in negative consequences for them. * ## Mitigation Liability Concerns Although it may seem like a great idea to jam a drone signal or shoot it down, there are many concerns besides it being illegal. What happens to the shot that misses? How do you staff for someone with a net gun 24/7? What if a jammer blocks local public safety or nearby businesses’ GPS timestamp on security systems? What if a jammer falls into the wrong hands? We could go on. In all these scenarios, you are liable and responsible for the public safety threat you are potentially creating. ## Privacy Concerns There has been buzz in the news lately about privacy concerns regarding foreign made drones. Drones are minicomputers that collect data. This goes for drone detection systems as well, but some systems collect information they shouldn’t be. For example, some systems on the market today extract GPS coordinates from a drone to provide a more accurate location, but this is illegal. It requires the system to demodulate and decode the signal which violates federal wiretapping laws. Theoretically, these systems could be demodulating all kinds of signals at critical infrastructure locations like nuclear power plants, airports, etc. by using antennas that are listening 50km away. Think about all the critical information about these sites you wouldn’t want to end up in the wrong hands. There is a way to accurately locate a drone without breaking the law! ## Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act This August our Drone and Pilot Detection, Location, and Alert System, AirWarden™, was awarded a Developmental Testing and Evaluation Designation by the Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act. We are extremely proud to be the first, and so far only, drone detection system to be on the SAFETY Act “approved technologies” list. According to the SAFETY ACT website description of AirWarden, “The Technology does not include a capability to defeat or interfere with the flight of UAS, or perform signal analysis functions which would require legal authorization.” If that isn’t proof enough that our system operates within legal requirements, we’re happy to explain further to anyone interested. We believe in being upfront and honest with our customers and spent a great deal of time early on to create a reliable and legal solution that provides actionable intelligence (locates the drone and pilot). Our passive radio frequency-based product was created in urban New Jersey, has undergone extensive testing in an NFL stadium environment, and is commercially deployed throughout the US. We will remain completely committed to offering a drone detection solution that operates within all pertinent US regulations and plan to be flexible if and when* those regulations change. --- ## 5 Reasons Your Correctional Facility Needs a Drone Detection System URL: https://aerodefense.tech/5-reasons-your-correctional-facility-needs-a-drone-detection-system/ Sometimes wrapped together with duct tape, cell phones are a common item delivered by drone. Concerned about drones? While contraband delivery is the most common reason facilities are worried about drones, there are other risks too. Many of which can impact staff or inmate safety. Here are are five drone threats to consider at your correctional facility. ## 1. CONTRABAND DELIVERY ## Recovered contraband has included tools like wire cutters that can be used for escape. Many facilities are battling an influx of contraband thanks to drones. Often a coordinated team effort involving multiple flights, drones have been used to deliver: - **Drugs** – which can cause riots and present a safety risk. - **Phones** – that allow inmates to coordinate activities with each other and with the outside world. - **Tools** – like the wire cutters used to escape a South Carolina prison in 2017. - **Weapons** – that pose an immediate threat to both prison staff and inmate safety. ## **2. UNAUTHORIZED SURVEILLANCE** #### Using a drone, bad actors can observe if, and how quickly, you can respond to an incident. The latest high resolution cameras have a 30x zoom lens that can read the serial number off a wind turbine blade. So watching the movement of your security staff will seem easy in comparison. Drones can be used to see your security routes and response times so bad actors have all the information they need to plan future activities. In addition, nefarious actors could view: - The location and direction of security cameras - Identifying marks, brands or serials on your physical security equipment, which may include gates, locks, and access control systems - Staff entering a code or PIN number into a access control panel All of which could be used to gain unauthorized access. Further, they could also record activity within your facility, that could be sent to the media, or posted on social media, and result in a negative public response. ## **3. UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS** ## A drone flown over electronic physical security measure, such as a gate, could carry an electronic device designed to open the gate. Not only can a drone gather all the data about your physical security needed to plan for unauthorized access. It can also be used to gain access. This could be from the outside, by using a drone to open electronically controlled security barriers, like gates. Or, it could be from the inside. A drone can deliver the right tools to inmates so they can access areas of your facility. For example, a rope ladder (true story) that can be used to access roof deliveries. ## **4. CYBER SECURITY** ## Drones can be used to look for weak points in your network. A drone could be used to sniff your network and look for security vulnerabilities to exploit. Worst still, you may not know it’s happened. So even if a drone doesn’t look like it’s actively threatening your facility, it’s important to respond. Why? Because proactive response to drones in your airspace is a natural deterrent to future bad actors. ## **5. DRONE BORN IED** #### Many octocopter drones can easily carry a payload of 40 pounds or more. An explosive device, carried via drone, would bypass your ground-based security. And it could either be dropped (for immediate use or triggering later), or the drone simply crashed into your facility. The result, could be escape, injury, or worse, loss of life. ## **THE SOLUTION** The AirWarden™ drone detection system detects drones as they enter your airspace and locates both the drone and the pilot/controller. Once detected, alerts are sent to security personnel via command console, text or email. They can also be sent to local law enforcement, for a coordinated response. In addition, replays of a detection event can show you the best places to look for evidence to help build your case. And experience has shown that installation of a drone detection system can actually reduce contraband delivery attempts. --- ## 5 tips for Choosing a Drone Detection System URL: https://aerodefense.tech/5-tips-for-choosing-a-drone-detection-system/ New to drone detection? Just curious? Actively evaluating solutions? Here are 5 tips to help you when choosing a drone detection system. **1. Drone Detection Range isn’t a good comparison tool**** Why not? Because actual drone detection ranges vary greatly due to many factors, including: - Signal strength emitted by the drone and controller (e.g., a toy drone may emit a weaker signal than a commercial grade drone) - The amount of other ‘RF noise’ in the environment (busy urban environments make it much more difficult to detect actual drone signals) - Buildings and other objects in the environment that cause RF signals to be reflected or otherwise difficult to locate (e.g., a system with a 5 mile range in the desert may only achieve a 500 yard range in New York City) The only way to truly determine which drone detection solution has the best range in your environment is to conduct an on-site test. 2. Determine your priority: Drone Detection or Controller Detection**** At some of our prison customers, the priority is the drone. Their goal is to intercept the payload. But stadiums often want to know who is responsible for causing spectator panic or disrupting an event. For them, the ability to locate the drone controller is key. So when you plan demo missions or scenarios, make sure you test the drone detection solution features that are important to your business. 3. Make sure you understand all the costs**** Drone detection system costs vary widely, but here are some important considerations: - System costs (a system with many different types of sensors will be more expensive to buy, and test) - Annual licenses and support contracts - Installation costs - Sensor maintenance (which may include periodic testing, and in the case of camera sensors, regular cleaning) 4. In the United States it’s illegal to ‘take down’ a drone**** FAA regulations treat drones just like passenger aircraft. This means it’s illegal to interfere with a drone in flight. So, unless you’re a military entity, or you operate outside the United States, it is only legal to detect. 5. Decoding and demodulating a signal isn’t a good way to obtain location data ** Why? Here are 5 great reasons: - It’s illegal to decode and demodulate a signal between a drone and controller. It breaks federal wire tapping laws. Some drone detection system vendors claim their is no ‘expectation of privacy’ for an unencrypted RF signal, so they consider this method of detection as legal (our lawyers disagree), but the fact is, that argument will be irrelevant soon because… - Drone manufacturers have started encrypting their signals. And decoding an encrypted signal is definitely illegal. - In a high RF environment, the drone detection system may not detect anything because it can’t distinguish enough of the signal to decode and demodulate it. This method can be unreliable. - Drone and controller location data can be spoofed or faked, so it may not be accurate. - It’s slow. It takes much longer to decode and demodulate than other forms of detection. If you’re actively evaluating drone detection solutions and you’d like to learn more about how the AirWarden™ drone detection system can help you detect and locate both drones and pilots, please Contact Us. --- ## The Utilities Airspace Defense Playbook AirWarden Essentials Promotion URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/utilities-airspace-defense-playbook/utility-drone-detection-airwarden-essentials/ # SOLUTIONAeroDefense’s AirWarden® Essentials: Utility Drone Detection & Enforcement Engine AirWarden Essentials is the technical engine that makes federal and state laws enforceable. While statutes provide the “teeth,” they are useless without the forensic data required to trigger them. ## Closing the Evidence Gap with Utility Drone Detection Technology** AirWarden Essentials provides the objective, timestamped telemetry that turns a vague drone sighting into a prosecutable event. In the eyes of a District Attorney or an FAA Investigator, a visual sighting from a security guard is anecdotal. To issue a fine or make an arrest, they require digital certainty. AirWarden Essentials delivers this certainty through the following three core capabilities: ## 1. Real-Time Pilot Localization By instantly pinpointing the operator’s GPS coordinates, AirWarden allows you to put a patrol officer at the pilot’s feet while the drone is still in the air. This is the difference between a “lost lead” and a field interview to determine the pilot’s intent and safely land the drone. ## 2. Forensic Flight Logging The system captures flight paths, altitudes, and other Remote ID (RID) data. This provides the “Digital Fingerprint” needed to prove a drone breached a 400ft critical infrastructure boundary or hovered specifically near a sensitive control room window. ### New FAA Proposal: Federal Protection Requires Digital Proof On May 6, 2026, the FAA released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) for Section 2209, outlining a process for critical infrastructure to request federal flight restrictions. A key eligibility requirement in the proposal is the facility’s capability to receive and log Remote ID (RID) telemetry. By establishing a forensic logging baseline now with AirWarden Essentials, utilities ensure they are prepared to leverage these federal protections as they are codified into law. ## 3. Behavioral Pattern Recognition & Utility Drone Detection Analytics Beyond individual incidents, the AirWarden Essentials dashboard provides the macro-level intelligence needed to manage grid-wide risk. It aggregates Remote ID data from your deployments into actionable visual analytics, including: - Total Flight Volume:** A high-level view of all airspace activity over your facilities. - **Total Flights by UAS ID:** Automatically groups flights by specific aircraft, making it easy to identify persistent flights. - **Flight Count by Hour:** Identifies peak times for drone activity, allowing you to align security patrols or shift changes with high-risk windows. - **Total Flights per Alert Zone:** Visualizes which specific assets are being targeted most frequently. ### Advanced Forensic Filtering** The power of the dashboard lies in its Search and Filter capability. Security personnel can search for a specific UAS ID to visualize its activity and pull a full flight history. This allows you to prove a “pattern of behavior” to law enforcement—demonstrating that a flight wasn’t a one-time accident, but a deliberate, repeated reconnaissance effort. ## Maximum ROI, Minimum Complexity For the Utility Director managing multiple remote assets, AirWarden Essentials was built for the specific constraints of the grid: - Plug and Play Scalability:** Designed for rapid deployment at substations without the need for complex infrastructure. - **Low Cost of Ownership:** It provides the high-fidelity data of a military-grade system at a price point that allows for scalable deployment across substations. ## The Bottom Line: Proven Utility Drone Detection Laws are only as enforceable as the evidence supporting them. AirWarden Essentials provides the forensic certainty required to close the evidence gap, transforming your security team from passive observers into proactive enforcers of your aerial perimeter. By replacing anecdotal sightings with mathematical proof, you ensure that every incursion is met with a documented, actionable response. See Pricing Book a Meeting --- ## Whitepaper – The Utilities Airspace Defense Playbook: From Detection to Intelligence Driven Security URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/utilities-airspace-defense-playbook/ # WHITE PAPERThe Utilities Airspace Defense Playbook: From Detection to Intelligence Driven Security A strategic guide for utility security teams to transition from passive drone detection to proactive, law-based enforcement and intelligence-driven defense. ## Executive Summary** For utility providers—spanning expansive substations and power generation plants—the threat of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), more commonly known as drones, is no longer a theoretical concern; it is an operational reality. Drones have fundamentally shifted the threat landscape, providing an accessible platform for high-definition aerial reconnaissance that easily bypasses traditional perimeter fencing. For utility operators, the primary threat is an intentional act of sabotage designed to trigger a massive, cascading outage. However, a more frequent challenge to grid reliability has emerged: the ‘Clueless and Careless’ Hobbyist. As recreational drone use continues to surge, utility sites are seeing a rise in unauthorized flights from hobbyists who are simply unaware of the rules or the risks involved. Whether it is a malicious actor scouting a transformer bank or a hobbyist flying “too close” for a photo, the result is the same: an unacceptable risk to critical infrastructure. * The essential paradigm shift is moving your focus from the Aircraft to the Operator. While the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) owns the air, state and local authorities own the ground. By shifting your strategy to identifying and locating the pilot, you move the incident into a jurisdiction where local law enforcement can act. You aren’t “attacking a drone”; you are “interdicting a person” who is violating state trespassing or critical infrastructure laws. This guide provides the operational roadmap to leverage drone detection systems to identify, document, and build ‘prosecution-ready’ reports. Beyond the technology, we provide a strategic framework for enforcement, including specific examples of state and local laws—from Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) statutes to modernized ‘Peeping Tom’ and Trespass laws—that your team can leverage today. By turning digital data into actionable evidence, you move from passive observation to active enforcement and prevention, ensuring that both malicious actors and reckless hobbyists are held accountable under the full extent of the law. ## Section 1: The Ground Game: Leveraging State and Local Laws for Drone Incursions The FAA governs the flight. However, state and local authorities govern the criminality of the operator’s actions. As a utility, you have six primary legal levers to pull. Before we jump in, it is important to note that these laws are not self-enforcing. To a District Attorney or a responding officer, a visual sighting of a drone is merely “anecdotal.” To secure a citation or conviction, the legal system requires objective, digital certainty. Throughout this section, we will highlight how drone detection technology serves as the bridge between a violation and an arrest by providing the “Forensic Data Package” (GPS logs, serial numbers, and 3D flight paths) required for prosecution. We will dive into the specific technical requirements for these systems in Section 3 , but first, you must understand the legal levers they are designed to activate. ### 1. Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Statutes Over 30 states now have specific laws prohibiting drones from flying within a set distance (usually 400ft) of “target facilities.” The Law**: It is a criminal offense to fly over or near power plants, substations, or water facilities.** How to use it**: Your detection system provides the telemetry log that proves the drone crossed that legal boundary. Without this data, an officer cannot verify the distance breach required for a citation. ### 2. Potential Criminal Trespass & Privacy Violations While the FAA regulates U.S. airspace, utilities and other critical infrastructure operators may have legal protections against certain low-altitude drone operations, surveillance, or interference depending on state and local laws. **The Law**: Many states have enacted statutes restricting drone-based surveillance, critical infrastructure overflight or other unauthorized aerial activity under specific circumstances. Violations often depend on operator intent, proximity to protected assets, and whether the activity involves surveillance or operational interference.** How to use it**: Documented drone activity can provide important evidence for security investigations and support coordination with law enforcement when flight behavior suggests unauthorized reconnaissance, surveillance, or other potentially prohibited activity near utility infrastructure. ### 3. Harassment & Stalking If a specific operator repeatedly targets your facility or employees, it crosses from “nuisance” to “criminal harassment.” **The Law**: Repeatedly flying a drone near a specific person or facility after being warned to stop may trigger harassment, stalking, or related criminal scrutiny depending on jurisdiction and conduct.** How to use it**: Your system’s historical data allows you to show a “pattern of behavior.” Proving that “Drone Serial #XYZ” has been at this substation three times this week is the key to a harassment charge. ### 4. Launch and Recovery (The Ground-Control Lever)** While the FAA controls the flight, they do not control the ground. The Law (On-Property)**: A utility facility is restricted, private, or secure property. If a pilot enters your easement, right-of-way, or facility perimeter to launch, recover, or operate a drone, they are committing Criminal Trespass—and in many states, a felony-level violation of Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) laws.** The Law (Off-Property)**: If the pilot stays off your land but stands on nearby public property (like a municipal park or sidewalk), local governments cannot regulate their flight, but they can restrict their ground operations. Many municipalities explicitly ban the physical launch, landing, or operation of drones from public parks or specific rights-of-way.** How to use it**: If the detection system alerts you that the pilot’s GPS coordinates are inside your facility’s property lines or easements, dispatch internal security or local law enforcement immediately. Instruct responding officers to arrest or cite the operator for Criminal Trespass or Critical Infrastructure violations based on their physical presence on your secure land. If your system identifies the Pilot GPS on nearby public property (like a city park or sidewalk), check for local drone-launch bans. You can have law enforcement cite the operator for an unauthorized ground launch/operation under local municipal code, completely independent of their flight path. ### 5. Reckless Endangerment (The “Public Safety” Lever) This is a standard criminal charge that local police already understand. You don’t need a drone-specific statute to utilize this in any of the 50 states. **The Law**: It is illegal to create a “substantial risk of serious physical injury” or significant property damage through reckless behavior—such as flying within the “flash zone” or arcing distance of high-voltage equipment.** How to use it**: By utilizing 3D flight path data, you can prove the drone was flying within feet of energized assets (e.g., busbars or transformers). Documenting this proximity allows police to charge the pilot with Reckless Endangerment because a crash could trigger an explosion or fire, endangering both site personnel and the public. ### 6. National Security “Covered List” Violations (2026 Update) This is a strategic lever following the 2026 FCC and DHS “Covered List” updates regarding foreign-manufactured drone technology. **The Law**: As of early 2026, specific foreign-made drone systems and their communication components are classified as national security risks under the FCC “Covered List,” restricting their use near sensitive U.S. critical infrastructure.** How to use it**: Detection systems can identify the Manufacturer and serial number of the drone. If a device from a “Covered List” manufacturer is flagged loitering over your substation, the incident can be escalated to the FBI or DHS as a potential national security threat. This often triggers a much higher priority response than a standard local nuisance call. ### State Enforcement Examples ** State Primary Statute Utility Application Texas Gov. Code § 423.0045 Felony to fly over “Critical Infrastructure” facilities. Florida FS § 934.50 Prohibits unauthorized surveillance; allows for civil lawsuits. Arizona Rev. Stat. § 13-3729 Specifically prohibits loitering or photographing near critical facilities. Tennessee TN Code § 39-13-903 Class E Felony to fly within 250ft to conduct surveillance. Louisiana R.S. 14 §337 Prohibits unauthorized surveillance, data gathering, or recording of critical infrastructure. Arkansas AR Code § 5-60-103 Prohibits gathering evidence or recording critical infrastructure. Michigan HB 5319 Criminalizes hovering over or trespassing on critical infrastructure. Oklahoma HB 2599 Civil liability for damages; prohibits flights below 400ft. #### Important Note for Security Directors The information provided in this playbook is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute formal legal advice. These state enforcement examples are not exhaustive and are intended for informational purposes only. In 2026, state and local drone statutes are evolving rapidly, with many jurisdictions introducing “emergency” amendments to protect critical infrastructure. We strongly recommend consulting with your corporate legal counsel and local Law Enforcement Liaison to identify the specific ordinances applicable to your facility’s zip code. AeroDefense is a technology provider, not a law firm, and reliance on any legal frameworks presented herein is at the user’s own risk. ## Section 2: The Anatomy of an Actionable Incident Report for Utilities Airspace Defense Law enforcement and the FAA increasingly rely on Radio Frequency (RF) telemetry because it is objective, timestamped, and difficult for a pilot to refute. Data is more durable than video. When the “detect” alarm sounds at a substation, the goal is to generate a report that an officer can act upon immediately. Drone detection systems automate this by compiling a Digital Evidence Package containing: ### The “Who” (Pilot & Aircraft ID) Remote ID & Serial Numbers: Unique identifiers that link the drone to its registered owner. Pilot GPS Coordinates: The exact location of the operator. This is the most critical data point for a patrol officer. ### The “Where” (Geofence Breach Documentation) Altitude & 3D Flight Path: Proves the drone was low enough to be considered a nuisance or a threat to equipment. Dwell Time: Documentation of how long the drone hovered over sensitive assets (evidence of intent/surveillance). ### Who Gets What? The Enforcement Split Local/State Law Enforcement Federal (FAA / DOJ) Their Focus The Pilot:** Crimes happening now*. **The Aircraft:** Rules of the *sky*. What they want “Where is the person standing so I can talk to them?” “What is the drone’s serial number and flight path?” The Goal Stop **trespassing, harassment,** or **“Peeping Tom”** activity under state/local statutes. Issue fines ($75k+), revoke licenses, or press charges for **airway obstruction, sabotage,** or **critical infrastructure interference.** Drone Detection System Data **Live Pilot GPS**, dwell time over windows/assets, and launch/land location. **Remote ID**, Serial Number, Altitude logs, and **MAC address.** ### 1. What to give Local Law Enforcement (The “Immediate Response”)** When your security team calls 911 or dispatches local patrol, the officer doesn’t care about “airspace classes.” They care about Safety and Statutes. The Information Packet**:** The “Search Area”**: The exact GPS coordinates of where the pilot is standing right now. (This is the #1 most important thing a detection system provides).** The Violation**: Tell the officer: “The operator is in violation of `{`State Statute`}` for flying over Critical Infrastructure” or “The operator is using the drone for illegal surveillance of our control room.”** The Threat Level**: Is the drone hovering over high-voltage equipment? Is it a persistent “snooper”? ### 2. What to give the FAA (The “Investigative Follow-up”) You typically don’t call the FAA while the drone is in the air. You report the incident to the FAA Regional Operations Center (ROC) or a LEAP (Law Enforcement Assistance Program) agent after the fact. **The Information Packet**:** The “Digital License Plate”**: The Remote ID and Serial Number captured by your sensors. This allows the FAA to look up the pilot’s name and address in their database.** The Flight Logs**: A PDF export showing the drone’s altitude and 3D path. (e.g., “The drone flew at 100ft AGL, violating the rule to stay 400ft away from critical infrastructure.”)** Registration Status**: Your report helps the FAA determine if the drone was even registered (it’s a federal crime if it isn’t). #### FAA Best Practices and ROC Contact Info: FAA Drone Response Card #### More Info on Remote ID: A Quick Guide to Remote ID ### The “When” of Reporting: Strategic Timelines** A common mistake for security teams is trying to contact the FAA while the drone is still in the air. To ensure the best result, your security operations center should follow this reporting timeline: ### 1. Immediate (Real-Time): Call Local Law Enforcement If the drone is currently in your airspace, your only call should be to local patrol or 911. The Goal**: “Soft Mitigation” (standing next to the pilot to de-escalate and safely land the drone).** The Data**: Provide the Live Pilot GPS and the specific State Statute being violated. ### 2. Follow-Up (Within 24-48 Hours): Report to the FAA Once the immediate threat is over and the pilot has been identified or has left the area, you pivot to federal enforcement. You should report to the FAA Regional Operations Center (ROC) or your assigned LEAP (Law Enforcement Assistance Program) agent if: **A Law was Broken**: The drone flew over “Section 2209” protected infrastructure or violated Remote ID requirements.** Safety was Compromised**: The drone flew dangerously close to energized equipment or interfered with utility personnel.** The Pilot was Identified**: If local police issued a citation or conducted a field interview, the FAA needs that police report number and the drone’s serial number to initiate federal civil penalties. ### 3. The “Paper Trail” Advantage** Even if the police do not catch the pilot, you should still report every detected incursion to the FAA. Why?**: It builds a federal “priors” list. If the same drone serial number is reported at five different substations across three counties, the FAA will escalate the case from a “nuisance” to a Criminal Investigative priority. Your detection data provides the forensic chain of custody they need to link these incidents. ## Section 3: Scalability & Operational Feasibility of Detection Technologies Modern drone detection leverages three primary technologies. However, for a distributed utility grid, the transition from ‘technical possibility’ to ‘operational reality’ is determined by two critical factors: financial scalability and data certainty. ### 1. Remote Identification (RID): The Scalable “Digital License Plate”** As of 2023, most drones are legally required to broadcast their ID, altitude, and the GPS location of the pilot. Scalability**: Because RID technology leverages the drone’s own broadcast protocols (Wi-Fi/Bluetooth), receivers are significantly more affordable. RID is the only technology that is financially feasible to deploy across a grid of hundreds of substations.** Forensic Power**: It identifies the “Who” and “Where” with mathematical certainty, making it the preferred evidence for local law enforcement. ### 2. RF Spectrum Sensing: The High-Security Tier** This technology “listens” for raw radio signals between a controller and a drone, even if RID is not present. The Barrier**: While powerful, the cost per site is often prohibitive for grid-wide deployment. It is typically reserved for high-value “Tier 1” generation plants. ### 3. Radar: The False Positive Challenge** Radar uses active pulses to see physical objects. While a classic tool, it faces major hurdles in a utility environment: The False Positive Problem**: Radar cannot easily distinguish between a drone and a bird or wind-blown debris. In rural sites, this leads to “alarm fatigue,” where security teams eventually ignore the system.** Environmental Clutter**: Metal structures and high-tension wires create “multipath” reflections, often blinding radar or creating “ghost” targets. #### Note on Visual Verification Cameras are not included here as a primary detection technology and are deployed almost universally with radar to help mitigate false alarms. While video is useful for post-incident review, it can be grainy or obstructed. GPS telemetry and RF logs, however, provide the mathematical certainty required for legal prosecution. #### A Tiered Strategy for Scalable Utilities Airspace Defense The most effective utility security posture is not built with a single, expensive “silver bullet” technology. Instead, We recommend starting with Remote ID (RID) to establish a baseline of grid-wide visibility and then “layering in” more intensive technologies—like Spectrum Sensing or Radar—only at high-risk “Tier 1” sites where the specific threat profile justifies the added cost and complexity. ## Conclusion: Taking Command of Your Airspace In the age of the drone, we have learned a definitive lesson: there is no fence tall enough to protect a utility site. The traditional perimeter has been rendered obsolete. However, this shift doesn’t mean your facility is vulnerable; it means your security strategy must evolve. ### The Reality of Mitigation: A High-Stakes Last Resort While physical mitigation is technically possible, it remains a high-risk last resort that can only be legally executed by authorized law enforcement agencies. Under federal frameworks like the SAFER SKIES Act, counter-UAS mitigation authority is strictly limited to certified public safety agencies—not private utility operators. Furthermore, a disabled drone becomes a “falling brick” that can cause severe mechanical damage or trigger catastrophic lithium-ion battery fires in energized equipment. If law enforcement does engage in mitigation at your facility, it also triggers a massive administrative burden, including mandatory 48-hour federal reporting to the DOJ and DHS. More on the SAFER SKIES Act ### Strategic Deterrence: Recognizing Pre-Incident Behavior The true victory for a utility is not found in “winning a dogfight” in the sky, but in prevention through deterrence. Sophisticated physical attacks are rarely “cold starts”—they are preceded by reconnaissance flights designed to map assets, identify security camera blind spots, and measure response times. By leveraging continuous drone detection technology, you move from reacting to single flights to identifying trends and anomalies through historical reporting. ### Regulatory Alert: FAA Section 2209 Update (May 2026) The FAA has recently released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) regarding Section 2209, which outlines a formal process for critical infrastructure sites to petition for federal flight restrictions. A key takeaway for utility providers is the proposed requirement for facilities to maintain digital logging capabilities for RID telemetry. Regardless of the final rule’s specific language, the trend is clear: federal enforcement will rely on objective, timestamped forensic data. Utility security teams should prioritize systems that can verify and log these broadcast messages to ensure eligibility for future federal protections. FAA Fact Sheet Blog with More Info ### Taking Command through Intelligence By embracing an Operator-Centric model, you extend your perimeter miles beyond the physical fence line. With the precision of Remote ID and actionable telemetry, you gain the airspace awareness necessary to transform a silent potential threat into a documented, prosecutable event. By pinpointing a pilot’s location in seconds, you strip away their anonymity and harden your site against future incursions. You aren’t just watching the skies; you are taking command of them. By bridging the gap between detection and enforcement, you ensure the resilience of the grid and the safety of the communities you serve. The “fence” may have a limit, but with the right intelligence, your security doesn’t have to. --- ## AirWarden Essentials Overview for Utilities Unite 2026 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-utilities-unite/ # AirWarden® Essentials Powerful Drone Remote ID Detection. Practical Price. ## Drone Risk at Utilities Utilities face increasing risk from unauthorized or poorly operated drones that can disrupt operations and threaten the safety of critical infrastructure. Drones near substations, power plants, or transmission lines can interfere with maintenance, create hazards for personnel, or be used to observe sensitive assets. Without airspace awareness, utilities lack the visibility needed to identify and respond to drone activity before it leads to service disruptions or safety incidents. ## AirWarden Essentials Overview The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires drones to broadcast identifying information under a mandate known as drone Remote ID. AirWarden Essentials is a powerful, cost-effective subscription-based drone Remote ID solution that captures these broadcasts and delivers real-time insights directly to you. - The drone’s GPS location, altitude, and speed - The pilot’s location - The drone’s unique serial number - The drone’s make and model - And more ## Key Elements of AirWarden Essentials REAL-TIME TRACKING Locate the pilot so you can respond with confidence SETUP Hardware installs in minutes, no calibration required COLLABORATE Share system access and alerts with authorized partners WIDE-RANGE 2-30km for wide-area monitoring REPORTING Review flight paths and search Drone ID to spot repeat offenders Talk to Sales ## Monitor Multiple Locations from One Screen The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution provides a centralized view of drone activity across multiple facilities. Users can drill into alert zones to view real-time drone and pilot details, including flight path and altitude. ## Analyze Past Incidents Powerful history reporting tools let users review past drone activity and flight paths, while the Dashboard uses clear charts to show repeat drone activity across alert zones and flight volume by hour—revealing patterns that may indicate pre-operational planning for nefarious activity. ## How Does AirWarden Essentials Deploy? Install our state-of-the-art AirWarden Receiver. The installation takes about 30 minutes or less.  Log in to the online AirWarden Essentials interface & create your alert zone or zones.  Begin to detect drones in your airspace for miles around your facility. ## What Does the AirWarden Essentials Hardware and Software Look Like? The small AirWarden Remote ID Receiver installs on a pole in less than ten minutes (no technical experience needed) and automatically connects to the cloud-based software over LTE or Ethernet. We provide the hardware, mounting equipment, and power supply, so all you have to do is choose your installation location, mount the device and plug it in! Request Specifications ### Permanent Deployment ### Temporary Deployment ## How Much Does AirWarden Essentials Cost? One location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users #### Share detection data, system visibility, and alerts with authorized partners for no additional charge - Local Law Enforcement - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Private security ## Talk to Sales The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution was built for organizations that need airspace awareness for one or more sites but don’t have a six-figure budget. It’s quick to deploy and easy to use. If you’re not ready for a demo, let us walk you through how it works and answer your questions. --- ## AirWarden Essentials Overview for MLS Security Meeting 2026 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-mls-2026/ # AirWarden® Essentials Wide-Range, Scalable Drone Detection for Major League Soccer ## Drone Risk and FEMA Counter-UAS Funding Unauthorized drones pose safety risks for fans and players in crowded stadiums and can cause panic, disrupt crowd management, and delay or interrupt events—potentially leading to financial impacts related to televised coverage. To support airspace security at FIFA events, FEMA has made Counter-UAS (C-UAS) grant funding available. While not all stadiums are directly eligible, the 11 host cities can leverage these grants to deploy drone detection solutions. ## AirWarden Essentials Overview The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires drones to broadcast identifying information under a mandate known as drone Remote ID. AirWarden Essentials is a powerful, cost-effective subscription-based drone Remote ID solution that captures these broadcasts and delivers real-time insights directly to you. - The drone’s GPS location, altitude, and speed - The pilot’s location - The drone’s unique serial number - The drone’s make and model - And more ## MLS System of Choice The safety of MLS events is an ongoing priority in an emerging threat landscape. After examining several detection service providers, we were pleased to connect with AeroDefense. Their flexibility and client centered approach was a natural fit for our clubs/ venues. We appreciate their support as we work to reduce the risk and increase the safety of our fixtures and facilities. -Quote from Jeff Stonebreaker, Senior Vice President of Safety and Security for Major League Soccer ## Key Elements of AirWarden Essentials REAL-TIME TRACKING Locate the pilot so you can respond with confidence SETUP Hardware installs in minutes, no calibration required COLLABORATE Share system access and alerts with authorized partners WIDE-RANGE 2-30km for wide-area monitoring REPORTING Review flight paths and search Drone ID to spot repeat offenders Talk to Sales ## Analyze Past Incidents Powerful history reporting tools let users review past drone activity and flight paths, while the Dashboard makes it easy to see if a drone has appeared multiple times—potentially signaling pre-operational planning for nefarious activity. Charts also visualize repeat activity across alert zones and flight volume by hour. ## Deployment Process Install our state-of-the-art AirWarden Receiver. The installation takes about 30 minutes or less.  Log in to the online AirWarden Essentials interface & create your alert zone or zones.  Begin to detect drones in your airspace for miles around your facility. ## Deployment Options ### Set up at your stadium, practice fields, or take it with you when you travel. The small AirWarden Remote ID Receiver installs on a pole in less than ten minutes (no technical experience needed) and automatically connects to the cloud-based software over LTE or Ethernet. We provide the hardware, mounting equipment, and power supply, so all you have to do is choose your installation location, mount the device and plug it in! ### Permanent Deployment ### Temporary Deployment Request Specifications ## How Much Does AirWarden Essentials Cost? One location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users #### Share detection data, system visibility, and alerts with authorized partners for no additional charge - Major League Soccer - Local Law Enforcement - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Private security ## Talk to Sales AeroDefense is the trusted drone detection provider for Major League Soccer. We work directly with stadium security, operations, and public safety teams to deliver real-time visibility into unauthorized drone activity—helping teams distinguish between approved and potentially disruptive flights. Speak with our team to learn how AirWarden® integrates into matchday security operations and provides actionable intelligence before a drone impacts play or safety. --- ## Sitemap URL: https://aerodefense.tech/sitemap/ # Sitemap Welcome to our website sitemap. Here you’ll find a complete overview of all pages, including our products, services, resources, and blog articles.**Use this sitemap to quickly navigate and discover the content you need, ensuring a seamless browsing experience across our site. ### Pages - Homepage - Drone concerns - How Drone Detection Laws Work - Which Solution is Right for Me - How AirWarden Essentials Works - How to Install the AirWarden Receiver - Why Choose AeroDefense - AirWarden Essentials Free Trial - AirWarden Solutions Comparison - Book a meeting   ### Products - Products - Airwarden Essentials - Airwarden Spectrum - Drone Challenges - Legality - SAFETY Act - Testimonials - Pricing   ### Use Cases - Use Cases - Correctional Facilities - Critical Infrastructure - Stadiums   ### Resources - Resources - Support - FAQ - Videos ###   ### Helpful Guides - Evaluating Drone Detection 7 Must Ask Questions - DJI Aeroscope vs. AeroDefense AirWarden ###   ### Free On-Demand Webinars - Drone Law Ordinance - Drone Response Guidelines - Drone Response Checklist - FAA Drone TFR ###   ### Virtual Demonstrations - AirWarden Portable Drone Detector ###   ### AirWarden Hardware Spec Sheets - Remote ID Receiver - Spectrum Sensor - Direction Finder Module ### Trainings - Drone Spotting ####  ** ### Whitepapers - Whitepaper ####   ### Customer Success Stories - Drone Detection for Colleges - Drone Detection for Stadiums - Drone Detection for Prisons #### ** ** ### Blog - Blog**** ### Posts by Category - Drone Detection - Remote ID - Drone Detection Legality - Drone Mitigation - Protecting Correctional Facilities - Protecting Military - Protecting Public Events - Protecting Critical Infrastructure - Protecting Law Enforcement - Protecting Stadiums****   ### About Us - About Us - Contact - Careers - Press - Partners   ### Login - AirWarden Essentials - Knowledge Base - AeroDefense Academy - Privacy Policy - Terms of Use - Request Demo   --- ## Landing Page – U-RAPTOR Data Request URL: https://aerodefense.tech/u-raptor-data-request/ ## AirWarden and AIU-RAPTOR Data Placeholder Simply fill out the form and we’ll contact you with the dataset. --- ## Webinar – ON DEMAND Drone TFR Webinar (Ron Leach) URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/drone-tfr/ https://youtu.be/GIKQm0Og3Aw --- ## Webinar – Drone TFR with Ron Leach URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/faa-drone-flight-restrictions-at-events/ ## WEBINARFAA Drone Flight Restrictions at Events: What You Should Know Drone flight restrictions are reshaping how event organizers, venue operators, and security professionals manage airspace. With the FAA implementing Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) specific to large public gatherings, understanding the rules and how they impact your operations is more important than ever. This webinar will break down what these restrictions mean, how they are enforced, and what steps organizations should take to stay compliant and secure. Join **Ron Leach** of **Leach Strategic Partners** as he explains the practical implications of FAA drone flight restrictions and TFRs for events. Whether you oversee stadium security, manage large venues, or coordinate public gatherings, this session will equip you with actionable insights to protect your facility and respond effectively when drones enter restricted airspace. ### In this webinar we will discuss: 1. The history of TFRs 2. Who is covered under the FAA’s drone specific TFR 3. How to apply for coverage for your site 4. How organizations can build effective response strategies for drones https://youtu.be/GIKQm0Og3Aw ## Who is Leach Strategic Partners? Leach Strategic Partners, LLC was founded by Ron Leach, a 23-year veteran of the New Jersey State Police (NJSP) with more than 30 years of aviation experience. Ron’s background includes serving 15 years in the NJSP Aviation Bureau, flying a wide range of helicopters. He holds multiple FAA ratings — including Airline Transport Pilot and Flight Instructor — and in 2016 became the first NJSP pilot to earn the FAA Remote Pilot certification. For more information, visit www.leachsp.com Resources --- ## Webinar – ON DEMAND Drone Response Checklist Webinar (Covered 6) URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/on-demand-drone-response-checklist/ https://youtu.be/d0RRbu0-kU0 --- ## Webinar – Drone Response with Covered 6 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/drone-response-checklist/ ## WEBINARDrone Response Checklist: What to Do on Private vs. Public Property As drones become more common in both public and private airspace, having a flexible, portable detection system is critical for environments like stadiums, campuses, and temporary events where coverage needs can quickly change. In this video, Covered 6 executives **Mike Grant**, Chief Operations Officer and **Adam Rider**, Director of Drone Operations — walk through a practical **drone response checklist**. They share insights on how to evaluate the environment, identify the threat, and select the right response strategy based on the situation. ### In this drone response checklist webinar we will discuss: 1. An inside look at Covered 6 — who they are and how they deploy drone detection systems in real-world operations. 2. Step-by-step response protocol — how Covered 6 handles drone alerts, including actions taken when the pilot is located on public vs. private property. 3. Post-incident documentation — what gets recorded and why it matters. 4. Proactive strategies — preventative measures facility and property managers can take to reduce drone-related risks. https://youtu.be/d0RRbu0-kU0 ## Who is Covered 6? Covered 6 is a group of highly experienced trainers and consultants with backgrounds in law enforcement, military, legal community and corporate security. Many of their cadre have gained their experience in austere environments, real life combat scenarios, and major crisis management, both stateside and abroad. For more information, visit www.covered6.com Resources --- ## Terms of Use URL: https://aerodefense.tech/terms-of-use/ # Terms of Use Welcome to AeroDefense.tech. Please read these Terms of Use carefully before using our website. By accessing or using the site, you agree to be bound by the following terms and conditions. If you do not agree, please do not use this site. ### 1. Acceptance of Terms**** By using this website, you acknowledge that you have read, understood, and agreed to these Terms of Use and our Privacy Policy. ### 2. Use of Website This website is intended for informational and commercial purposes related to AeroDefense products and services. You agree to use the site lawfully and not to: - Disrupt or interfere with site functionality - Attempt unauthorized access to systems or data - Copy, reproduce, or distribute content without permission   ### 3. Intellectual Property All content on this site-including text, graphics, logos, videos, and software—is the property of AeroDefense or its licensors and is protected by U.S. and international intellectual property laws. Unauthorized use is prohibited. ### 4. Disclaimer of Warranties This site and its content are provided “as is” without warranties of any kind, express or implied. AeroDefense does not warrant the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of information presented on the site. ### 5. Limitation of Liability To the fullest extent permitted by law, AeroDefense shall not be liable for any damages arising from your use of the website, including but not limited to direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages. ### 6. Governing Law and Jurisdiction These Terms are governed by the laws of the State of New Jersey. Any disputes shall be resolved in the Federal District Court of New Jersey, or, if unavailable, a state court located in New Jersey. ###   ### 7. Modifications AeroDefense may update these Terms of Use at any time without notice. Continued use of the site constitutes acceptance of any changes. ### ** ** ### 8. Contact Us For questions regarding these Terms of Use, please contact us at: **Sales@AeroDefense.tech** --- ## Webinar – ON DEMAND Drone Response Webinar (Dave Krause) URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/on-demand-drone-response-for-public-safety/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nPIg9EPvK8 --- ## Webinar – FAA Drone Pro URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/drone-response-for-public-safety/ ## WEBINARDrone Response for Public Safety: Insights from an FAA Drone Pro This is the first webinar in an educational webinar series to help government, public safety, security and law enforcement personnel better understand what and how they can respond to drone incidents. Join us for an in-depth webinar featuring **Dave Krause**, FAA Drone Pro and Co-Founder of **Influential Drones**, as he breaks down what public safety agencies need to know about drone operations and the laws that govern them. You’ll learn how to respond to unauthorized or suspicious drone activity, what your agency can and can’t do under current FAA regulations, and how Remote ID plays a role in airspace awareness. Dave brings extensive experience advising public safety teams and will share practical guidance to help your agency stay compliant and ready. ### In this drone response for public safety webinar we will discuss: 1. Airspace ownership 2. State vs. federal drone laws 3. Drone bans at critical infrastructure 4. Remote ID overview 5. Legal response options & FAA reporting 6. When drone use becomes criminal 7. Role of detection in public safety response https://youtu.be/2nPIg9EPvK8 ## Want a copy of the presentation? Fill out the form and we’ll email you a copy of the presentation slides. These slides cover key insights from the webinar to help your team understand drone laws, Remote ID, and how public safety agencies can respond to drone activity. ## Who is Influential Drones? Influential Drones, founded in 2017 and based in New Jersey, specializes in integrating mobile robotic and aerial systems—providing commercial drone services, training, consulting, and equipment sales across public and enterprise customers. They offer FAA-authorized operations including night flights, BVLOS missions, and flights over people, backed by a fleet of over a dozen drones and certified pilots. For more information, visit www.influentialdrones.com Resources --- ## Book A Meeting URL: https://aerodefense.tech/aerodefense-book-meeting/ # REQUEST DEMOTake Control of Your Airspace. Book a Demo with Our Experts. We’re here to answer your questions and learn about your needs. ## Let’s Talk Drone Detection See how our AirWarden® platform tracks drones and pilots in real time to give your team instant airspace awareness. Schedule a personalized, secure demonstration with our experts today. --- ## FREE TRIAL – AirWarden Essentials URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-free-trial/ ## Try AirWarden Essentials Free Get hands-on access to AirWarden Essentials and see how easy and effective drone detection can be. ### What You’ll Get During Your 30-Day Trial REAL-TIME TRACKING Real-time alerts with pilot location and other info ACCESS FROM ANYWHERE Intuitive interface accessible from desktop, tablet, or mobile DASHBOARD • Total drone flights over your site** • Total flights by UAS ID • Flight count by hour to uncover trends and patterns WIDE-RANGE 2-30km detection coverage for one site QUICK DEPLOYMENT Compact hardware that deploys in minutes ## No obligation. No complex setup. Just real insight into what’s happening in your airspace — when, where, and by whom. Whether you’re dealing with occasional drone activity or building a long-term airspace awareness strategy, this trial gives you a chance to see how easy it is to detect, monitor, and respond in real time. ✅ Install the AirWarden Remote ID Receiver** and connect to power. ✅ Log in to the software & create your alert zone. ✅ You’re ready to start detecting! See the system in action before making any commitment. Simply fill out the form and we’ll be in touch to set up your free AirWarden trial. ## Experience our AirWarden Essentials free trial and explore an affordable, proven drone detection solution firsthand. ## Try Before You Buy ## Frequently Asked Questions What does installation require? We provide the AirWarden Remote ID Receiver, mounting hardware, and power supply, so all you have to do is choose your installation location, mount the device and plug it in! The receiver can be mounted with the pole-mount kit to any 2-6″ diameter pole including a tripod. The receiver should be mounted with good line of sight to the area of interest. We provide a short installation guideline document with all the information you need to know, but our support team is available for assistance too! How does the unit connect to the network? The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver connects to the cloud-based software over LTE or ethernet. The Receiver comes with a multicarrier SIM card compatible with Verizon, T-Mobile and AT&T. What is the cost if we decide to keep the service? AirWarden Essentials is a scalable, cost-effective drone detection solution priced at $9,987 annually per site. This includes unlimited users.  --- ## Product Comparison: AeroDefense AirWarden vs DJI Aeroscope URL: https://aerodefense.tech/dji-aeroscope-vs-aerodefense-airwarden/ ## Product ComparisonAeroDefense AirWarden vs DJI Aeroscope Compare DJI Aeroscope with AeroDefense’s AirWarden system in this concise product comparison guide. With DJI discontinuing support for Aeroscope, many organizations are looking for a reliable, scalable, and future-ready replacement. This resource outlines key differences between the two systems—including detection capabilities, Remote ID compliance, scalability, deployment process, and long-term support. Whether you’re just starting to evaluate options or urgently need a replacement, this guide will help you understand which solution fits your security and operational needs. Download now to make an informed choice. ### In this guide we will cover the following: 1. Detection/Location 2. Pricing 3. Installation 4. Support 5. Country of Origin Resources --- ## List – Evaluating Drone Detection: 7 Must-Ask Questions URL: https://aerodefense.tech/evaluating-drone-detection-7-must-ask-questions/ ## Buyer’s GuideEvaluating Drone Detection Systems – 7 Must-Ask Questions Evaluating drone detection systems can be overwhelming, especially with so many technologies, features, and vendors claiming to offer the “best” solution. That’s why we created this practical guide — Evaluating Drone Detection Systems: 7 Must-Ask Questions — to help you cut through the noise. Whether you’re protecting a single facility or multiple sites, these questions will help you uncover hidden costs, assess real-world effectiveness, and ensure the system you choose aligns with your security goals, operational needs, and budget. ### In this guide we will cover questions related to: 1. Types of Drones 2. Range 3. Legality 4. Flexibility 5. Multi-Location 6. Total Cost 7. Training Resources --- ## Webinar – MetLife Stadium Drone Ordinance URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/drone-laws-webinar-professional-sports-stadium-drone-ordinance/ ## WEBINARDrone Laws: How One Professional Sports Stadium Helped Pass a Local Ordinance and What Others Can Learn Join us for an inside look at drone laws and airspace security around professional sports stadiums, featuring insights from a former station commander who oversaw safety at one of the nation’s most high-profile venues. This webinar explores the real-world challenges of managing airspace intrusions during large events, how that stadium helped pass a local drone ordinance, and the role of drone detection technology and response procedures in protecting public safety. Whether you’re with a city agency or venue, you’ll gain practical takeaways on crafting effective drone laws, deploying detection solutions, and improving operator awareness. ### In this drone laws webinar we will discuss: 1. How one professional sports stadium recognized the growing drone problem and took action 2. More about the local drone law (ordinance) that was passed 3. Real-world response procedures for unauthorized drone flights 4. Lessons from the stadium’s drone law experience that other venues and agencies can apply https://youtu.be/3Jvv3BUC1-o Resources --- ## AirWarden Direction Finder Module Technical Specs URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-drone-direction-finder-module-technical-specs/ ## SPEC SHEETAirWarden® Drone Direction Finder Module Spec Sheet The AirWarden Drone Direction Finder (DF) Module is designed to work in conjunction with AirWarden Spectrum Sensors. AirWarden DF Modules are compatible with AirWarden Classic. Classic is a system which has been operationally deployed since 2017 with a wide breadth of end customers including colleges, governments, and private security. AirWarden DF Modules mount permanently to existing infrastructure. Download Spec Sheet ### Request AirWarden Drone Direction Finder Spec Sheet Want to know the size, weight, and power of the device? What about detection range? All of this and more are included in the AirWarden Direction Finder Module Spec Sheet. Simply fill out the form and you’ll get access right away. ## How The Drone Direction Finder Module Works The DF Module utilizes spectrum sensing over a series of directional antennas and applies machine learning algorithms to determine the Angle of Arrival (AoA). The AoA information is used alongside data collected from other sensors to assist with location of devices. ## What Makes The Drone Direction Finder Module Unique The DF Module provides a cost effective way to deploy a single AirWarden Spectrum Sensor to locate drones not compliant with Remote ID or enhance accuracy of networked spectrum sensors. The DF Module allows for spectrum sensing deployments with minimal footprint. The module enables small facilities to employ spectrum sensing at a single installation location and eliminates the need to spread spectrum sensors hundreds of yards apart. ### Most Common Use Cases #### Sites where only one deployment location can be used #### Large deployments covering square miles ### Deployments where environmental obstructions will impact pure Sensor deployments Resources --- ## AirWarden Spectrum Sensor Technical Specs URL: https://aerodefense.tech/rf-drone-detection-specs-airwarden/ ## SPEC SHEETAirWarden® Spectrum Sensor Spec Sheet AirWarden Spectrum Sensors offer advanced RF drone detection, compatible with FAA Remote Identification broadcasts and also detect non-broadcasting RF communications between drones and their controllers. AirWarden Spectrum Sensors are compatible with AirWarden Classic. Classic is a system which has been operationally deployed since 2017 with a wide breadth of end customers including colleges, governments, and private AirWarden Spectrum Sensors deploy permanently to framing or C-strut. Download Spec Sheet ### Request Spec Sheet AirWarden Spectrum Sensors monitor the local RF environment and utilize advanced machine learning algorithms when drone-like signals are transmitted. In order to remain compliant with federal privacy laws, the sensors do not read any of those signals’ content. Instead they look for patterns of the RF emissions that are out of the norm. Want to know the size, weight, and power of the device? What about detection range? All of this and more are included in the AirWarden Spectrum Sensor Spec Sheet. Simply fill out the form and you’ll get access right away. ## How RF Drone Detection with Spectrum Sensing Works AirWarden Spectrum Sensors monitor the local RF environment and utilize advanced machine learning algorithms when drone-like signals are transmitted. In order to remain compliant with federal privacy laws, the sensors do not read any of those signals’ content. Instead they look for patterns of the RF emissions that are out of the norm. More about Legality ## What Makes RF Drone Detection with Spectrum Sensing Unique AirWarden Spectrum Sensors identify both drones that broadcast Remote ID and those that do not by monitoring communication signals within the radio frequency spectrum. This approach also complies with federal privacy laws, as it avoids demodulating or decoding the signals. ### Most Common Use Cases #### Law Enforcement Large public gatherings/events #### Businesses Facility Protection ### Critical Infrastructure Facility Protection #### Department of Defense Drone Protection #### Stadiums Games/events Resources --- ## Resources URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/ # HELPFUL CONTENTResources A wide range of educational resources dedicated to drone detection ## Explore AeroDefense’s Resources Our collection includes training, templates, demos, webinars, and expert insights designed to help organizations understand and address drone threats effectively. Whether you’re looking for in-depth information on drone detection technologies or risk management strategies, our resources are here to support your airspace security needs. # Explore AeroDefense’s Resources Our collection includes training, templates, demos, webinars, and expert insights designed to help organizations understand and address drone threats effectively. Whether you’re looking for in-depth information on drone detection technologies or risk management strategies, our resources are here to support your airspace security needs. # Helpful Guides #### Evaluating Drone Detection Systems – 7 Must-Ask Questions This quick-read checklist helps you compare options, uncover hidden costs, and choose the right solution for your needs. Download #### AeroDefense AirWarden Essentials vs. DJI Aeroscope Product Comparison Compare AirWarden Essentials to the now-discontinued DJI Aeroscope and discover why AirWarden is the smart replacement. Download # Free On-Demand Webinars #### Drone Law Ordinance Drone Laws: How One Professional Sports Stadium Helped Pass a Local Ordinance Watch Webinar #### Drone Response Guidelines Drone Response for Public Safety: Insights from an FAA Drone Pro Watch Webinar #### Drone Response Checklist How to Respond to Drone Detections on Private vs. Public Property Watch Webinar #### FAA Drone TFR FAA Drone Flight Restrictions at Events: What You Should Know Watch Webinar # Virtual Demonstrations #### AirWarden Portable Drone Detector See how quick and easy mobile drone detection can actually be Watch Demo # AirWarden Hardware Spec Sheets #### Remote ID Receiver The hardware that powers AirWarden Essentials’ permanent and temporary deployments Download #### Spectrum Sensor The fixed sensor hardware that powers AirWarden Classic’s multi-sensor detection network Download #### Direction Finder Module The hardware that powers or enhances AirWarden Classic single or multi-sensor fixed deployments Download # Trainings #### Drone Spotting Free training on how to spot drones—day or night, at varying distances and altitudes. Access Training # Whitepapers #### Utilities Airspace Defense Free Whitepaper: The Utilities Airspace Defense Playbook: From Detection to Intelligence Driven Security Read Now #### Drone Detection Laws Free Whitepaper: Legal and Regulatory Considerations for Implementing Drone Threat Security Solutions Download # Case Studies/Customer Success Stories #### University of Washington How one university enhanced campus security by implementing drone detection Download #### MetLife Stadium Why one major stadium chose Radio Frequency over other drone detection methods Download #### GA Dept. of Corrections How one Dept. of Corrections saw significant results after installing drone detection Download --- ## AirWarden Essentials Mobile Drone Detection – VIDEO PAGE URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-mobile-drone-detection-on-demand-video/ https://youtu.be/9ayeUjYJhaI --- ## AirWarden Essentials Mobile Drone Detection URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-portable-drone-detector/ Virtual Demo # Portable Drone Detector – AirWarden® Essentials In just 3 minutes, see how AirWarden Essentials works as a rapid, portable drone detector—no permanent infrastructure required. ### Key Benefits Comprehensive Detection Identifies drones from many manufacturers for several miles around Rapid Deployment Set up and operational in roughly 10 minutes for immediate drone detection Unmatched Value Get powerful temporary drone detection at a fraction of the cost of traditional systems, without compromising on quality ### Watch the Portable Drone Detector Virtual Demo Now Need a temporary drone detection solution without compromising performance or your budget? We designed AirWarden Essentials to deliver reliable, permanent protection with the flexibility to deploy it temporarily wherever you need it. And with pricing under $10k annually, it opens the door for more agencies and use cases than ever before. In just over 3 minutes, this virtual demo walks you through how quickly your team can deploy the system and begin detecting drones in real time. ## Most Common Use Cases #### Law Enforcement Large public gatherings/events #### Emergency Management Response to Natural Disasters #### VIP/Dignitary Protection Situational awareness for high-profile movements Resources --- ## AirWarden Spectrum Overview URL: https://aerodefense.tech/rf-drone-detection-system-airwarden/ # AirWarden® Spectrum Advanced RF Drone Detection System ## What is AirWarden Spectrum? AirWarden Spectrum detects all drones—whether or not they broadcast Remote ID. The system uses spectrum sensing, without the need to examine signal content, to constantly scan the airwaves, much like a Geiger counter scans for radiation—alerting you the moment it picks up any drone activity. A Direction Finder module gives you drone range and bearing while multiple sensors work together to provide more precise location estimates. ## Who Needs AirWarden Spectrum? Organizations with high-security environments that are targets of intentional attacks of some sort may want to add a detection layer on top of Remote ID detection. Remote ID Detection ## What Are The Key Elements of AirWarden Spectrum? REAL-TIME TRACKING Detects Remote ID and non-broadcasting drones SETUP Thorough calibration process to filter ambient signals INVESTMENT Appropriate for more smaller highly sensitive areas with larger budgets WIDE-RANGE 1-2km beyond a sensor network perimeter REPORTING Analyze past drone activity to guide response strategy Talk to Sales ## How Does AirWarden Spectrum Deploy? Confirm network and power for the device(s) and install the hardware that will support your deployment. AeroDefense conducts flight and environmental calibration that takes place over about two weeks. After a quick 30–60 minute training, we turn the system over to you—so you can begin detecting drones right away. ## What Does the AirWarden Spectrum Hardware Look Like? AirWarden Spectrum Sensors and Direction Finder Modules mount to existing infrastructure and are installed by trained personnel typically to framing or C-strut. AirWarden Mobile Spectrum Sensors are designed to mount to tripods or in vehicles and come with a custom designed 3d printed adapter for each. ## Permanent DeploymentSpectrum Sensor Organizations typically deploy AirWarden Spectrum Sensors in networks of three or more sensors. Request Technical Specs ## Permanent DeploymentDirection Finder Organizations typically deploy AirWarden Direction Finder Modules with a permanently deployed AirWarden Spectrum Sensor. Request Technical Specs ## Temporary DeploymentSpectrum Sensor Organizations typically deploy AirWarden Mobile Spectrum Sensors on a tripod, in a vehicle or on a boat. Spec sheet coming soon. ## How Much Does AirWarden Spectrum Cost? AirWarden Spectrum is a highly customizable RF drone detection system. Pricing depends on factors like sensor selection, site layout, and your specific use case. Talk to our sales team to get a tailored quote that fits your needs. Talk to Sales ## What Are The Most Common Use Cases? #### Department of Defense Drone Protection #### Correctional Facilities Drone-borne contraband response & prevention ## Request a Meeting or Demo If you’re looking for a permanent or mobile/temporary drone detection solution that can detect Remote ID and even non-Remote ID drones, AirWarden Spectrum might be the right fit. But every site and mission is different. Our team can walk you through how the system works, help you compare it to other options like AirWarden Essentials, and show you what a networked deployment could look like for your location. Whether you’re early in the process or ready for a demo, we’re here to help you make the best decision for your airspace. ** ## Looking for a Cost-Effective Solution? If you primarily need to detect Remote ID-compliant drones, our cost-effective AirWarden Essentials** solution may be the right fit. AirWarden Essentials delivers real-time airspace awareness for under $10k annually. AirWarden Essentials --- ## AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Technical Specs URL: https://aerodefense.tech/remote-id-receiver-specs-airwarden/ ## SPEC SHEETAirWarden® Remote ID Receiver Spec Sheet The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver is a compact and reliable drone remote ID scanner that is fully compatible with the FAA’s mandated Remote Identification broadcasts. Its small form factor allows for easy installation with no regular maintenance required. AirWarden Receivers integrate seamlessly with all AeroDefense solutions, including both Classic and Essentials. They can be deployed permanently or used temporarily on a tripod for flexible coverage. ### Request AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Spec Sheet Want to know the size, weight, and power of the device? What about detection range? All of this and more are included in the AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Spec Sheet. Simply fill out the form and you’ll get access right away. ## How The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Works The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver acts as a continuous drone remote ID scanner and constantly monitors the local radio frequency environment to scan for Remote ID broadcasts. Some drones are technically compliant with the FAA Remote ID rule before they are officially compliant. The list of compliant drones is continuously growing. FAA Compliance List ## What Makes The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Unique Since the FAA Remote ID is a federal mandate enforced at both the drone manufacturer and pilot levels, the AirWarden Receiver delivers valuable information for compliant drones without the need for more advanced spectrum sensor technology. Learn More ### Most Common Use Cases #### Law Enforcement Large public gatherings/events #### Businesses Facility Protection ### Critical Infrastructure Facility Protection #### Campuses Facility Protection #### Drone Academies Airspace Awareness Resources --- ## AirWarden Essentials Overview URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-remote-id-drone-detection-airwarden/ # AirWarden® Essentials Powerful Drone Remote ID Detection. Practical Price. ## What is AirWarden Essentials? The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires drones to broadcast identifying information under a mandate known as drone Remote ID. AirWarden Essentials is a powerful, cost-effective subscription-based drone Remote ID solution that captures these broadcasts and delivers real-time insights directly to you. You’ll receive critical details such as the drone’s location, pilot location, speed, altitude, and serial number — giving you the airspace awareness you need to respond with confidence. ## Who Needs AirWarden Essentials? The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution gives security teams an affordable, effective way to monitor drone activity in their airspace. Unlike other drone detection systems that can cost hundreds of thousands (sometimes millions) of dollars, AirWarden Essentials starts in the low four-figure range and can cover up to roughly 40 square miles for a vast majority of locations, which makes it one of the most accessible solutions available. ## What Are The Key Elements of AirWarden Essentials? REAL-TIME TRACKING Monitor Remote ID drone activity at one or multiple sites SETUP Hardware installs in minutes, no calibration required INVESTMENT Highly scalable for large multi-location deployments or small sites WIDE-RANGE 2-30km for wide-area monitoring REPORTING Review flight paths and search Drone ID to spot repeat offenders Talk to Sales ## Monitor Multiple Locations from One Screen The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution provides a centralized view of drone activity across multiple facilities. Users can drill into alert zones to view real-time drone and pilot details, including flight path and altitude. ## Analyze Past Incidents Powerful history reporting tools let users review past drone activity and flight paths, while the Dashboard makes it easy to see if a drone has appeared multiple times—potentially signaling pre-operational planning for nefarious activity. Charts also visualize repeat activity across alert zones and flight volume by hour. ## How Does AirWarden Essentials Deploy? Install our state-of-the-art AirWarden Receiver. The installation takes about 30 minutes or less.  Log in to the online AirWarden Essentials interface & create your alert zone or zones.  Begin to detect drones in your airspace for miles around your facility. ## What Does the AirWarden Essentials Hardware and Software Look Like? The small AirWarden Remote ID Receiver installs on a pole in less than ten minutes (no technical experience needed) and automatically connects to the cloud-based software over LTE or Ethernet. We provide the hardware, mounting equipment, and power supply, so all you have to do is choose your installation location, mount the device and plug it in! Request Specifications ### Permanent Deployment ### Temporary Deployment ## How Much Does AirWarden Essentials Cost? One location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users #### Share detection data, system visibility, and alerts with authorized partners for no additional charge - Local Law Enforcement - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Department of War (DoW) - Private security ## What Are The Most Common Use Cases? #### Law Enforcement Large public gatherings/events #### Businesses Facility Protection ### Critical Infrastructure Facility Protection #### Campuses/Stadiums Facility Protection #### Drone Academies Airspace Awareness ## Talk to Sales The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution was built for organizations that need airspace awareness for one or more sites but don’t have a six-figure budget. It’s quick to deploy, easy to use, and starts at just $9,987 annually per site. Whether you’re responsible for public safety, infrastructure security, or campus protection, a quick demo will show you how AirWarden Essentials detects drones and their pilots in real time. Or if you’re not ready for a demo, let us walk you through how it works and answer your questions. ** ## Have a Known Threat? AirWarden Essentials** detects drones that broadcast Remote ID — ideal for general airspace awareness. If you’re facing a known or suspected bad actor who may be using modified or non-compliant drones, **AirWarden Spectrum** offers advanced detection capabilities designed to meet that challenge. AirWarden Spectrum --- ## Thank you Page – Schedule AE Demo Landing Page URL: https://aerodefense.tech/thank-you-page-schedule-demo/ ## Thank you for your request to schedule a demo of AirWarden Essentials. ## We’ll be in touch soon! BACK TO PRODUCTS --- ## Our Privacy Policy URL: https://aerodefense.tech/privacy-policy/ # Our Privacy Policy At AeroDefense, we prioritize your privacy and are dedicated to safeguarding your personal information. This Cookie Policy outlines how we use cookies on our website and provides you with the ability to manage your preferences. ### What Are Cookies? Cookies are small data files stored on your device when you visit our website. They help us recognize your device, remember your preferences, and enhance your overall browsing experience. Some cookies are essential for our website to function, while others help us analyze website activity and deliver more relevant content and ads. **Types of Cookies We Use** - **Essential Cookies****These cookies are crucial for the website to function properly. They enable core features such as navigation, secure logins, and other basic services. These cookies cannot be disabled. - Performance Cookies****These cookies collect information on how you interact with our site (e.g., frequently visited pages). This helps us improve site performance by understanding user behavior, but they do not gather personal information. - Functional Cookies****These cookies remember your preferences (such as language or location), allowing us to personalize your experience. While they enhance site functionality, they are not necessary for the website to work. - Targeting or Advertising Cookies****These cookies help deliver personalized advertisements based on your interests. They allow us and our advertising partners to show relevant ads on our website or other sites you visit. ### Managing Cookies You have control over how cookies are handled on your device through your browser settings. Most browsers offer options to block or delete cookies, as well as notify you when a cookie is set. Please note that disabling or deleting cookies may affect your experience on our website and could limit some functionality. To learn more about how to manage cookies on your specific browser, please refer to the following guides: - Google Chrome - Mozilla Firefox - Safari - Microsoft Edge Third-Party Cookies** We may also use third-party cookies to gather information for analytics or advertising purposes. These cookies are managed by external providers and are subject to their own privacy policies. For example, services like Google Analytics and social media platforms may set cookies when you interact with embedded content on our site. **Your Consent** By using our website, you consent to the use of cookies as outlined in this policy. If you do not agree to our use of cookies, you can adjust your browser settings or refrain from using our website. **Updates to This Policy** From time to time, we may update this Cookie Policy. Any changes will be reflected on this page and we encourage you to check this policy periodically to stay informed about our cookie practices. **Contact Us** If you have any questions or concerns about our cookie practices, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us at info@aerodefense.tech. --- ## Landing Page – General AirWarden Essentials URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-general/ # AirWarden® Essentials https://youtu.be/fO8_EOUrSfg ## Know What’s in Your Airspace and Find the Pilot, Fast. AFFORDABLE Low annual subscription fee that includes complimentary hardware RELIABLE Real-time monitoring and automated alerts with pilot’s exact location SCALABLE Easily add alert zones to cover more airspace ## What Are The Key Elements of AirWarden Essentials? REAL-TIME TRACKING Monitor Remote ID drone activity at one or multiple sites SETUP Hardware installs in minutes, no calibration required INVESTMENT Highly scalable for large multi-location deployments or small sites WIDE-RANGE 2-30km for wide-area monitoring REPORTING Review flight paths and search Drone ID to spot repeat offenders ## Monitor Multiple Locations from One Screen The AirWarden Essentials drone Remote ID solution provides a centralized view of drone activity across multiple facilities. Users can drill into alert zones to view real-time drone and pilot details, including flight path and altitude. ## Analyze Past Incidents Powerful history reporting tools let users review past drone activity and flight paths, while the Dashboard makes it easy to see if a drone has appeared multiple times—potentially signaling pre-operational planning for nefarious activity. Charts also visualize repeat activity across alert zones and flight volume by hour. ## How Does AirWarden Essentials Deploy? Install our state-of-the-art AirWarden Receiver. The installation takes about 30 minutes or less.  Log in to the online AirWarden Essentials interface & create your alert zone or zones.  Begin to detect drones in your airspace for miles around your facility. ## What Does the AirWarden Essentials Hardware Look Like? ### Permanent Deployment ### Temporary Deployment The small AirWarden Remote ID Receiver installs on a pole in less than ten minutes (no technical experience needed) and automatically connects to the cloud-based software over LTE or Ethernet. We provide the hardware, mounting equipment, and power supply, so all you have to do is choose your installation location, mount the device and plug it in! Request Specifications ## How Much Does AirWarden Essentials Cost? One location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users #### Share detection data, system visibility, and alerts with authorized partners for no additional charge - Local Law Enforcement - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Department of Defense (DoD) - Private security Talk to Sales --- ## Support URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/support/ # RESOURCESSupport Reliable support whenever you need it ## AERODEFENSE SUPPORTWe are here to help AeroDefense is committed to top-notch support to ensure you get the most out of our drone detection solutions. Our dedicated team is here to assist with everything from system setup and troubleshooting to ongoing maintenance and software updates. With responsive service and expert guidance, we work alongside you to address any challenges and keep your operations running smoothly. At AeroDefense, we prioritize your success and peace of mind to deliver reliable support every step of the way. GET IN TOUCH ## SYSTEM STATUSCheck System Status The system status lets you know when AeroDefense applications and websites are running smoothly and efficiently. Stay informed about any potential issues to maintain seamless operation and uninterrupted service. CHECK SYSTEM STATUS ## Two Ways to Get in Touch ## Help@AeroDefense.tech If you need assistance, reaching out to AeroDefense support via email is quick and efficient. To help us resolve your issue as effectively as possible, please include a detailed description of the problem in your message. The more details you share, the faster we can identify the root cause and provide a solution. Our support team is dedicated to responding promptly and ensuring your system operates at its best. ## Troubleshooting Form Upon receipt of this completed form, AeroDefense will investigate and troubleshoot your issue. We will provide any updates on your ticket via email. Form powered by --- ## Thank you Page URL: https://aerodefense.tech/thank-you-page/ ## Thank you for your order! ## You will receive an order confirmation in your inbox Your AirWarden Receiver will be shipped to the address you provided. BACK TO PRODUCTS --- ## Landing Page – BUY NOW GENERAL SITE URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-buy-now/ ## Secure your skies before problems arise. Simply fill out the form to purchase AirWarden Essentials. Once submitted, our team will ship your complimentary hardware and send you an email invitation to access the system. **WE ARE CURRENTLY ONLY ACCEPTING US-BASED ORDERS** ## Buy AirWarden Essentials ## AirWarden Essentials Drone Detection System Price One Location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users BUY NOW --- ## UTM and Security Services Providers URL: https://aerodefense.tech/utm-and-security-services-providers-drone-detection/ # Drone Detection for UTM and Security Services Providers Enhance UTM and security operations with AirWarden for real-time airspace monitoring and threat prevention. ## The Problem Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management (UTM) providers and security services providers face increasing challenges from unauthorized and rogue drone activity. As the airspace becomes more congested, drones pose significant risks, such as interference with authorized air traffic, disruption of operations, and security vulnerabilities. For UTM providers, managing drone traffic safely while ensuring compliance with regulations like FAA’s Remote ID is crucial. Meanwhile, security services providers must protect clients’ critical infrastructure, events, and public spaces from drones. Their clients rely on their expertise to recommend effective solutions that ensure comprehensive protection and within regulatory guidelines. ## The Solution UTM and security services providers need a drone detection solution that offers comprehensive, real-time drone and pilot information. This solution must seamlessly integrate with existing systems to detect both compliant and non-compliant drones while differentiating between authorized traffic and potential threats. For UTM providers, accurate airspace visibility is critical to maintain safe drone operations, while security services require robust protection for critical infrastructure and public events from drones that may pose privacy, safety, or security risks. A reliable, scalable, and regulation-compliant system is key to for secure and controlled environments. ## Before an Incident AirWarden constantly monitors the environment for drone activity. All you have to do is wait for audio/visual and text/email alerts when a drone enters your configurable alert zone. AirWarden allows monitoring from anywhere, enabling command centers and agencies to oversee multiple locations effectively. ## During an Incident Locate the drone(s) and pilot(s) The AirWarden correctional facility drone detection system shows you the location of the offending drone and pilot at the same time. The system detects a wide variety of drone manufacturers. Alert the appropriate personnel The AirWarden command console displays audible and visual alerts. The system sends automated text and email alerts to selected users. Local law enforcement can receive alerts for a coordinated response. Expand Operations When facilities have intel that a drone drop is occurring, response teams can position vehicle or tripod mounted sensors to extend the detection area. ## After an Incident Drone detection isn’t just useful for immediate response. Replays of a detection event can also help build your case. Historical reporting enables analysis of past incidents, identifies patterns, and enhances the ability to predict and prevent future incidents. Which AirWarden Solution Is Right For Me? ## Our Differentiators Locates the drone and pilot simultaneously Does not require legal waivers to operate 2 x DHS SAFETY Act Designated Rules-based sharing of drone detection data Developed and manufactured in the USA START YOUR JOURNEY ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTCase Study Spotlight From the Fall of 2017 through present day deployment, AirWarden has proven itself as a successful deterrent to unauthorized drone flights at a Georgia State Prison. Georgia’s proactive response plans along with the use of AirWarden as an early warning system has resulted in several key incident detections, the interception of over $500,000 in contraband, and suspect arrest. Most importantly, drone delivery attempts have essentially been eliminated. DOWNLOAD CASE STUDY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BezZxQF2pRw ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTHow to Spot A Drone Training Drones are often confused as birds, planes, or other aircraft and can pretty quickly introduce harmful contraband. This How to Spot a Drone Training for Correctional Officers assists in the difficult task to visually locate drones in tough environmental conditions. This training includes: – Images of Common Commercial Drones – Various Images and Videos of Drones at Different Heights and Distances Against Different Backgrounds – Table and Various Images and Videos That Compare Characteristics of Drones, Airplanes, Helicopters and Birds ACCESS TRAINING ## Related blogs Legal Aspects of Drone Detection for Correctional Facilities Drone Response Tactics for Correctional Facilities Drone Threats at Correctional Facilities Corrections Drone Detection: How to Prevent Drone-Borne Contraband Drone Detection Technology for Correctional Facilities 5 Reasons Your Correctional Facility Needs a Drone Detection System --- ## Critical Infrastructure URL: https://aerodefense.tech/use-cases/critical-infrastructure-drone-detection/ # CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURECritical Infrastructure Drone Detection Protect critical infrastructure with AirWarden, a reliable solution for real-time drone detection ## The Problem Drones can easily bypass traditional perimeter security measures at critical infrastructure sites. They have the ability to spy, disrupt, or damage operations, which poses a threat to safety and security. Without a way to find unauthorized drone pilots, critical infrastructure sites are left vulnerable and powerless to effectively respond to potential threats, leaving security gaps that could be exploited. ## The Solution A critical infrastructure drone detection system that locates both drone and pilot simultaneously is crucial because it enables quick intervention to prevent potential threats from escalating. By pinpointing the pilot’s location, security teams can force unauthorized pilots to land their drone to ensure the safety of sensitive operations. A drone detection system at critical infrastructure can identify pilots who may be using drones to map the facility, potentially gathering intelligence for a future attack, allowing security to intervene before the threat materializes. ## DHS SAFETY Act Designated The AirWarden critical infrastructure drone detection system is Designated by the Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act. AirWarden users receive liability protection in the event of a terror attack. ## Before an Incident AirWarden continuously surveys the environment for drone activity. You’ll receive audio, visual, and text/email alerts as soon as a drone enters your configured alert zone. With AirWarden, you can monitor from any location, allowing command centers and agencies to efficiently oversee multiple sites. ## During an Incident Locate the drone(s) and pilot(s) The AirWarden critical infrastructure drone detection system simultaneously displays the location of both the drone and its operator. AirWarden detects drones from a diverse range of manufacturers. Alert the appropriate personnel The AirWarden command console provides audible and visual alerts. The system also sends automated text and email notifications to designated users. Local law enforcement can receive these alerts to facilitate a coordinated response. ## After an Incident Drone detection isn’t just for immediate response. Historical reporting allows for the analysis of past incidents, identifies patterns, and improves the ability to predict and prevent future occurrences. SCHEDULE DEMO ## Our Differentiators Locates the drone and pilot simultaneously Does not require legal waivers to operate 2 x DHS SAFETY Act Designated Rules-based sharing of drone detection data Developed and manufactured in the USA START YOUR JOURNEY ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTFree Drone Risk Assessment Template Assessing the risk and potential financial loss from drone incidents can be challenging. To help, we’ve created a free drone risk assessment template that allows you to estimate your risk exposure, quantify potential losses, and compare these to the cost of investing in drone detection technology. DOWNLOAD NOW ## Request a Demo Critical infrastructure is a prime target for unauthorized drone activity. Schedule a quick demo to see how our affordable drone detection solution gives you real-time airspace awareness—no guesswork, no expensive hardware. --- ## Stadiums 2 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/use-cases/stadium-drone-detection/ # STADIUMSStadium Drone Detection See how AirWarden detects and prevents drones at stadiums to prevent event disruptions and ensure safety. ## The Problem Inexperienced or reckless pilots can lose control of their drone which creates significant danger to people in crowded stadiums. Drones at stadiums can also cause panic and confusion, complicating crowd management efforts. These incidents may result in delays, event cancellations, or even evacuations, severely affecting both the safety and enjoyment of the event. These scenarios can lead to financial losses such as those related to televised media coverage. ## The Solution The purpose of a stadium drone detection system is to find dangerous drones and their operators quickly. Automated, real-time alerts help security teams dispatch to the pilot in order to ensure a safe landing of their drone. ## DHS SAFETY Act Designated The AirWarden stadium drone detection system is Designated by the Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act. AirWarden users receive liability protection in the event of a terror attack. More than 30 major sports and entertainment arenas have active SAFETY Act protections. If your stadium is seeking your own designation or certification, using products and services that are SAFETY Act approved is beneficial. ## Before an Incident AirWarden constantly monitors the environment for drone activity. All you have to do is wait for audio/visual and text/email alerts when a drone enters your configurable alert zone. AirWarden allows monitoring from anywhere, enabling command centers and agencies to oversee multiple locations effectively. ## During an Incident Locate the drone(s) and pilot(s) The AirWarden stadium drone detection system shows you the location of the offending drone and pilot simultaneously. The system detects a wide variety of drone manufacturers. Alert the appropriate personnel The AirWarden command console provides audible and visual alerts. The system sends automated text and email alerts to selected users. Local law enforcement can receive alerts for a coordinated response. ## After an Incident Drone detection isn’t just useful for immediate response. Historical reporting enables analysis of past incidents, identifies patterns, and enhances the ability to predict and prevent future incidents. SCHEDULE DEMO ## Our Differentiators Locates the drone and pilot simultaneously Does not require legal waivers to operate 2 x DHS SAFETY Act Designated Rules-based sharing of drone detection data Developed and manufactured in the USA START YOUR JOURNEY ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTUniversity of Washington Success Story Discover how the University of Washington tackled drone intrusions at Husky Stadium using AeroDefense’s AirWarden. Learn how the system helped them detect and track unauthorized drones in real time, prevent game delays, and enhance stadium security. Download the full success story to see how AirWarden became their go-to solution for comprehensive airspace protection. DOWNLOAD SUCCESS STORY ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTMetLife Stadium Success Story Find out why MetLife Stadium, home to the New York Jets and Giants, selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden to safeguard their airspace against unauthorized drones. Facing unique challenges during high-profile events, they needed a solution that could meet their strict requirements. Want to know what made AirWarden the perfect fit? Download the full success story to learn more. DOWNLOAD SUCCESS STORY ## Request a Demo Stadiums are prime targets for unauthorized drone activity. Schedule a quick demo to see how our affordable drone detection solution gives you real-time airspace awareness—no guesswork, no expensive hardware. --- ## Why Choose AeroDefense – Page 6 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/home/why-choose-aerodefense/ # Why Choose AeroDefense? With automatic alerts to the drone and pilot’s location, AirWarden Essentials gives you the awareness you need to respond – scalable to any size operation and at a price most organizations can actually afford. Here are a few ways AeroDefense’s American-made drone detection solutions stand out from others in the market: ● Affordable and proven in real-world scenarios ● Wide-area, scalable drone detection ● Easy to use ● Legal for any entity to use ● Made in the USA AeroDefense offers additional advanced sensor solutions. Our sales team can help you determine your level of risk, risk tolerance and budget, ensuring you select the right drone detection systems for your needs. JUMP TO SECTION ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? FREE TRIAL CONTACT US ## History of Innovation AeroDefense has a long-standing reputation for innovation, particularly demonstrated through its achievements in securing two Department of Homeland Security Act designations, six patents, and three Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contracts. From the introduction of AirWarden a decade ago to the development of our most affordable drone detection option – AirWarden Essentials, our easy-to-use drone detection technology is designed to meet the needs of modern organizations. All solutions are made in the USA, ensuring reliability, and quality. Organizations seeking legal drone detection and patented drone detection solutions rely on AeroDefense for drone detection systems that are both effective and accessible. Whether you need affordable, scalable, and reliable drone detection systems or American-made drone detection solutions, AeroDefense continues to lead the industry with proven expertise, innovation, and commitment to safety. BACK ## Talk to Sales AeroDefense’s trusted advisors are here to guide you through the decision-making process. With their expertise, they can help evaluate your organization’s specific needs and recommend the best solution(s) to enhance your airspace security and meet your goals. --- ## How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver – Page 5 Buyer Journey URL: https://aerodefense.tech/how-to-install-the-airwarden-receiver/ # AirWarden® Receiver Installation Guide ## What’s Included AeroDefense provides all the drone detection hardware you need, including: ● The AirWarden Receiver ● Mounting hardware ● Power supply The receiver automatically connects to cloud-based drone detection software over LTE or Ethernet. ## AirWarden Receiver Installation Overview AirWarden Receiver installation is fast, simple, and requires no technical expertise. Many clients say it’s the easiest security device they’ve ever installed. The compact AirWarden Receiver can be mounted on: ● A building ● A 2–6″ pole (using the included pole-mount kit) ● A tripod for temporary deployment For best performance, install the receiver with a clear line of sight to the area you want to monitor. ## How to Install the AirWarden Receiver Here’s how to complete your drone receiver installation in minutes: ● Choose the installation location ● Mount the AirWarden Receiver using the provided hardware ● Connect power ● The unit will automatically join the cloud-based drone detection system We provide detailed installation guidelines and support if needed. ## Quick Installation & Setup Most AirWarden setup deployments take minutes. For a faster experience, you can follow our step-by-step guide for installing AirWarden by scanning the QR code on the device. The guide includes: ● AirWarden Remote ID Receiver installation tips ● Best practices for optimizing your coverage ● Troubleshooting guides ## Need More Help? Scan the QR code on your device at any time to access: ● A complete AirWarden Receiver installation guide ● Troubleshooting and optimization tips JUMP TO SECTION ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? BACK FREE TRIAL NEXT --- ## How AirWarden Essentials Works – Page 4 Buyer Journey URL: https://aerodefense.tech/how-airwarden-essentials-works/ # How AirWarden® Essentials Works JUMP TO SECTION ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? ## Main Features AirWarden Essentials offers businesses and government agencies a capable, budget-friendly way to detect drones and track pilots. The AeroDefense AirWarden Essentials system’s detection technology is based entirely on the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Remote ID rule. Think of Remote ID as a digital license plate for drones. A drone must broadcast specific data packets using common wireless frequencies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. AirWarden Essentials is powered by passive radio frequency (RF) receiver(s) that weigh approximately five (5) pounds. The system does not actively transmit any RF signals for drone detection; instead, its sensors continuously monitor for Remote ID broadcasts. When Receiver detects a drone, the system provides the following information: ● The drone’s real-time GPS location, altitude, and speed. ● The pilot’s location. ● The drone’s unique serial number. ● The drone’s make/model. This airspace security solution leverages Remote ID drone detection to provide real-time drone alerts and clear, actionable insight into drone activity. By tracking drones via Remote ID, it enables organizations to respond quickly to common drone activity without the complexity or high cost of other drone detection systems. The system’s architecture is straightforward, moving data from the drone to the user in three steps. 1. Drone Broadcast: A drone equipped with Remote ID continuously transmits its location, pilot location, and ID number via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. 2. AirWarden Receiver: The receiver, installed on a building or pole or tripod if using as a temporary deployment, passively detects and captures this broadcasted signal. The receiver securely sends the data to the cloud via an LTE or Ethernet connection. 3. Cloud Command Console: AeroDefense’s cloud-based software processes the data. The user accesses this information through a web browser on any device (computer, tablet, phone), viewing the drone’s activity on a live map and receiving alerts. - Live Map - Alert Zone - History ## Live Map The AirWarden Essentials Live Map provides users with early warning and actionable intelligence to respond quickly and effectively to unwanted drones. Through the AirWarden User Interface (UI) on desktop, tablet, or mobile, users can see a live map displaying the drone’s real-time GPS location, altitude, and speed; the pilot’s location on the ground; the drone’s unique serial number; and its make/model. This setup is ideal for real-time drone detection and remote ID tracking, giving organizations full visibility of drones and their operators. ## Alert Zones AirWarden Essentials sends automated text and email alerts when a drone is detected in your alert zone. The UI shows drones detected inside your alert zone boundaries and notifies you accordingly. You may create one or multiple alert zones to match your areas of interest. Alert zones can be up to 2 1/2 miles radius or 12,500 acres.   ## History AirWarden Essentials enables you to review previous drone events. Additionally, users can export and download drone event data in both PDF and CSV formats, and filter the data by date and Drone RID.   BACK FREE TRIAL NEXT --- ## Which Solution Is Right For Me – Page 3 Buyer Journey URL: https://aerodefense.tech/which-drone-detection-solution-is-right-for-me/ # Which Solution is Right for Me? If you’re reading this, you’ve probably asked yourself, “How do I choose the right drone detection system for my organization?” or “Which drone detection solution is right for me?” ## AirWarden® Essentials AirWarden Essentials delivers reliable, real-time drone and pilot detection at a price that fits most organizations’ budgets. The AirWarden Essentials drone detection system receives Remote ID signals and provides real-time alerts and situational awareness of drone and pilot locations, giving organizations an effective way to monitor and respond to the most common types of drone activity without the complexity or cost of larger systems. JUMP TO SECTION ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? FREE TRIAL LEARN MORE ## AirWarden® Spectrum For businesses and government agencies that suspect or are aware of threats from highly sophisticated drone pilots with nefarious intent, a solution that detects both FAA Remote ID-compliant and non-compliant drones may be needed. AeroDefense offers layers of radio frequency-based drone detection methods – also known as RF drone detection – that can be deployed permanently or temporarily. ## Comparing Options If you’re evaluating multiple vendors, it’s helpful to compare drone detection solutions. AeroDefense experts can provide strategic guidance on selecting the most effective drone detection systems and offer in-depth insights to help you identify the right counter-drone technologies for your unique security needs. Because every environment is unique, AeroDefense can help you learn how to find the right drone detection solution – and ensure you choose the best drone detection system for your organization’s risk level and tolerance and your budget. CONTACT SALES BACK NEXT --- ## How Drone Detection Laws Work – Page 2 Buyer Journey URL: https://aerodefense.tech/how-drone-detection-laws-work/ # How Drone Detection Laws Work JUMP TO SECTION ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? For now, four federal agencies have waivers from these regulations in highly controlled situations. The only mitigation tactic available to the public is to locate the pilot and have them safely land their drone. Since December 2022 for new drones and September 2023 for existing ones, the FAA requires drones to broadcast identifying information and their location, known as Remote Identification, better known as Remote ID. This functions like a digital license plate for drones. The FAA started enforcing this rule in March 2024. ## Penalties Drone operators who conduct unsafe or unauthorized operations face fines up to $75,000 per violation, an increase included in the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024. The FAA also can suspend or revoke drone operators’ pilot certificates. BACK FREE TRIAL NEXT --- ## Key Drone Concerns – Page 1 Buyer Journey URL: https://aerodefense.tech/key-drone-concerns/ ● Your Key Drone Concerns ● How Drone Detection Laws Work ● Which Solution Is Right for Me? ● How AirWarden® Essentials Works ● How to Install the AirWarden® Receiver ‌‌● Why Choose AeroDefense? Industry not listed? Contact us at sales@aerodefense.tech --- ## University of Washington Customer Success Story URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-for-colleges-success-story/ ## Drone Detection for CollegesUniversity of Washington Success Story The University of Washington turned to drone detection for colleges after unauthorized drone flights over Husky Stadium caused game delays and security concerns. After evaluating several options, they chose AeroDefense’s AirWarden system. ### Download the University of Washington Drone Detection Success Story Download our University of Washington Customer Success Story to learn how stadium security addressed the growing challenge of unauthorized drones over Husky Stadium. You’ll get insight into the specific incidents that prompted action, the research process and evaluation criteria used to assess drone detection for colleges, and the results they achieved after deploying AeroDefense’s AirWarden system. Discover how one of the nation’s leading universities improved event and campus safety, reduced game disruptions, and gained real-time airspace awareness. Resources --- ## Drone Detection for Stadiums Success Story URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-for-stadiums-success-story/ # Drone Detection for StadiumsMetLife Stadium Success Story Drone detection for stadiums is essential at major venues like MetLife Stadium, which hosts a high volume of large-scale events year-round. In 2017, MetLife began evaluating various drone detection technologies—including radar, radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and camera systems—to enhance guest safety and overall security. ## Download the MetLife Stadium Drone Detection Success Story Download the success story to learn more about how MetLife Stadium implemented drone detection to enhance event security. Discover why radio frequency (RF) technology was selected as the preferred system type for their crowded, high-traffic environment. This success story highlights the challenges faced by major stadiums and how the right drone detection solution can ensure a safer experience for all attendees. Resources --- ## Drone Detection for Prisons Case Study URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-for-prisons-case-study/ # Drone Detection for PrisonsGeorgia Department of Corrections Case Study Drone detection for prisons has become critical as drones and correctional facilities pose an increasingly dangerous combination. With 33 state facilities and over 38,000 inmates, Georgia was a prime target for contraband deliveries. Pilots used drones to drop various illegal items, creating serious safety and security risks. To address this growing threat, the Georgia Department of Corrections deployed the AirWarden drone detection system at several facilities, improving staff response times and quickly reducing illegal drone activity. ## Download the Georgia Department of Corrections Drone Detection Case Study Download the full case study to gain deeper insights, including detailed information on how our AirWarden drone detection solution for prisons led to the successful confiscation of contraband. You’ll discover real-world results that demonstrate the effectiveness of quick responses by corrections staff to deter contraband pilots and prevent illegal drone activity. Resources --- ## AirWarden Receiver URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-remote-id-receiver/ # AirWarden Receiver The Remote ID receiver hardware that powers AirWarden Essentials. ## Dimensions 10 inches (length) 8.25 inches (width 3.25 inches (height) ## Technology Description The AirWarden Receiver is compatible with the FAA’s mandated Remote Identification broadcasts. The small form factor is easy to install and requires no regular maintenance. ## User Interface AirWarden Receivers are compatible with all AeroDefense products including Classic and Essentials. ## Receiver InstallationDeployment Information Pole-Mount: Can be mounted to 2 – 6″ poles, with the included pole-mounting kit Assuming a mounting location and power is readily available, a receiver can be installed in approximately 5 minutes. ## How The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Works The receiver constantly monitors the local radio frequency environment to scan for Remote ID broadcasts. Some drones are technically compliant with the FAA Remote ID rule before they are officially compliant. The list of compliant drones is continuously growing. See FAA Compliance List ## What Makes The AirWarden Remote ID Receiver Unique Since the FAA Remote ID is a federal mandate enforced at both the drone manufacturer and pilot levels, the AirWarden Receiver delivers valuable information for compliant drones without the need for more advanced spectrum sensor technology. ### Most Common Use Cases #### Law Enforcement Large public gatherings/events #### Businesses Facility Protection ### Critical Infrastructure Facility Protection #### Campuses Facility Protection #### Drone Academies Airspace Awareness ## Request Technical Specs Thank you for your interest in the AirWarden Receiver. Please fill out the form to receive the technical specifications and learn more about how our sensor can meet your drone detection needs. --- ## Press Older Posts URL: https://aerodefense.tech/press-older-posts/ # Press – Older Posts See how our technology is making a global difference in headlines. **Security Industry Association** – March 26, 2020**3 Tips for Evaluating Mobile Drone Detection Stick @ Nite** – March 25, 2020**Linda Ziemba Discusses Importance of Drone Detection Security Magazine** – March 23, 2020**Product Spotlight for Sports Stadiums Security Sales & Integration** – February 12, 2020**AeroDefense Founder on the Challenges of Marketing Counter-Drone Solutions Security Guy Radio** – February 7, 2020**Drones! Why’d it have to be drones? Drone Radio Show** – January 29, 2020**Building a Better Counter UAS RF Detection System Security Systems News** – December 9, 2019**Women in Security: Linda Ziemba Security Magazine** – November 20, 2019**Quick Guide for Evaluating Drone Detection: Top 10 Questions to Ask Homeland Security Today** – October 23, 2019**AeroDefense to Protect New York Giants and Jets from Drones DRONELIFE** – October 23, 2019**MetLife Stadium Has Implemented Drone Detection: AeroDefense Chosen as Provider Commercial Drone Professional** – October 22, 2019**AeroDefense drone detection to be used at MetLife Stadium State Aviation Journal** – October 22, 2019**MetLife Stadium Selects AeroDefense for Drone Detection TheStadiumBusiness News** – October 21, 2019**METLIFE STADIUM SIGNS DRONE DETECTION PARTNER AUVSI** – October 18, 2019**METLIFE STADIUM SELECTS DRONE DETECTION SYSTEM FROM AERODEFENSE TO PROVIDE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR UAS Security Sales & Integration** – October 18, 2019**AeroDefense Drone Detection Deployed at MetLife Stadium Unmanned Airspace** – October 17, 2019**AeroDefense drone detection system chosen by New Jersey’s MetLife Stadium AeroDefense Press Release** – October 17, 2019**MetLife Stadium Selects AeroDefense for Drone Detection State Aviation Journal** – October 1, 2019**AeroDefense Receives SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Financial News** – October 1, 2019**AeroDefense gets SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Security Sales & Integration** – September 30, 2019**Drone Detection Specialist AeroDefense Obtains DHS SAFETY Act Designation AeroDefense Press Release** – September 24, 2019**AeroDefense Receives SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Security Industry Association** – September 6, 2019**Observe and Report: Considerations for Evaluating Drone Detection Systems Lincoln Journal Star** – June 30, 2019**Nebraska prison security could someday include eyes on the sky VICE News Tonight on HBO** – September 19, 2018**The Battle Against Drones (Segment only, published September 29, 2018)Prison Drone Strike & Israel’s Demolition Village: VICE News Tonight Full Episode (HBO) Digital Trends** – July 20, 2018**Prisons are fighting back against contraband-dropping drones. Here’s how GCN – Technology, Tools and Tactics for Public Sector IT** – June 27, 2018**Drones detection tech helps fight contraband in prisons sUAS News** – June 20, 2018**Securus Technologies AeroDefense systems’ AirWarden™ at Georgia Department of Corrections facility Securus Press Release** – June 12, 2018**Securus Technologies Deploys AeroDefense Drone Detection Solution at Georgia Corrections Facilities AeroDefense Press Release** – May 8, 2018**Drone Detection Startup, Drone Go Home, Announces Rebrand to AeroDefense Entrepreneur.com** – August 10, 2016**This Startup Wants to Build a Drone-Proof Fence to Protect Your Property AeroDefense Press Release** – August 21, 2022**AeroDefense Founder and CEO Receives Enterprising Women in Commerce Platinum Award Newsmax** – August 17, 2022**AeroDefense Discusses Threat from Chinese Drones and Drone Detection Total Security Advisor** – August 17, 2022**Now & Next: Drone Market Is Taking Off COMMERCE Magazine** – August 2, 2022**Enterprising Women Awards Robotics 24/7** – June 21, 2022**Drone Detection System Locates and Tracks Drones Before They Become Threats Corrections1** – April 6, 2022**AeroDefense announces drone detection webinar series Security Industry Association Women in Security Forum** – March 11, 2022**Why Airspace Security is a Good Opportunity for Integrators Security Industry Association Women in Security Forum** – March 8, 2022**Security Industry Association Reveals the 2022 Women in Security Forum Power 100 List Security Industry Association** – October 26, 2021**ISC East Session Preview: The Complexities of Urban Drone Detection and Response Tactics for Identified Threats Unmanned Airspace** – July 28, 2021**New York Federal agencies release results of counter drone technology demonstration in Lower Manhattan Rome Sentinel** – July 28, 2021**Drone expo at Griffiss to aid law enforcers sUAS News** – July 28, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment UAS Weekly** – July 27, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment AeroDefense Press Release** – July 27, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment Cape May County Herald** – June 25, 2021**CMCo Office of Emergency Management Joins Drone Study National Aviation Research and Technology Park (NARTP)** – June 23, 2021**Unmanned Aircraft Innovators Complete Functional Drill to Enable Drone Integration into Emergency Response in NJ The Press of Atlantic City** – June 23, 2021**Test flights aim to demonstrate utility of drones in natural disasters SECURITY Magazine** – March 9, 2021**Uncovering the legality and security of radio frequency based drone detection systems – 5 questions to ask technology providers Public Safety Innovators Podcast** – March 8, 2021**Scalable Counter-Drone Detection for Law Enforcement and Private Security ASIS NYC Security Director Magazine** – November 18, 2020**No, Drone Mitigation Laws Don’t Need to Change. Here’s Why. Corrections1** – October 27, 2020**Considerations before implementing drone detection technology Brite Computers** – October 19, 2020**Brite Adds AeroDefense to GSA Contract State Aviation Journal** – October 12, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment UAS Weekly** – October 9, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment World Security Report** – October 9, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment Urban Air Mobility News** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense develops “smart” drone detection AirWarden variant for cities and airports Unmanned Airspace** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense develops “smart” drone detection AirWarden system for cities and airports AeroDefense Press Release** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment SecurityInfoWatch.com** – October 7, 2020**Drone tech, legislation notes from ISC West The Athletic** – September 24, 2020**Angry birds: MLB wants ‘more robust’ drone laws after recent aerial incursions Commercial Drone Professional** – September 21, 2020**AeroDefense to stamp out drone-borne contraband in Indianan prisons DroneXL** – September 19, 2020**Indiana DoC selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden drone detection system sUAS News** – September 18, 2020**Indiana Department of Correction Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation Unmanned Airspace** – September 17, 2020**Indiana prison service selects AeroDefense drone detection and tracking system to prevent drone-borne contraband deliveries UAS Weekly** – September 17, 2020**Indiana DoC Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation AeroDefense Press Release** – September 17, 2020**Indiana Department of Correction Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden™ Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation UAV Digest** – August 21, 2020**Legal Concerns Surrounding Some Drone Detection Technologies UAS Vision** – July 14, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection Unmanned Systems Technology** – July 12, 2020**Mobile Drone Detection for Ground Vehicles & Marine Vessels Introduced Homeland Security Today** – July 11, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection System UAS Weekly** – July 10, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection That Provides Flexible Deployment Options and In-Motion Detection Commercial Drone Professional** – July 10, 2020**AeroDefense introduces mobile drone detection providing flexible deployment options Police One** – July 9, 2020**Provides flexible deployment options and in-motion detection AeroDefense Press Release** – July 9, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Affordable Mobile Drone Detection That Provides Flexible Deployment Options and In-Motion Detection UAS Vision** – June 23, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Rapid Deploy Drone Detection DroneDJ** – June 22, 2020**AeroDefense and US Air Force working on drone detection system Unmanned Systems Technology** – June 21, 2020**Mobile Drone Detection System Under Development for US Air Force Air Force Technology** – June 19, 2020**AeroDefense and USAF to develop drone detection system sUAS News** – June 19, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection Military Embedded Systems** – June 19, 2020**Ruggedized drone detection in development for U.S. Air Force UAS Weekly** – June 18, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection AeroDefense Press Release** – June 18, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection Unmanned Airspace** – June 11, 2020**US Air Force base collaborates with local drone detection company AeroDefense Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst** – June 4, 2020**Joint Base MDL to partner with AeroDefense to strengthen drone deterrence IACP Police Chief Magazine** – June 1, 2020**Tech Talk: A Quick Guide on Mobile Drone Detection Corrections Forum Magazine** – April 21, 2020**Detecting Drones – March/April 2020 Issue Smart Airport and Aviation Partnership** – March 30, 2020**AeroDefense Selected for Inaugural FlightPlan Accelerator Program Security Industry Association** – March 26, 2020**3 Tips for Evaluating Mobile Drone Detection Stick @ Nite** – March 25, 2020**Linda Ziemba Discusses Importance of Drone Detection Security Magazine** – March 23, 2020**Product Spotlight for Sports Stadiums Security Sales & Integration** – February 12, 2020**AeroDefense Founder on the Challenges of Marketing Counter-Drone Solutions Security Guy Radio** – February 7, 2020**Drones! Why’d it have to be drones? Drone Radio Show** – January 29, 2020**Building a Better Counter UAS RF Detection System Security Systems News** – December 9, 2019**Women in Security: Linda Ziemba Security Magazine** – November 20, 2019**Quick Guide for Evaluating Drone Detection: Top 10 Questions to Ask Homeland Security Today** – October 23, 2019**AeroDefense to Protect New York Giants and Jets from Drones DRONELIFE** – October 23, 2019**MetLife Stadium Has Implemented Drone Detection: AeroDefense Chosen as Provider Commercial Drone Professional** – October 22, 2019**AeroDefense drone detection to be used at MetLife Stadium State Aviation Journal** – October 22, 2019**MetLife Stadium Selects AeroDefense for Drone Detection TheStadiumBusiness News** – October 21, 2019**METLIFE STADIUM SIGNS DRONE DETECTION PARTNER AUVSI** – October 18, 2019**METLIFE STADIUM SELECTS DRONE DETECTION SYSTEM FROM AERODEFENSE TO PROVIDE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM FOR UAS Security Sales & Integration** – October 18, 2019**AeroDefense Drone Detection Deployed at MetLife Stadium Unmanned Airspace** – October 17, 2019**AeroDefense drone detection system chosen by New Jersey’s MetLife Stadium AeroDefense Press Release** – October 17, 2019**MetLife Stadium Selects AeroDefense for Drone Detection State Aviation Journal** – October 1, 2019**AeroDefense Receives SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Financial News** – October 1, 2019**AeroDefense gets SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Security Sales & Integration** – September 30, 2019**Drone Detection Specialist AeroDefense Obtains DHS SAFETY Act Designation AeroDefense Press Release** – September 24, 2019**AeroDefense Receives SAFETY Act Designation from Department of Homeland Security Security Industry Association** – September 6, 2019**Observe and Report: Considerations for Evaluating Drone Detection Systems Lincoln Journal Star** – June 30, 2019**Nebraska prison security could someday include eyes on the sky VICE News Tonight on HBO** – September 19, 2018**The Battle Against Drones (Segment only, published September 29, 2018)Prison Drone Strike & Israel’s Demolition Village: VICE News Tonight Full Episode (HBO) Digital Trends** – July 20, 2018**Prisons are fighting back against contraband-dropping drones. Here’s how GCN – Technology, Tools and Tactics for Public Sector IT** – June 27, 2018**Drones detection tech helps fight contraband in prisons sUAS News** – June 20, 2018**Securus Technologies AeroDefense systems’ AirWarden™ at Georgia Department of Corrections facility Securus Press Release** – June 12, 2018**Securus Technologies Deploys AeroDefense Drone Detection Solution at Georgia Corrections Facilities AeroDefense Press Release** – May 8, 2018**Drone Detection Startup, Drone Go Home, Announces Rebrand to AeroDefense Entrepreneur.com** – August 10, 2016**This Startup Wants to Build a Drone-Proof Fence to Protect Your Property DroneLife **– March 30, 2023**Observation Without Limits (O.W.L.) Radar: AeroDefense’s Layered Airspace Security System Security Sales & Integration **– March 29, 2023**AeroDefense Integrates O.W.L.’s Radar to Deliver Layered Airspace Security Solution Unmanned Airspace** – March 29, 2023**AeroDefense integrates OWL radar detector within the AirWarden C-UAS system AeroDefense Press Release** – March 29, 2023**AeroDefense Integrates O.W.L.’s Radar to Deliver Layered Airspace Security Solution AeroDefense Press Release** – August 21, 2022**AeroDefense Founder and CEO Receives Enterprising Women in Commerce Platinum Award Newsmax** – August 17, 2022**AeroDefense Discusses Threat from Chinese Drones and Drone Detection Total Security Advisor** – August 17, 2022**Now & Next: Drone Market Is Taking Off COMMERCE Magazine** – August 2, 2022**Enterprising Women Awards Robotics 24/7** – June 21, 2022**Drone Detection System Locates and Tracks Drones Before They Become Threats Corrections1** – April 6, 2022**AeroDefense announces drone detection webinar series Security Industry Association Women in Security Forum** – March 11, 2022**Why Airspace Security is a Good Opportunity for Integrators Security Industry Association Women in Security Forum** – March 8, 2022**Security Industry Association Reveals the 2022 Women in Security Forum Power 100 List Security Industry Association** – October 26, 2021**ISC East Session Preview: The Complexities of Urban Drone Detection and Response Tactics for Identified Threats Unmanned Airspace** – July 28, 2021**New York Federal agencies release results of counter drone technology demonstration in Lower Manhattan Rome Sentinel** – July 28, 2021**Drone expo at Griffiss to aid law enforcers sUAS News** – July 28, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment UAS Weekly** – July 27, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment AeroDefense Press Release** – July 27, 2021**AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment Cape May County Herald** – June 25, 2021**CMCo Office of Emergency Management Joins Drone Study National Aviation Research and Technology Park (NARTP)** – June 23, 2021**Unmanned Aircraft Innovators Complete Functional Drill to Enable Drone Integration into Emergency Response in NJ The Press of Atlantic City** – June 23, 2021**Test flights aim to demonstrate utility of drones in natural disasters SECURITY Magazine** – March 9, 2021**Uncovering the legality and security of radio frequency based drone detection systems – 5 questions to ask technology providers Public Safety Innovators Podcast** – March 8, 2021**Scalable Counter-Drone Detection for Law Enforcement and Private Security ASIS NYC Security Director Magazine** – November 18, 2020**No, Drone Mitigation Laws Don’t Need to Change. Here’s Why. Corrections1** – October 27, 2020**Considerations before implementing drone detection technology Brite Computers** – October 19, 2020**Brite Adds AeroDefense to GSA Contract State Aviation Journal** – October 12, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment UAS Weekly** – October 9, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment World Security Report** – October 9, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment Urban Air Mobility News** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense develops “smart” drone detection AirWarden variant for cities and airports Unmanned Airspace** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense develops “smart” drone detection AirWarden system for cities and airports AeroDefense Press Release** – October 8, 2020**AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment SecurityInfoWatch.com** – October 7, 2020**Drone tech, legislation notes from ISC West The Athletic** – September 24, 2020**Angry birds: MLB wants ‘more robust’ drone laws after recent aerial incursions Commercial Drone Professional** – September 21, 2020**AeroDefense to stamp out drone-borne contraband in Indianan prisons DroneXL** – September 19, 2020**Indiana DoC selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden drone detection system sUAS News** – September 18, 2020**Indiana Department of Correction Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation Unmanned Airspace** – September 17, 2020**Indiana prison service selects AeroDefense drone detection and tracking system to prevent drone-borne contraband deliveries UAS Weekly** – September 17, 2020**Indiana DoC Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation AeroDefense Press Release** – September 17, 2020**Indiana Department of Correction Selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden™ Drone Detection System After Test and Evaluation UAV Digest** – August 21, 2020**Legal Concerns Surrounding Some Drone Detection Technologies UAS Vision** – July 14, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection Unmanned Systems Technology** – July 12, 2020**Mobile Drone Detection for Ground Vehicles & Marine Vessels Introduced Homeland Security Today** – July 11, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection System UAS Weekly** – July 10, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection That Provides Flexible Deployment Options and In-Motion Detection Commercial Drone Professional** – July 10, 2020**AeroDefense introduces mobile drone detection providing flexible deployment options Police One** – July 9, 2020**Provides flexible deployment options and in-motion detection AeroDefense Press Release** – July 9, 2020**AeroDefense Introduces Affordable Mobile Drone Detection That Provides Flexible Deployment Options and In-Motion Detection UAS Vision** – June 23, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Rapid Deploy Drone Detection DroneDJ** – June 22, 2020**AeroDefense and US Air Force working on drone detection system Unmanned Systems Technology** – June 21, 2020**Mobile Drone Detection System Under Development for US Air Force Air Force Technology** – June 19, 2020**AeroDefense and USAF to develop drone detection system sUAS News** – June 19, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection Military Embedded Systems** – June 19, 2020**Ruggedized drone detection in development for U.S. Air Force UAS Weekly** – June 18, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection AeroDefense Press Release** – June 18, 2020**AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Ruggedized and Rapid Deploy Drone Detection Unmanned Airspace** – June 11, 2020**US Air Force base collaborates with local drone detection company AeroDefense Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst** – June 4, 2020**Joint Base MDL to partner with AeroDefense to strengthen drone deterrence IACP Police Chief Magazine** – June 1, 2020**Tech Talk: A Quick Guide on Mobile Drone Detection Corrections Forum Magazine** – April 21, 2020**Detecting Drones – March/April 2020 Issue Smart Airport and Aviation Partnership** – March 30, 2020**AeroDefense Selected for Inaugural FlightPlan Accelerator Program Security Industry Association** – March 26, 2020**3 Tips for Evaluating Mobile Drone Detection Stick @ Nite** – March 25, 2020**Linda Ziemba Discusses Importance of Drone Detection Security Magazine** – March 23, 2020**Product Spotlight for Sports Stadiums Security Sales & Integration** – February 12, 2020**AeroDefense Founder on the Challenges of Marketing Counter-Drone Solutions Security Guy Radio** – February 7, 2020**Drones! Why’d it have to be drones? Drone Radio Show** – January 29, 2020Building a Better Counter UAS RF Detection System --- ## Press 3 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/press-3/ # Press See how our technology is making a global difference in headlines. ASIS NYC Security Director Magazine ## No, Drone Mitigation Laws Don’t Need to Change. Here’s Why. November 18, 2020 Corrections1 ## Considerations before implementing drone detection technology October 27, 2020 Brite Computers ## Brite Adds AeroDefense to GSA Contract October 19, 2020 State Aviation Journal ## AeroDefense Solves Urban and Airport Drone Detection Challenges with Small, Discreet Antenna and Fiber Deployment October 12, 2020 Urban Air Mobility News ## AeroDefense develops “smart” drone detection AirWarden variant for cities and airports October 8, 2020 SecurityInfoWatch.com ## Drone tech, legislation notes from ISC West October 7, 2020 The Athletic ## Angry birds: MLB wants ‘more robust’ drone laws after recent aerial incursions September 24, 2020 Commercial Drone Professional ## AeroDefense to stamp out drone-borne contraband in Indianan prisons September 21, 2020 DroneXL ## Indiana DoC selected AeroDefense’s AirWarden drone detection system September 19, 2020 UAV Digest ## Legal Concerns Surrounding Some Drone Detection Technologies August 21, 2020 UAS Vision ## AeroDefense Introduces Mobile Drone Detection July 14, 2020 Unmanned Systems Technology ## Mobile Drone Detection for Ground Vehicles & Marine Vessels Introduced July 12, 2020 Police One ## Provides flexible deployment options and in-motion detection July 9, 2020 UAS Vision ## AeroDefense Partners with US Air Force to Develop Rapid Deploy Drone Detection June 23, 2020 Unmanned Systems Technology ## Mobile Drone Detection System Under Development for US Air Force June 21, 2020 Unmanned Airspace ## US Air Force base collaborates with local drone detection company AeroDefense June 11, 2020 Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst ## Joint Base MDL to partner with AeroDefense to strengthen drone deterrence June 4, 2020 IACP Police Chief Magazine ## Tech Talk: A Quick Guide on Mobile Drone Detection June 1, 2020 Corrections Forum Magazine ## Detecting Drones – March/April 2020 Issue April 21, 2020 Smart Airport and Aviation Partnership ## AeroDefense Selected for Inaugural FlightPlan Accelerator Program March 30, 2020 See Older Posts --- ## Press 2 URL: https://aerodefense.tech/press-2/ # Press See how our technology is making a global difference in headlines. UAS Weekly ## AeroDefense Implements AirWarden Remote ID Receiver at NCAA Division I Stadiums October 20, 2023 SecurityInfoWatch.com ## AeroDefense deploys AirWarden Remote ID Receiver at two NCAA D-1 college stadiums October 19, 2023 Campus Security Today ## AeroDefense Deploys AirWarden Remote ID Receiver at Two NCAA Division I College Stadiums October 19, 2023 C-UAS Hub ## AeroDefense Integrates O.W.L. Radar March 30, 2023 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Founder and CEO Receives Enterprising Women in Commerce Platinum Award August 21, 2022 Newsmax ## AeroDefense Discusses Threat from Chinese Drones and Drone Detection August 17, 2022 Total Security Advisor ## Now & Next: Drone Market Is Taking Off August 17, 2022 COMMERCE Magazine ## Enterprising Women Awards August 2, 2022 Robotics 24/7 ## Drone Detection System Locates and Tracks Drones Before They Become Threats June 21, 2022 Corrections1 ## AeroDefense announces drone detection webinar series April 6, 2022 Security Industry Association Women in Security Forum ## Why Airspace Security is a Good Opportunity for Integrators March 11, 2022 Security Industry Association ## ISC East Session Preview: The Complexities of Urban Drone Detection and Response Tactics for Identified Threats October 26, 2021 Unmanned Airspace ## New York Federal agencies release results of counter drone technology demonstration in Lower Manhattan July 28, 2021 Rome Sentinel ## Drone expo at Griffiss to aid law enforcers July 28, 2021 sUAS News ## AeroDefense Participates in NYC Dense Urban Environment Drone Detection Experiment July 28, 2021 Cape May County Herald ## CMCo Office of Emergency Management Joins Drone Study June 25, 2021 National Aviation Research and Technology Park (NARTP) ## Unmanned Aircraft Innovators Complete Functional Drill to Enable Drone Integration into Emergency Response in NJ June 23, 2021 The Press of Atlantic City ## Test flights aim to demonstrate utility of drones in natural disasters June 23, 2021 SECURITY Magazine ## Uncovering the legality and security of radio frequency based drone detection systems – 5 questions to ask technology providers March 9, 2021 Public Safety Innovators Podcast ## Scalable Counter-Drone Detection for Law Enforcement and Private Security March 8, 2021 Next Page --- ## Partners URL: https://aerodefense.tech/about-us/partners/ # INDUSTRYPartners See which companies have chosen to partner with AeroDefense # Professional Associations & Memberships At AeroDefense, we recognize that staying at the forefront of airspace security requires engagement with the broader law enforcement and public safety community. Our professional associations and memberships, including FBINAA and IJIS, connect us with leading experts, decision-makers, and innovators in the field. Through these affiliations, we stay informed on the latest trends, best practices, and emerging threats, allowing us to continuously enhance our AirWarden technology. By participating in these networks, we bring our clients the benefits of shared expertise, trusted guidance, and a deeper understanding of the evolving security landscape. The FBI National Academy Associates, Inc. (FBINAA) is a global nonprofit organization of senior law enforcement professionals who have graduated from the prestigious FBI National Academy Program. FBINAA’s mission is to advance and promote law enforcement leadership through ongoing training, education, and networking, helping its members strengthen communities and uphold the highest standards of the rule of law worldwide. Members represent top law enforcement leadership from across the United States and around the world, fostering collaboration and shared expertise across agencies and jurisdictions. The IJIS Institute is a nonprofit collaboration network that brings together public and private sector leaders to improve mission‑critical information sharing, technology innovation, and public safety outcomes. By fostering partnerships across justice, homeland security, emergency response, and critical infrastructure domains, IJIS helps advance policies, standards, and solutions that promote safer and more efficient communities. # Resellers & Referral Partners Our resellers and referral partners help extend the reach of AeroDefense solutions, connecting customers with trusted sources for AirWarden technology. These partnerships ensure that organizations can access expert guidance, seamless purchasing, and local support, making it easier to implement effective drone detection and airspace security solutions. Focused on Public Safety since 1999, Brite provides innovative technologies that deliver safety for officers, improve efficiency of a variety of tasks, and enhance incident response times. Brite offers a full suite of Intelligence Center tools ranging from investigative platforms, drone technologies, real-time visual operation tools and video analytics platforms. AirWarden is available through Brite’s GSA Schedule. Founded in 2001, Convergint is the largest independent security integrator in the world with nearly $1.5B in revenues, over 5,000 colleagues and 120 offices around the world. This growth is a result of consistently and successfully delivering large, complex projects across multiple domains that achieve the unique mission of their clients. Convergint’s status as the leader in the public safety market gives them access to the latest technologies and visibility into the market that no other integrator has. Covered 6 is a group of highly experienced trainers and consultants with backgrounds in law enforcement, military, legal community and corporate security. Many of their cadre have gained their experience in austere environments, real life combat scenarios, and major crisis management, both stateside and abroad. PMC Associates is a family-owned and operated Wireless solutions provider, specializing in Two-Way Radio Systems and Subscribers, as well as other Mission-Critical Communications equipment. Founded in 1988, and located in Hazlet, New Jersey, PMC serves the NYC Metropolitan area, as well as upstate NY, NJ, PA, DE, MD, DC and VA. TGR Technologies provides cutting-edge solutions for law enforcement and corrections, including advanced drone detection, IMSI catchers, and doppler radar systems capable of tracking various targets. Additionally, TGR offers prison management software, OSINT tools, video analytics, and 3-D lidar cameras, all designed to enhance efficiency and accuracy. Security Engineers is committed to setting a new standard for uniformed security services, with a strong focus on the communities they protect. With a management team that brings extensive backgrounds in law enforcement, military, and private security, Security Engineers leads with experience and professionalism. They continue to innovate at the intersection of public and private sector collaboration to deliver forward-thinking protection. Kodai Consulting Group is a certified minority, veteran and women-owned business based in California, specializing in strategic safety and security solutions with a growing focus on drone detection and mitigation. Our team includes seasoned professionals from military, law enforcement, federal agencies, and corporate sectors bringing deep expertise in airspace awareness, threat assessment, and emerging technologies. Kodai combines operational expertise with cutting-edge tools to bring innovative, proactive solutions to a wide range of industries including large-scale events, corporate campuses, educational institutions, and critical infrastructure. The Syndicate is an innovative fusion company established by active law enforcement personnel and Special Operations veterans. Recognizing a significant disparity between conventional commercial security and complex operational realities, their founders created a firm that delivers elite intelligence and defense capabilities to any mission. From detecting unauthorized drone activity at major public events to conducting high-rise threat assessments in high-stakes environments, The Syndicate provides the advanced overwatch necessary to secure positive outcomes. Allied Universal®  is a global leader in security and facility services, providing integrated security solutions that combine highly trained personnel, advanced technology, and risk management expertise. Operating in more than 100 countries with approximately 770,000 employees, Allied Universal helps organizations across critical infrastructure, commercial, government, and enterprise sectors protect people, property, and operations through tailored security programs. # Integration Partners At AeroDefense, we believe in the power of collaboration to deliver the most effective drone detection solutions. Our integration partners are carefully selected to complement and enhance the capabilities of our AirWarden technology, ensuring that our customers can access additional security solutions seamlessly. By partnering with industry leaders across various sectors, we extend the reach of our innovative drone detection system, integrating it with a range of advanced security platforms. These partnerships allow us to provide our clients with a unified approach to airspace security, offering enhanced situational awareness. Founded in Detroit in 2018, Airspace Link is at the forefront of enabling safe drone integration into national airspace and communities. As an FAA-approved UAS Service Supplier, the company’s cloud-based platform, AirHub® Portal, provides essential digital infrastructure to support the growing drone industry. Airspace Link provides drone integration support to cities and government organizations across the United States through its FlySafe Program. OWL is a business formed by Dynetics, a Leidos company, with 3,000+ staff members and state-of-the-art R&D and manufacturing facilities in Huntsville, Alabama. OWL leverages 48 years of radar and integration experience with U.S. defense and intelligence community customers to develop, manufacture, install, and support the OWL GroundAware® family of 2D and 3D digital beamforming radar systems. Critical infrastructure and government sectors around the world use OWL solutions for ground and low-altitude airspace surveillance, as well as for integrated counter-drone systems. Thunderbolt Solutions strives to revolutionize defense and commercial industries through innovative engineering, pioneering advanced technology solutions, and delivering unparalleled expertise and results beyond expectations. Thunderbolt ingests AirWarden detection data to target their drone dispatch for situational intelligence. # Interested in becoming an AeroDefense partner? Fill out the form below to request more information and take the first step toward joining a trusted network dedicated to enhancing drone detection and airspace security. Our team will review your request and reach out with next steps. Let’s work together to protect people and infrastructure from potential drone threats! --- ## Press URL: https://aerodefense.tech/about-us/press/ # MEDIAPress See how our technology is making a difference in headlines DroneLife ## AeroDefense Launches No-Cost Drone Detection Access Program for Law Enforcement February 19, 2026 EIN Presswire ## AeroDefense Launches No-Cost Drone Detection Access Program for Local, State, and Federal Law Enforcement February 18, 2026 Unmanned Airspace ## AeroDefense AirWarden C-UAS customers can now share data with first responders February 18, 2026 EIN Presswire ## Missile Defense Agency Selects AeroDefense for SHIELD IDIQ to Support Golden Dome Defense Initiatives January 14, 2026 Unmanned Airspace ## AeroDefense reports major SHIELD C-UAS contract from the Missile Defense Agency January 14, 2026 EIN Presswire ## AeroDefense Celebrates 10 Years of Innovation in Airspace Security September 30, 2025 GPS World ## A look at new FAA-compliant UAV detection software and thrust-vectoring drones April 16, 2025 UAS Vision ## AeroDefense Launches AirWarden Essentials, an Affordable Drone Detection System March 19, 2025 Autonomy Global ## The Latest In Public Safety Tech: What’s New and What’s Next from DRONERESPONDERS NACON March 18, 2025 C-UAS Hub ## AeroDefense launches AirWarden drone detection system March 18, 2025 USA Today ## AeroDefense Launches AirWarden™ Essentials, An Affordable Drone Detection System for All March 12, 2025 Aerospace & Defense Technology ## How a Cloud-Based Remote ID System Helps Monitor Random Drone Sightings February 17, 2025 DroneDJ ## Drone detection under $5K? AeroDefense delivers with AirWarden Essentials January 13, 2025 Police1 ## AeroDefense unveils AirWarden Essentials – a wide-area drone detection solution January 13, 2025 Unmanned Systems Technology ## New Drone Detection Solution Leverages Remote ID Broadcasts January 10, 2025 Security Systems News ## AeroDefense launches drone detection solution AirWarden Essentials January 9, 2025 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Unveils AirWarden™ Essentials – A Wide-Area Drone Detection Solution January 8, 2025 Airspace Link ## Airspace Link Launches AirHub® Portal Marketplace, Offering Additional Partner Capabilities for Integrating and Managing Drones July 31, 2024 sUAS News ## AeroDefense receives SAFETY Act Designation by the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) May 8, 2024 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Achieves Department of Homeland Security SAFETY Act Designation May 7, 2024 UAS Weekly ## AeroDefense Introduces Free Drone Risk Assessment Template for Simplified Evaluation May 2, 2024 NBC Philadelphia ## NJ first responders deploy tracking equipment that can pinpoint threats from recreational remote pilots April 20, 2024 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Offers Free, Easy-to-Use Drone Risk Assessment Template April 30, 2024 DroneLife ## Seven Steps to Match Drone Detection Investment to Threat Level March 29, 2024 Unmanned Airspace ## AeroDefense expands Collaborative Drone Detection Network development via AFWERX contract March 9, 2024 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Accelerates Collaborative Drone Detection Network Development via AFWERX Tactical Funding Increase Contract March 7, 2024 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Deploys AirWarden Remote ID Receiver at Two NCAA Division I College Stadiums October 19, 2023 Commercial UAV News ## AeroDefense Announces Remote ID Integration for Existing Drone Detection Systems and Low-Cost Remote ID Receiver April 24, 2023 UAS Weekly ## AeroDefense Introduces Low-Cost Remote ID Receiver for Existing Drone Detection Systems April 24, 2023 Police1 ## AeroDefense announces remote ID integration for existing drone detection systems and low-cost remote ID receiver April 22, 2023 DroneLife ## Drone Detection: AeroDefense Launches Low Cost, Low Profile Remote ID Receiver `{`VIDEO`}` April 21, 2023 Unmanned Airspace ## AeroDefense announces Remote ID integration and receiver for existing detection systems April 21, 2023 C-UAS Hub ## AeroDefense Remote ID Receiver Capabilities Announced April 20, 2023 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense Announces Remote ID Integration for Existing Drone Detection Systems and Low-Cost Remote ID Receiver April 20, 2023 SecurityInfoWatch ## AeroDefense and Covered 6 forge strategic partnership to elevate drone threat awareness February 8, 2024 Unmanned Airspace ## AeroDefense links with Covered 6 to provide wider access to C-UAS markets February 8, 2024 AeroDefense Press Release ## AeroDefense and Covered 6 Forge Strategic Partnership to Elevate Drone Threat Awareness February 8, 2024 Avionics International ## Two College Stadiums Adopt Anti-drone Tech from AeroDefense October 20, 2023 Next Page --- ## Custom Footer Insight URL: https://aerodefense.tech/custom-footer-insight/ --- ## About Us URL: https://aerodefense.tech/about-us/ # ABOUT USAbout AeroDefense Our commitment to innovation and security ## AeroDefense’s Mission AeroDefense was founded in 2015 with a clear mission: to equip organizations with the tools they need to understand and manage drone activity in their airspace. AeroDefense systems detect, track, and locate both drones and their pilots, giving security teams the insight they need to respond quickly and effectively. ## Who We Are AeroDefense offers a full range of drone/pilot detect, track, identify products developed and manufactured in the US. All products operate without the need for legal waivers. Since 2017 AeroDefense has provided drone detection solutions to public safety, correctional facility, stadium, critical infrastructure and defense customers. ## Our Solutions We’re serious about drone detection. It is 100% the focus of our business. We develop and manufacture our own solutions in Oceanport, NJ where we are headquartered. Our AirWarden drone detection systems are actively deployed in many locations across the nation and have proven effective in many complicated environments such as New York’s Times Square during a large outdoor gathering and downtown Manhattan as well as MetLife Stadium where it has been commercially deployed since 2018. START YOUR JOURNEY WITH US ## Our Commitment Praised widely for its reliability and legal detection method, AeroDefense’s AirWarden was the first drone detection solution to receive the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) Support Anti-Terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies (SAFETY) Act Development Testing and Evaluation Designation in 2019. In 2024, DHS awarded AirWarden Designation status, which further proves the system’s effectiveness. AeroDefense’s skilled engineers are dedicated to innovation. The company has secured three Small Business Innovation Research Grant contracts through the US Air Force to accelerate the development of dual-use drone detection technologies. With five US. patents and one in Canada, AeroDefense is committed to continuously improving its technology and envisioning better ways to secure its customers’ airspace. ## Why Choose Us Choose AeroDefense for industry-leading drone detection solutions that offer unmatched compliance, wide area coverage, scalability, and proven reliability—all at an affordable cost. AFFORDABLE & RELIABLE Affordable and comprehensive drone detection without compromising quality EASY TO USE Intuitive interfaces that allow for quick setup and seamless operation FULL COVERAGE Wide area coverage adaptable to the needs of any size organization or facility LEGAL FOR ANYONE Legal for anyone without the need for special permissions MADE IN USA US-based support, manufacturing, and development leaving no questions as to data and hardware security ## Why Choose Us Choose AeroDefense for industry-leading drone detection solutions that offer unmatched compliance, wide area coverage, scalability, and proven reliability—all at an affordable cost. AFFORDABLE & RELIABLE Affordable and comprehensive drone detection without compromising quality EASY TO USE Intuitive interfaces that allow for quick setup and seamless operation WIDE-AREA, SCALABLE Wide area coverage adaptable to the needs of any size organization or facility LEGAL FOR ANYONE Legal for anyone without the need for special permissions MADE IN USA US-based support, manufacturing, and development leaving no questions as to data and hardware security ## Our Partners --- ## Legality URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/airwarden-legal-drone-detection/ # LEGALITYLegal Drone Detection How our AirWarden legal drone detection solutions comply with federal laws ## Our Commitment to Legal Drone Detection AeroDefense develops legal drone detection solutions that adhere strictly to federal standards and require no federal waivers for operation. Our commitment to compliance ensures that our technology is both effective and permissible, allowing customers to confidently secure their airspace without navigating complex regulatory hurdles. By prioritizing legal integrity, AeroDefense delivers innovative solutions that are not only technologically advanced but also fully compliant with federal regulations. ## REGULATORY COMPLIANCECorporate Lawyer Looking for Legal Drone Detection? You need to understand the regulatory and risk environment surrounding drone detection. AeroDefense does not offer legal advice, but shares research we accumulated over the years in our efforts to prioritize regulatory compliance. All the resources provided on this page are designed to assist corporate legal teams in understanding the compliance and lawful use of AirWarden as a drone detection technology that does not require federal waivers to operate. Considering mitigation as a tactic? MITIGATION CONSIDERATIONS ## How AeroDefense’s AirWarden Operates vs Other Drone Detection Systems ### How AirWarden Operates AirWarden drone detection systems receive publicly available Remote ID broadcasts, utilize Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum sensing, employ RF direction finding, or a combination to detect, locate, and track drones and controllers simultaneously. AirWarden drone detection systems operate without the need for legal waivers. ### How Other Systems Operate As mentioned in the Advisory on Use of Technology to Detect and Mitigate Unmanned Aircraft Systems, many radio frequency based technologies break federal surveillance laws by reading private drone signal content.  These systems that read private signal content require legal waivers for operation ## What is Remote ID? The Remote Identification (Remote ID) rule is a regulation by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States that requires drones to broadcast identification and location information. Manufacturers and drone pilots must both ensure compliance with the rule. For older drones manufactured before the rule was announced, many manufacturers force firmware updates or the drones won’t fly. See the current list of drones in compliance. This list is continuously growing. SEE FAA LIST ## Federal Laws Related to Drone Detection Below are the current federal laws pertaining to drone detection and how AirWarden legal drone detection systems work within their confines. ### Law ### Explanation ### AirWarden Compliance The Pen/Trap Statute, 18 U.S.C. §§ 3121-3127 It’s illegal to use or set up any device or method that records, decodes, or captures non-content information related to dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling.  For drones, this means you can’t use equipment to intercept or track header information to confirm a signal is from a drone. AirWarden does not “record, decode, or capture” any signal information from drones that is not intended for Public Broadcast. The Wiretap Act Prohibits the capturing or listening to the private communications drones transmit unless you have proper authorization from a court. AirWarden does not intercept private drone signals, nor does it intercept the content of the signal. 18 U.S.C. § 2512 It’s illegal to make, sell, own, or advertise devices used to intercept drone electronic communications. AirWarden does not intercept drone signals, according to the definition as outlined by the law. The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), 18 U.S.C. § 1030 It’s illegal to intentionally access, hack, or damage a drone’s control system without authorization. AirWarden does not obtain information from private drone signals and does not hack, access, or cause damage to drone control systems. Interference with the Operation of a Satellite, 18 U.S.C. § 1367 It’s illegal to jam, block, or interfere with GPS signals of drones or their control stations, as well as disrupt control signals sent from satellites to drones. AirWarden does not engage in the “jamming, spoofing, degrading, or interfering” of drones or their signals. Communication Lines, Stations, or Systems, 18 U.S.C. § 1362 Prohibits intentionally damaging or destroying drones and drone communication systems operated or controlled by the U.S., or used for military or civil defense. AirWarden does not utilize any mitigation tactics. This includes any U.S. controlled or military operated drones. The Aircraft Sabotage Act, 18 U.S.C. § 32(a) It’s illegal to damage, destroy, or disable drones. This law applies to any harmful actions taken against any aircraft. AirWarden does not “damage, destroy, or disable” any drone. The Aircraft Piracy Act, 49 U.S.C. § 46502 It’s illegal to seize or take control of a drone with wrongful intent, meaning doing so without legal authorization or for malicious purposes. AirWarden does not utilize mitigation abilities such as taking control of drone systems. Use of Airspace. 49 U.S.C. § 40103 This law gives the public the right to use navigable airspace and gives the FAA the authority to keep it safe and efficient. This includes making sure compliant aircraft, including drones, can fly without improper interference. AirWarden does not interfere with UAS or their signals. However, AirWarden does track UAS and their controllers, thus aiding in reaction to UAS criminal acts or unauthorized UAS flights in protected areas. 1. The Pen/Trap Statute, 18 U.S.C. §§ 3121-3127 ### Explanation It’s illegal to use or set up any device or method that records, decodes, or captures non-content information related to dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling. For drones, this means you can’t use equipment to intercept or track header information to confirm a signal is from a drone. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not “record, decode, or capture” any signal information from drones that is not intended for Public Broadcast. 2. The Wiretap Act ### Explanation Prohibits the capturing or listening to the private communications drones transmit unless you have proper authorization from a court. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not intercept private drone signals, nor does it intercept the content of the signal. 3. 18 U.S.C. § 2512 ### Explanation It’s illegal to make, sell, own, or advertise devices used to intercept drone electronic communications. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not intercept drone signals, according to the definition as outlined by the law. 4. The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), 18 U.S.C. § 1030 ### Explanation It’s illegal to intentionally access, hack, or damage a drone’s control system without authorization. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not obtain information from private drone signals and does not hack, access, or cause damage to drone control systems. 5. Interference with the Operation of a Satellite, 18 U.S.C. § 1367 ### Explanation It’s illegal to jam, block, or interfere with GPS signals of drones or their control stations, as well as disrupt control signals sent from satellites to drones. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not engage in the “jamming, spoofing, degrading, or interfering” of drones or their signals. 6. Communication Lines, Stations, or Systems, 18 U.S.C. § 1362 ### Explanation Prohibits intentionally damaging or destroying drones and drone communication systems operated or controlled by the U.S., or used for military or civil defense. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not utilize any mitigation tactics. This includes any U.S. controlled or military operated drones. 7. The Aircraft Sabotage Act, 18 U.S.C. § 32(a) ### Explanation It’s illegal to damage, destroy, or disable drones. This law applies to any harmful actions taken against any aircraft. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not “damage, destroy, or disable” any drone. 8. The Aircraft Piracy Act, 49 U.S.C. § 46502 ### Explanation It’s illegal to seize or take control of a drone with wrongful intent, meaning doing so without legal authorization or for malicious purposes. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not utilize mitigation abilities such as taking control of drone systems. 9. Use of Airspace. 49 U.S.C. § 40103 ### Explanation This law gives the public the right to use navigable airspace and gives the FAA the authority to keep it safe and efficient. This includes making sure compliant aircraft, including drones, can fly without improper interference. ### AirWarden Compliance AirWarden does not interfere with UAS or their signals. However, AirWarden does track UAS and their controllers, thus aiding in reaction to UAS criminal acts or unauthorized UAS flights in protected areas. ## Detection vs Mitigation Limited to a handful of Federal Agencies, mitigation technologies can repel or intercept an unauthorized drone. For example, interference signals can jam or break the communications connection between the drone and its operator, which can trigger the drone to land or return to its operator. AirWarden focuses on early and reliable detection and tracking of drones and their operators. This allows for timely and effective responses without the need for risky and sometimes unreliable mitigative abilities. CORPORATE LAWYERS: Imagine mitigation becomes legal tomorrow. Your organization would bear full responsibility for any drone that falls from the sky. If it damages property, that’s on you. If it injures or kills someone, you’re liable. Is that a risk worth taking? ## Authorization and 124n Waivers 124n waivers are special exceptions to the drone detection laws described above given to a select number of government agencies. AirWarden systems are designed to operate within the confines of the law, without requiring any authorization or 124n waivers to operate. ## Ready to find the perfect legal drone detection solution? Start our interactive journey to explore your options and discover which technology best fits your needs. Take the first step in securing your airspace today! START YOUR JOURNEY --- ## Footer – Contact Us URL: https://aerodefense.tech/footer-contact-us/ Protect your airspace. Elevate your security. Book a Demo AeroDefense offers a full range of drone/pilot detection, tracking and identification. Our products are developed and manufactured in the US. All products operate without the need for legal waivers. ADDRESS 1000 Sanger Ave, Suite 18 Oceanport, NJ 07757 PHONE 1-732-284-3853 SUPPORT help@aerodefense.tech SALES sales@aerodefense.tech   Terms of Use   |   Privacy Policy   |  Sitemap AeroDefense offers a full range of drone/pilot detection, tracking and identification. Our products are developed and manufactured in the US. All products operate without the need for legal waivers. ADDRESS 1000 Sanger Ave, Suite 18 Oceanport, NJ 07757 PHONE 1-732-284-3853 SALES sales@aerodefense.tech SUPPORT help@aerodefense.tech   Terms of Use   |   Privacy Policy   |  Sitemap --- ## Drone Detection Laws Whitepaper URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-laws-whitepaper/ ## WHITEPAPERDrone Detection Laws Drone detection laws are governed by several three-letter federal agencies, making the legal landscape complex for Counter-UAS and drone detection technologies. Organizations should carefully review these laws and regulations before investing in any solution. ### Legal and Regulatory Considerations for Implementing Drone Threat Security Solutions We collaborated with Deloitte’s US Drone Services practice to provide an overview of the drone detection laws applicable to any organization considering or currently employing drone detection and Counter-UAS capabilities. At a glance: 1. UAS proliferation and the rising need to protect assets and facilities against careless, clueless and criminal drone use 2. Who governs the legal use of drone detection and mitigation technology? 3. Drones: How they communicate and why it’s important 4. The regulatory landscape 5. Authorization to use 6 U.S. Code § 124n (Protection of Assets and Facilities) Resources --- ## How to Spot a Drone Training URL: https://aerodefense.tech/how-to-spot-a-drone-training/ # FREE RESOURCEHow to Spot A Drone Training Wondering how to spot a drone? Drones are often mistaken for birds, planes, or other aircraft, especially from a distance or in crowded airspace. Their small size, quiet operation, and ability to blend in with their surroundings make them difficult to identify. Sometimes even when a drone detection system is in place, staff may misidentify airborne objects as a missed drone detection. Using visual cues, behavior patterns, and reference images or videos from this training can help your team improve accuracy and reduce these false alarms. ## This How to Spot a Drone training assists in the difficult task to visually locate drones in tough environmental conditions. 1. Images of Common Commercial Drones 2. Various Images and Videos of Drones at Different Heights and Distances Against Different Backgrounds 3. Table and Various Images and Videos That Compare Characteristics of Drones, Airplanes, Helicopters and Birds Resources --- ## Drone Risk Assessment Template URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-risk-assessment-template/ ## FREE RESOURCEDrone Risk Assessment Template Using a drone risk assessment template is a practical first step to quantify the risk and potential financial loss from drone incidents, which can otherwise feel overwhelming. You may be asking yourself, “How do I decide if drone detection technology is worth the investment?” ### We’ve developed a free drone risk assessment template to help you: 1. Estimate your risk exposure and quantify potential losses 2. Compare a drone detection investment to your risk exposure. ### We Can Help You Complete the Assessment Risk exposure means different things to different organizations and costs can vary. For example, in some cases locations are put on lockdown and all buildings searched when there is a drone incident. This type of resource-heavy response carries a cost even when no damage occurs. As an example, a data center may need to send staff to every rooftop to ensure no cyber-threat technology was deployed. We will provide a free 1 hour consultation to help you complete our template. Schedule Consultation ### We Can Help You with Charts and Graphs Don’t need help with filling out the tool but want help with creating charts and graphs to show your leadership? Contact Sales Resources --- ## Landing Page Footer URL: https://aerodefense.tech/landing-page-footer/ --- ## Correctional Facilities URL: https://aerodefense.tech/use-cases/correctional-facility-drone-detection/ # CORRECTIONAL FACILITIESCorrectional Facility Drone Detection See how AirWarden helps disrupt and prevent drone-borne contraband. ## The Problem Drones fly over prisons to deliver illegal contraband items like cell phones, drugs, tools, and weapons. These deliveries present a major safety risk to both prison staff and inmates. However, apprehending those responsible is challenging. Deliveries are often a coordinated effort. They may include multiple drones, pilots, and battery changes, and may start and end in completely different locations. Relying solely on training corrections officers to spot drones isn’t enough. Drones are easily mistaken for birds or planes and can quickly deliver harmful contraband. ## The Solution A key goal of a correctional facility drone detection system is to prevent contraband deliveries that threaten inmate and staff safety and security. A system that accurately alerts to both drone and pilot locations enables rapid responses, such as prison lockdowns. Quick, consistent responses deter criminals from attempting contraband drops. AirWarden correctional facility drone detection systems alert authorities to the location for threatening drones and the pilots operating them. ## Before an Incident AirWarden constantly monitors the environment for drone activity. All you have to do is wait for audio/visual and text/email alerts when a drone enters your configurable alert zone. AirWarden allows monitoring from anywhere, enabling command centers and agencies to oversee multiple locations effectively. ## During an Incident Locate the drone(s) and pilot(s) The AirWarden correctional facility drone detection system shows you the location of the offending drone and pilot at the same time. The system detects a wide variety of drone manufacturers. Alert the appropriate personnel The AirWarden command console provides audible and visual alerts. The system sends automated text and email alerts to selected users. Local law enforcement can receive alerts for a coordinated response. Expand Operations When facilities have intel that a drone drop is occurring, response teams can position vehicle or tripod mounted sensors to extend the detection area. ## After an Incident Drone detection isn’t just useful for immediate response. Historical reporting enables analysis of past incidents, identifies patterns, and enhances the ability to predict and prevent future incidents. SCHEDULE DEMO ## Our Differentiators Locates the drone and pilot simultaneously Does not require legal waivers to operate 2 x DHS SAFETY Act Designated Rules-based sharing of drone detection data Developed and manufactured in the USA START YOUR JOURNEY ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTCase Study Spotlight From the Fall of 2017 through present day deployment, AirWarden has proven itself as a successful deterrent to unauthorized drone flights at a Georgia State Prison. Georgia’s proactive response plans along with the use of AirWarden as an early warning system has resulted in several key incident detections, the interception of over $500,000 in contraband, and suspect arrest. Most importantly, drone delivery attempts have essentially been eliminated. DOWNLOAD CASE STUDY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BezZxQF2pRw ## RESOURCE SPOTLIGHTHow to Spot A Drone Training Drones are often confused as birds, planes, or other aircraft and can pretty quickly introduce harmful contraband. This How to Spot a Drone Training for Correctional Officers assists in the difficult task to visually locate drones in tough environmental conditions. This training includes: – Images of Common Commercial Drones – Various Images and Videos of Drones at Different Heights and Distances Against Different Backgrounds – Table and Various Images and Videos That Compare Characteristics of Drones, Airplanes, Helicopters and Birds ACCESS TRAINING ## Request a Demo Correctional facilities are prime targets for unauthorized drone activity. Schedule a quick demo to see how our affordable drone detection solution gives you real-time airspace awareness—no guesswork, no expensive hardware. ## Related blogs Legal Aspects of Drone Detection for Correctional Facilities Drone Response Tactics for Correctional Facilities Drone Threats at Correctional Facilities Corrections Drone Detection: How to Prevent Drone-Borne Contraband Drone Detection Technology for Correctional Facilities 5 Reasons Your Correctional Facility Needs a Drone Detection System --- ## Videos URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/videos/ # VIDEOSDrone Detection Videos See how our technology is making a difference in security and defense. FEATURED VIDEO ### AeroDefense Founder and CEO on Recent Drone Sightings in New Jersey NEWSMAX Channel https://youtu.be/ceppdLT81ng Newsmax Media, Inc. correspondent Christina Thompson recently interviewed AeroDefense Founder and CEO Linda Ziemba. Ziemba shared insights about emerging drone concerns and the importance of airspace awareness for companies amidst the recent drone sightings in New Jersey. DRONE DETECTION TECHNOLOGY ### Introducing AeroDefense AirWarden™ Essentials and Drone Detection AeroDefense AirWarden™ Essentials https://youtu.be/fO8_EOUrSfg?si=2D7Zh0a7ID0ihSAA AirWarden™ Essentials – a first of its kind to monitor drone traffic through networked drone Remote ID broadcasts for local and wide area views. Annual single and multi-user subscription plans can be purchased directly from AeroDefense’s website. INTRO TO DRONE DETECTION ### AeroDefense and AirWarden™ Drone Detection Overview Reliable and Proven Drone Detection Solutions https://youtu.be/qjz1th0qt1o Founded in 2015, AeroDefense offers fixed and mobile drone detection (in-motion) solutions for airports, correctional facilities, military forces, stadiums, and other critical infrastructure. AeroDefense’s patented Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection system, AirWarden™, detects, classifies, locates, and tracks both drone and pilot simultaneously, providing actionable intelligence for security teams to respond effectively (and safely) to drone threats. The system is actively deployed in the marketplace and has proven effective in high RF environments like New York’s Times Square as well as MetLife Stadium where it has been commercially deployed since 2018. AeroDefense is a U.S. based, woman-owned business operating within the legal requirements of drone detection technologies. INTRO TO DRONE DETECTION ### Understanding RF Drone Detection Legality in 1 Minute Reliable and Proven Drone Detection Solutions https://youtu.be/3HnuK-4n9IE Drone detection and mitigation systems are governed by federal wiretapping laws. This one minute video helps to explain why some Radio Frequency (RF) based drone detection systems violate wiretapping laws. INTRO TO DRONE DETECTION ### Problems with Drone Detection Systems that Decode and Demodulate in 1 Minute Issues with Decoding and Demodulating RF Signals https://youtu.be/xwOYEkFyqEs Some radio frequency (RF) based drone detection systems decode and demodulate drone signals to extract information like the drone’s serial number and GPS coordinates. Here are 3 problems with that approach. INTRO TO DRONE DETECTION ### Understanding RF Drone Detection Legality in 1 Minute Reliable and Proven Drone Detection Solutions https://youtu.be/-zcDKm4KI4Q AeroDefense discusses their innovative drone detection solutions and the impact on security for various infrastructures. More Videos on YouTube --- ## Jobs URL: https://aerodefense.tech/job-openings/ --- ## Careers URL: https://aerodefense.tech/about-us/aerodefense-careers/ # CAREERSAeroDefense Careers Join our team to make a difference in airspace security ## Why AeroDefense? Why should you consider AeroDefense careers? Core Beliefs that Power Our Commitment to Safety, Innovation, and Teamwork Innovation Be part of a cutting-edge industry that is constantly evolving. At AeroDefense, you’ll work with the latest tools and technologies, contributing to groundbreaking projects that shape the future of airspace security. Team Culture Join a supportive and collaborative team that values your contributions. Our inclusive work environment prioritizes mutual respect and teamwork, where your voice is heard and your efforts are celebrated. Impact Develop products that have a real-world impact on safety and security. At AeroDefense, your work on the AirWarden™ system is vital to protect people and property from drone threats, making a real difference for our clients. Growth Take advantage of opportunities for professional development and career advancement. AeroDefense supports your journey to grow your skills and advance your career within a dynamic and forward-thinking company. ## Join Our Team Our innovative team thrives on collaboration, creativity, and the shared mission to protect against unauthorized drone activity. We value diverse perspectives, encourage professional growth, and provide opportunities to work with cutting-edge technology in an exciting and fast-growing industry. If you’re passionate about making a tangible impact on public safety and airspace security, AeroDefense offers an environment where your ideas and skills can soar. Join us in shaping the future of drone detection technology! ## AeroDefense Career Opportunities ### Outside Sales Representative — Central Region Candidates must reside within the Central region they will represent. ### Outside Sales Representative — Mountain Region Candidates must reside within the Mountain region they will represent. ### Outside Sales Representative — Eastern Region Candidates must reside within the Eastern region they will represent. --- ## Safety Act URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/dhs-safety-act-designation/ # SAFETY ACTDHS SAFETY Act Designation AeroDefense’s journey to achieving SAFETY Act recognition and its benefits for AirWarden users ## What is SAFETY Act? US Congress created the Support Anti-terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies (SAFETY) Act of 2002 in the aftermath of the September 11th attacks to encourage the creation and use of Qualified Anti-Terrorism Technologies (QATTs) and provide liability protections to their sellers and end users. Under the Act, companies that develop, sell, or use these technologies are shielded from certain legal claims in the event of a terrorist attack Technologies eligible for protections undergo a rigorous evaluation process, ensuring they meet government standards for effectiveness in combating terrorism. ## DHS SAFETY ACTAeroDefense’s Designation Status In 2019 AeroDefense was the first drone detection vendor to receive a SAFETY Act award – the Developmental Testing and Evaluation Designation. Since then AeroDefense has achieved Designation status which proves substantial utility and effectiveness of QATTs. The benefits of this prestigious designation are awarded to emerging QATTs that go through an extensive evaluation process. DEVELOPMENTAL TESTING & EVALUATION DESIGNATION (2019) DESIGNATION (2024) ## Benefits to AirWarden Users To encourage the development and widespread use of effective anti-terrorism technologies that reduce risks to the nation, the SAFETY Act offers liability protections to technology providers and Critical Infrastructure and Public Venues who deploy such technologies. DHS has thoroughly vetted and placed their confidence in our drone and pilot detection. Designation requires legal deployment and operation. End-users receive full immunity from liability claims alleging technology failure in the event of a terror attack. If your organization is seeking your own designation or certification, using products and services have their own designation or certification will be beneficial. ## Ready to find the perfect drone detection solution? Start our interactive journey to explore your options and discover which technology best fits your needs. Take the first step in securing your airspace today! START YOUR JOURNEY --- ## Challenge URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/unidentified-drones-challenge/ # CHALLENGEUnidentified Drones – The Challenge Discover why unidentified drones pose widespread challenges across industries ## The Rise of Unidentified Drones Not all drones pose a risk, and many operate legally—but without a way to locate the pilot, you lack airspace awareness, leaving unidentified drones to fly undetected and making it impossible to distinguish between harmless drones and those that raise security, safety, privacy, or interference concerns. Traditional security systems protect the ground—fences, cameras, and guards—but ignore the sky. Drones can easily bypass physical barriers, leaving critical facilities exposed without early warning. They fly over fences and evade standard security measures, making it difficult to identify and assess unidentified drones. Without airspace awareness, facilities remain vulnerable to unseen risks. Explore Solutions ## Unidentified DronesSafety Hazards Drones, when operated without proper authorization can: INTERFERE WITH AIRCRAFT Create a significant risk of collisions and accidents with manned aircraft ENDANGER PUBLIC SAFETY Pose risks to individuals in crowded public spaces, events, and gatherings where they could cause injuries or panic ## Unidentified DronesOperations Disruption Drones can disrupt critical operations and events when they: INTERFERE WITH EMERGENCY RESPONSE Hinder the efforts of first responders, fire services, and law enforcement during emergencies DISTURB PUBLIC EVENTS AND GATHERINGS Cause interruptions and security concerns at concerts, sports events, and public gatherings ## Unidentified DronesUnauthorized Surveillance Unauthorized drones can be used for malicious activities, such as: CYBER ATTACK Physically breach secure perimeters to deliver malicious hardware, intercept wireless communications, or exploit network vulnerabilities from close range IP THEFT Capture sensitive data using built-in high-resolution video cameras to record detailed images or footage, or employ advanced LiDAR technology to create precise 3D maps of facilities, revealing proprietary designs and critical operational information. ## Unidentified DronesSecurity Risks Unauthorized drones can be used for malicious activities, such as: SMUGGLING Transport illegal goods, including drugs and contraband, into restricted areas like prisons and secure facilities TARGETED ATTACK Drone equipped with explosives, firearms, or chemical agents to carry out targeted strikes from a distance ## Elevate Your 2D Perimeter Security to Airspace Aware 3D Security Add airspace awareness that alerts you to drone and pilot locations to your current 2D perimeter security tools. Start Your Journey Now --- ## Landing Page – For Google Ads URL: https://aerodefense.tech/airwarden-essentials-2/ # AirWarden™ Essentials https://youtu.be/fO8_EOUrSfg ## Know Your Airspace ## Find the Pilot, Fast. RELIABLE Real-time monitoring and automated alerts with pilot’s exact location AFFORDABLE Low annual subscription fee that includes complimentary hardware SCALABLE Add alert zones to cover more airspace and integrate with security systems START JOURNEY SCHEDULE DEMO User License (per year) $2,400 - One (1) User Alert Zone (per year) $2,580 - Covers up to 12,500 acres or 20 square miles The alert zone serves as a boundary to trigger drone alerts when a drone moves within the boundary. If you need a larger alert zone, contact sales.** sales@aerodefense.tech** ## We Give You *Exact* Locations for the Drone/Pilot and Other Info ## Live Information AirWarden Essentials gives you live drone info, like where it is, how high it’s flying, and where the operator is. Use this information to go to the pilot and have them land their drone safely. ## No Cost Hardware Your subscription comes with free hardware. With a location and power ready, setup takes about 5-10 minutes. The hardware requires no maintenance. Just install and let it do the work. ## Expand & Integrate The easy-to-use software grows when you need more coverage but still keeps your yearly cost low. Add alert zones, more users, or connect it to your current security systems. SCHEDULE DEMO talk to sales ## REGIONAL MONITORINGMonitor Multiple Locations from One Screen With AirWarden Essentials, you can watch drone activity at different locations all from one screen. When a drone is detected, you can zoom in on the alert zone and see live details about the drone and pilot, like where it’s flying, how high it is, and other important info. ## DRONE HISTORYAnalyze Past Incidents You can use past data from alert zones to spot patterns and plan better security. See the exact flight paths of drones from one or more past events, showing where and how they flew in the area. A search tool lets you look up events by date or Drone Remote ID, so you can tell if the same drone has come back. ### Protect your airspace with AirWarden Essentials—you can buy it online now! With live monitoring and the option to check past drone flight paths, this affordable solution helps you protect one or more locations all from one screen. It doesn’t need any hardware maintenance and uses FAA Remote ID data automatically. Boost your airspace security now—get AirWarden Essentials today for easy, budget-friendly, and complete drone detection! BUY NOW --- ## Pricing URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/drone-detection-system-price/ PRICING # AirWarden Drone Detection System Price Tailored drone detection solutions to match your security needs and budget ## WIDE-AREA DRONE DETECTIONAirWarden Essentials AirWarden Essentials, networks Remote ID data from distributed Receivers into a highly scalable web-based system that can monitor multiple regions simultaneously. The AirWarden Essentials solution was designed with a scalable architecture to minimize cost so anyone can protect their airspace without the complexities or expenses of more advanced sensor systems. The system’s legality and its affordability make it ideal for a wide range of organizations and agencies, not just those with special authorities or large budgets. EXPLORE AIRWARDEN ESSENTIALS ## AirWarden Essentials Drone Detection System Price One location $9,987 - Annually - Unlimited users #### Share detection data, system visibility, and alerts with authorized partners for no additional charge - Local Law Enforcement - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Department of War (DoW) - Private security ## Interested in pricing for our other advanced drone detection solutions? Simply fill out the form below, and we’ll be in touch as soon as possible. ### We can help you find the right solution! Need more information or want to discuss how AeroDefense can help secure your airspace? Fill out the form, and a member of our sales team will get in touch with you shortly. Whether you have questions about our drone detection solutions, pricing, or want to learn how our system can meet your specific needs, we’re here to assist. Let’s work together to find the best solution for your organization! --- ## Products URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/ # PRODUCTSAirWarden® Product Suite Explore AeroDefense’s diverse drone detection system solutions ## AirWarden Drone Detection System AirWarden drone detection systems address a wide range of drone-related security challenges across various industries. REAL-TIME DRONE AND PILOT TRACKING Monitor and track drones and their operators in real-time for enhanced situational awareness. AUTOMATED ALERTS TO ENABLE QUICK RESPONSE Receive instant notifications about drone and operator activity to enable swift and effective responses. MADE IN USA AeroDefense solutions are developed and manufactured domestically which guarantees high-quality standards and eliminates cybersecurity concerns associated with foreign technology. Book a Meeting HISTORICAL DATA REPORTING Access comprehensive records of past drone activity to analyze trends and enhance future security strategies. HOMELAND SECURITY SAFETY ACT DESIGNATED Designation confirms AeroDefense’s commitment to effective, reliable, and legal drone detection solutions. ## CHOOSING A SOLUTIONMatch Your Investment to Your Risk Level When evaluating a drone detection system, it’s important to match your solution to the level of risk you face. Most drone incidents involve hobbyists flying FAA-compliant drones that broadcast Remote ID. AirWarden Essentials detects these signals, providing a cost-effective way to monitor typical drone activity and gauge your overall exposure. If you begin seeing drones that aren’t broadcasting Remote ID, it may indicate a more serious threat. In those cases, AirWarden Classic offers a more advanced solution designed to detect non-compliant or modified drones. ## AirWarden Solutions Explore AirWarden drone detection solutions developed and manufactured by AeroDefense in the United States. ## AirWarden Essentials AirWarden Essentials delivers wide-area drone and pilot detection in a cost-effective, easy-to-deploy solution. Organizations with multiple locations can monitor drone activity across all sites from a single interface—ideal for regional or enterprise-level awareness. AirWarden Essentials is popular because it strikes the right balance between affordability and effectiveness, offering strong protection without the complexity or price tag of more advanced systems. Learn More ## AirWarden Spectrum For businesses and government agencies that suspect or are aware of threats from sophisticated drone pilots with nefarious intent, a solution that detects both FAA Remote ID-compliant and non-compliant drones may be needed. AeroDefense offers layers of radio frequency-based drone detection solutions that can be deployed permanently or temporarily. Learn More ## AIRWARDEN INTEGRATION CAPABILITIESAirWarden is an open-platform drone detection and airspace management solution designed to seamlessly integrate with various systems, including UTM (Unmanned Traffic Management), radar, and cameras. Its flexible architecture supports interoperability through APIs, data sharing, and real-time synchronization, enhancing overall airspace awareness and security. Through its open-platform design, AirWarden can integrate with existing and future airspace security technologies, offering a scalable and adaptable solution for enhanced airspace control. ### UTM When integrated with UTM systems, AirWarden enables continuous monitoring and management of both cooperative and non-cooperative drones, providing comprehensive airspace visibility. The system feeds real-time drone data into UTM networks, to ensure enhanced coordination between air traffic and drone operators. ### Radar AirWarden’s compatibility with radar systems allows it to detect drones that may not emit electronic signatures, improving detection range and accuracy. By merging radar data with AirWarden’s proprietary RF-based detection capabilities, users achieve a robust solution for detecting even stealth or low-profile drones. ### Camera Camera systems can be integrated with AirWarden to start recording automatically when a drone is detected. Integration Partners ## Request a Meeting or Demo Whether you’re ready for a demo or just beginning to explore drone detection systems, we’re here to support your process. Connect with a product expert to get answers, explore your options, and see if AirWarden Essentials or Classic is the right fit for your organization. --- ## Frequently Asked Questions URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/frequently-asked-questions/ # FAQ Frequently Asked Questions Get your questions answered and get all the details before making a decision. ## About Drone Detection and How it Works** Why do I need to worry about drones? - Concerns about drones include the potential dangers posed by clueless pilots who may inadvertently fly into restricted airspace or crash into people and property, causing accidents and injuries. Additionally, criminals can exploit drones for illicit activities such as spying, smuggling, or delivering contraband - Read more about the problems drones can cause here**. Watch the “**Why You Need to Worry About Drones**” video. What industries generally use drone detection? The most prevalent drone detection users include critical infrastructure, public safety, sports venues, corrections, airports and military installations. Watch the ”**Industries Using Drone Detection**” video. What is the difference between detection and mitigation? Drone detection identifies the presence of drones in a specific area, helping organizations understand what’s happening in their airspace. Drone mitigation refers to actions taken to disrupt, disable, or otherwise neutralize a detected drone.  In the United States, mitigation authority is strictly limited by federal law. Historically, only certain federal agencies — such as the Department of Defense and the Department of Homeland Security — were authorized to take such action. While a bill called the SAFER SKIES Act is still under consideration, the 2026 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) provides limited authority for trained and certified state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) law enforcement agencies to perform mitigation in response to credible threats — but only using federally approved technologies and under strict oversight and reporting requirements. Watch the ”**Drone Detection and Mitigation Explained**” video. What is Remote ID? Remote Identification (Remote ID) is a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) mandate that requires drones operating in U.S. airspace to broadcast identification and location information while in flight. As of September 1, 2023, most drones are required to comply with the FAA’s Remote ID requirements. Newly manufactured drones include Standard Remote ID built directly into the aircraft. Older drones can meet the requirement by using an FAA-approved Remote ID broadcast module. By requiring drones to transmit identifying and location data, Remote ID enhances accountability, supports regulatory compliance, and improves transparency in the national airspace. Watch our “**Understanding Remote ID**” video to learn more. How does Radio Frequency (RF) drone detection work? - RF-based drone detection sensors can be passive or active.  In the passive type, the sensor receives the signal and then detects the controller/drone based on the signal’s physical characteristics (if no demodulation involved) or based on the signal content (if demodulation is involved). - In the active type, such as radar, the RF detection system emits radio waves and measures the time it takes for the waves to bounce back from objects, determining their distance, speed, and size. By analyzing the reflected signals, radar can detect and track the presence and movement of objects in its range.   Watch our “**How RF Drone Detection Works**” video to learn more. How does detection of the pilot work? - There are three ways to reliably detect a drone pilot:  Remote ID signal receipt: Remote ID broadcasts, which are signals transmitted by drones as per regulatory requirements include information such as the drone’s location, altitude, speed, and the pilot’s location - Extract the pilot launch coordinates from the drone/controller communication channel: Only available to entities like DOD and DHS with prior legal waivers  - Spectrum sense: Analyzes the characteristics of the detected RF signals, such as frequency, power, and modulation patterns, to identify and classify the source as a drone and its pilot Why is AirWarden Essentials so much less expensive than other solutions? AirWarden Essentials Receivers detect the signals that drones broadcast regarding their and the pilot positions, track, altitude and more which are 80-85% of the drones in the field today. Solutions to detect the 10-15% of RF drones that do not broadcast Remote ID, including AeroDefense’s Spectrum Sensors, require much more expensive hardware and sophisticated software. The remaining 5% or so that do not broadcast any RF sign can be detected by radar which requires investment comparable to the RF systems. Learn more about our full range of drone detection solutions. ## Regulatory Stuff Why can’t I just shoot down a drone? Drones are legally considered aircraft, and federal law prohibits private individuals from interfering with them. Shooting one down could harm people or property and lead to criminal charges or fines. While a bill called the SAFER SKIES Act is still under consideration, the 2026 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) gives limited authority to trained and authorized law enforcement agencies to mitigate drones that pose credible threats. What are the key laws concerning drone detection technologies? In the U.S., drone detection is primarily regulated by: - **FAA regulations (14 CFR § 91.3 & § 91.15)** – The FAA controls all aircraft in the National Airspace System, and interfering with a drone is illegal for most entities. - **FCC rules (47 U.S.C. § 301 & 47 CFR Part 15)** – Systems that transmit RF signals require authorization; purely passive systems generally comply. - **Privacy laws** – Any collection of non-public personal data may trigger federal or state privacy protections. **Fourth Amendment (U.S. Constitution)** – Limits government use of detection technology in ways that could constitute unreasonable searches or seizures. What Does DHS SAFETY Act Designation Mean? The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Support Anti-terrorism by Fostering Effective Technologies (SAFETY) Act of 2002 is a significant part of the United States’ response to the threat of terrorism, particularly following the events of September 11, 2001. The SAFETY Act was designed to encourage the development and deployment of effective anti-terrorism technologies and offers significant liability protections for providers and users of these technologies in the aftermath of a terror event. Should I buy drone detection now or wait for legislation to change and buy a mitigation system? Mitigating a drone — meaning disrupting, disabling, or taking it out of the sky — carries significant safety and legal risks, especially over populated areas. For that reason, mitigation authority in the United States remains strictly limited under federal law. While the 2026 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) expanded mitigation authority to certain trained and certified state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) law enforcement agencies, that authority is still tightly controlled, requires federal approval, and applies only in response to credible threats. It does not create broad mitigation rights for private organizations. Drone detection systems, however, are widely available today and can provide real-time awareness of drone and pilot locations while operating within existing federal regulations. For most organizations, establishing airspace awareness through detection is the safest and most practical response. Learn more about the concerns regarding mitigation here.   Is Remote ID legal for me to use? Yes. Remote ID messages are public broadcasts, meaning they are intentionally transmitted for anyone to receive. The information – including drone and pilot location data – is designed to be accessible to the general public. More details can be found in this FAA video. ## AeroDefense products and services** What kind of drone detection does AeroDefense offer? AeroDefense offers a full range of drone detection services and products based on the following technologies: – Remote ID– Spectrum sensor networks– Spectrum sensor direction finder Each solution can be deployed independently or combined to provide layered airspace awareness, depending on operational needs. Optional camera and radar integrations are available. Explore our full product lineup here: Drone Detection Solutions**. What is AirWarden Essentials? AirWarden Essentials is AeroDefense’s wide-range, subscription-based drone detection solution that provides real-time airspace awareness for a fraction of the cost of traditional systems. Built on a scalable SaaS platform, Essentials allows organizations to monitor multiple locations from a single interface and share detection data, system access, and alerts with authorized partners such as DHS, FBI, DoD, and local law enforcement without additional fees. Designed for reliability and ease of use, AirWarden Essentials gives organizations visibility into their airspace without the cost and complexity of full-spectrum detection systems. Learn more about AirWarden Essentials **here**.  Your competitors claim their non-Remote ID RF detection systems are also legal, so how is your system different? Only a few federal agencies are permitted to read the actual signal between a drone and its controller because of federal wiretapping laws. AirWarden® doesn’t do that – instead, it works like a Geiger counter. Just as a Geiger counter senses radiation without trying to interpret it, AirWarden® Spectrum uses spectrum sensing to detect radio frequency (RF) energy from drones and controllers. Some competitors decode and demodulate those signals to extract information, which raises legal and compliance concerns.  Start your journey now **here**. What is the drone detection range? - Detection range varies by technology and environment: **Remote ID receivers (RID):** Wide-area coverage, approximately 2–30 km, depending on environmental conditions. - **Spectrum sensors:** Localized coverage, approximately 0.5–4 km, depending on environment and drone RF power. Learn more about our products here. Is the data captured just ours? - Only you see sensor details. Sensor locations are not displayed. The drone public Remote ID broadcast data goes into a “data lake”.– Only a customer with their own sensor and AirWarden subscription will be able to access the system.– If a customer’s sensor is near your sensor, they will provide redundancy, earlier detection and increased detection range. ## Installation & Integrations How large can my alert zone be? - The AirWarden alert zone can be up to 12,500 acres or 20 square miles. If the alert zone is a circle, the radius can be up to 2.5 mile radius.  What shape can my alert zone be? - The AirWarden alert zone can be circular or any multi-sided polygon. How long does setup take? - AirWarden Receivers are designed for simplicity. In most cases, a single receiver can be installed in approximately 30–45 minutes, provided that a suitable mounting location and power source are available. For more advanced deployments, such as networked spectrum sensor installations or integration with existing security and IT infrastructure, setup time can vary. These installations typically require a couple of weeks, depending on site complexity and coordination requirements. Can your system integrate with our existing security solutions? - AirWarden’s open architecture allows for easy integration into or out of third party systems. Will your system interfere with navigational aids and/or communications? - The AirWarden system will not interfere with navigational aids and/or communications because it is a passive detection system (i.e. receive-only) and utilizes commercially available networks for connectivity. How does AirWarden Essentials hardware connect to the network? - Every AirWarden Receiver includes a cellular data plan.   - The Receiver also has an Ethernet port for hardline or satellite connectivity. Is the drone detection system portable? - AeroDefense provides flexible deployment options including fixed (permanent), temporary/portable for tripod mount. Learn about our products here.   Can I monitor multiple sites in a large region simultaneously? - Yes, AirWarden Essentials allows you to monitor multiple locations with individual alert zones.   Is AirWarden already integrated with any AAM/UTM or other detection systems? - AeroDefense easily integrates with third party applications. Check our Partner Page for the latest updates.  --- ## Use Cases URL: https://aerodefense.tech/use-cases/ # Use Cases See how our technology is making a difference in security and defense. DETECT IDENTIFY LOCATE TRACK USE CASE # Correctional Facilities Drones pose a growing threat to correctional facilities by delivering contraband, which compromises security and safety. You need a system that can reliably detect and locate drones and their pilots to disrupt contraband delivery and deter future delivery attempts. Learn More USE CASE # Critical Infrastructure Drones near critical infrastructure pose several safety and security concerns. You need to know where unauthorized drones and most importantly their pilots are to question their intent and have them safely land their drone. Learn More USE CASE # Stadiums Drones flying near large crowds at stadiums can pose threats to public safety and disrupt events. You need a solution that gets you to the pilot’s location quickly to stop the threatening flight before it causes any issues. Learn More ## USE CASE Correctional Facilities Drones pose a growing threat to correctional facilities by delivering contraband, which compromises security and safety. You need a system that can reliably detect and locate drones and their pilots to disrupt contraband delivery and deter future delivery attempts. GET STARTED ## USE CASECritical Infrastructure Drones near critical infrastructure pose several safety and security concerns. You need to know where unauthorized drones and most importantly their pilots are to question their intent and have them safely land their drone. GET STARTED ## USE CASEStadiums Drones flying near large crowds at stadiums can pose threats to public safety and disrupt events. You need a solution that gets you to the pilot’s location quickly to stop the threatening flight before it causes any issues. GET STARTED ## Request a Demo Experience how AeroDefense’s cutting-edge drone detection and tracking solutions can protect your airspace. Fill out the form, and our team will schedule a personalized demo to show you how our system works. Once submitted, we’ll contact you shortly to arrange your demo. ## Some of Our Esteemed Customers Trusted companies, corporations, governments agencies and municipalities choose AeroDefense to protect their assets, properties and investments. --- ## Testimonials URL: https://aerodefense.tech/drone-detection-system-products/airwarden-testimonials/ # TESTIMONIALSAirWarden Testimonials See how our technology is making a difference in security and defense ## Santa Barbara Bowl #### *AeroDefense and AirWarden have given the Santa Barbara Bowl the peace of mind needed in today’s society. As a provider of safe spaces for large events, the SB Bowl needs to have a robust system of monitoring to know of potential threats as soon as possible.* ## MetLife Stadium #### *RF is currently the best solution to identify where the drone and operator are, and the only one that we found that can detect the drone and the controller when the RF connection is established. Therefore, it’s possible that we can detect the drone before it even takes off. To detect the drone is nice. To detect and locate the pilot is a form of mitigation.* ## Georgia Department of Corrections #### *Out of numerous tests with other drone detection equipment from virtually all the big companies that have drone detection technologies, AeroDefense stands apart from others. The system always detects and never fails. The support received is also phenomenal.* ## Cal State Fresno #### Thank you for the outstanding customer service you provided. The quick resolution and attention to detail were remarkable and greatly helped our team. Your dedication to customer satisfaction is evident and I am incredibly impressed by your professionalism. I look forward to continued business with your company, thanks to your exceptional support. ## The University of Mississippi Emergency Management Coordinator #### We wanted a reliable, easy to operate drone detection system for our campus. With the AirWarden system by AeroDefense we got what we were looking for and more. Since installing the product, we have been able to quickly identify every drone that flies on campus. The install was quick and easy, the sales and service continue to be professional and spot-on and as for price I believe it will be hard to beat. ## Large US-Based Cattle Farm #### As a large-scale cattle operation, our top priority is the safety of our livestock and team. Low-flying activist drones spook our cattle, risking dangerous stampedes, animal injuries, and property damage while threatening our staff on the ground. Implementing AeroDefense’s AirWarden Essentials has given us the critical situational awareness we need. The system provides an early warning to detect airborne threats before they cause chaos, protecting our herd, staff, and livelihood. AirWarden allows us to collaborate with local law enforcement in real time and automatically compiles the digital evidence needed for prosecution. Backed by second-to-none customer support, AirWarden is indispensable for our security and peace of mind. # Our Experience With United States Air Force Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst’s 621st Contingency Response Squadron (CRS) and 87th Security Forces Squadron (SFS) When deploying to an allied country, we need equipment that operates within their regulatory environment. From our experience, AeroDefense technology met our requirements and was crucial in protecting our troops. ## 621st CRSLieutenant Colonel Jessica Guarini We thoroughly evaluated the drone detection market, and AeroDefense’s unique ability to find the pilot fills a critical gap in our ability to defend against unauthorized small unmanned aerial systems. ## 87th SFSMaster Sergeant Kologinsky ## Our Experience With United States Air Force Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst’s 621st Contingency Response Squadron (CRS) and 87th Security Forces Squadron (SFS) When deploying to an allied country, we need equipment that operates within their regulatory environment. From our experience, AeroDefense technology met our requirements and was crucial in protecting our troops. ## 621st CRSLieutenant Colonel Jessica Guarini We thoroughly evaluated the drone detection market, and AeroDefense’s unique ability to find the pilot fills a critical gap in our ability to defend against unauthorized small unmanned aerial systems. ## 87th SFSMaster Sergeant Kologinsky CUSTOMER SUCCESS STORY ## University of Washington DOWNLOAD CUSTOMER SUCCESS STORY ## MetLife Stadium DOWNLOAD CUSTOMER SUCCESS STORY ## Georgia Department of Corrections DOWNLOAD --- ## Contact Us URL: https://aerodefense.tech/about-us/contact-aerodefense/ # Contact AeroDefense Reach out to AeroDefense for expert assistance and answers to your questions ## Oceanport, NJ – USA We’re headquartered at the historic Fort Monmouth in Oceanport, NJ. Fort Monmouth was a hub for historic innovations, including the development of radar technology, early satellite communications, and advancements in military electronics and cryptography. We’re here to assist you and offer several ways to contact us. Whether you prefer filling out our form or emailing, our team is ready to assist with any questions about AeroDefense’s AirWarden drone detection solutions. ## How to Contact AeroDefense EMAIL sales@aerodefense.tech PHONE (732) 284-3853 ADDRESS 1000 Sanger Avenue, Suite 18 Oceanport, NJ 07757 WORKING HOURS Mon-Fri: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM --- ## Blog grid URL: https://aerodefense.tech/resources/blog-grid/ # BLOGAeroDefense Blog Latest news and events on drones and related industries AllCitywide Drone DetectionCorrectional FacilitiesDrone DetectionDrone Detection SystemsDrone ThreatsIntro to Drone DetectionLaws & EthicsLegalityMitigationMobile Drone DetectionNational SecurityPublic SafetyRemote IDRF Drone Detection --- ## Single post URL: https://aerodefense.tech/blogs/single-post/ --- ## Footer URL: https://aerodefense.tech/home/footer/ --- ## Home URL: https://aerodefense.tech/ ### Real-time Drone& Pilot Detection arrow_right_alt Explore AirWarden play_circle AirWarden in Action Close Your browser does not support the video tag. arrow_right_alt Explore AirWarden play_circle AirWarden in Action Close Your browser does not support the video tag. Trusted companies, corporations, governments agencies and municipalities choose AeroDefense to protect their assets, properties and investments. Not every drone is a threat. Our solutions provide real-time tracking of a drone and help locate the pilot so you can understand their intentions. AeroDefense drone detection systems deliver airspace awareness that empowers security teams to locate the pilot, determine their intent, and request cooperation to safely land the drone if it shouldn't be there. Using real-time drone detection software, teams can approve known drones and monitor unknown ones, keeping operations under control while minimizing unnecessary responses. START YOUR JOURNEY ## AeroDefense by the Numbers A track record of innovation and impact and decade-long commitment to airspace security 0123456789001234567890 YEARS IN BUSINESS 01234567890 PATENTS 01234567890 SBIR CONTRACTS 01234567890 SAFETY ACT DESIGNATIONS ### Introducing AirWarden® Essentials ## Powerful Drone Detection with a Practical Price AirWarden Essentials is a highly scalable, wide-area drone monitoring solution starting at just $9,987/year. Designed for both permanent and temporary use, it can be fully deployed in minutes, giving businesses and government agencies instant airspace awareness with minimal effort. #### Drone and Pilot Tracking #### Friendly Drone Authorization #### Historical Data Reporting #### Regional Monitoring REAL-TIME AWARENESS The AirWarden Essentials system delivers drone detection using Remote ID, the FAA’s digital “license plate” for drones. It pinpoints the pilot’s location along with the drone’s make, model, location, altitude, speed, and serial number—providing full situational awareness. SCALABILITY AirWarden Essentials lets you deploy one or more receivers to cover a building, campus, or multiple sites, and easily expand to cities, regions, or nationwide. Think of it like a security camera system: add coverage as needed, all feeding into a single view of your airspace. POWERFUL REPORTING Historical data analysis provides powerful tools to identify patterns and trends and aid in development of proactive security measures. Easily identify repeat drones at one or more locations. Reports are conveniently available in both PDF and CSV formats to allow for easy sharing across teams. REGIONAL MONITORING Multiple Remote ID receivers can be linked into a wider network, allowing operators to monitor activity across wide areas - such as large facilities, regions or even the entire US - from a single screen. Users can create virtual geofences and receive instant alerts when a drone enters a restricted area. LEARN MORE FREE TRIAL ## Your Ultimate Guide to Drone Detection Whether you’re evaluating solutions or just getting started, this guide breaks down detection methods, limitations under U.S. law, and how to make informed decisions about airspace awareness. READ THE GUIDE ## AirWarden® Suite of Drone Detection Solutions AeroDefense solutions are designed to be accessible and effective for organizations of all sizes, not just those with large budgets or special waivers. Our range of drone detection solutions are designed to match your risk level to your investment and ensure you find the right fit for your use case. ## AIRWARDENSpectrum AirWarden Spectrum is one of the best drone detection systems for protecting high-risk areas, detecting both FAA Remote ID-compliant and non-compliant drones. AirWarden Spectrum offers multiple layers of advanced frequency-based drone detection solutions, which can be deployed on either a permanent or temporary basis to suit your needs. ## AIRWARDENEssentials AirWarden Essentials delivers a cost-effective and scalable solution for drone and pilot detection ideal for many businesses and government agencies. AirWarden Essentials leverages Remote ID signals and offers real-time alerts and situational awareness of drone and pilot locations without the need for more complicated and expensive systems. COMPARE ALL SOLUTIONS ## REGULATORY COMPLIANCEDrone Detection Without Federal Waivers AeroDefense's AirWarden technology does not require federal waivers.. because it passively detects drone signals without interference with or interception of private drone communications to ensure compliance with regulations while providing effective drone detector capabilities. MORE ON LEGALITY ## Drone Detection Use Cases AeroDefense solutions are versatile and can be adapted for a wide range of applications beyond those listed below. Correctional facilities Critical Infrastructure Stadiums ---